ASTM D2064-24
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Architectural Paints
Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Architectural Paints
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The ability of a coating to resist printing is important because its appearance is adversely affected if the smoothness of the coating film is altered by contact with another surface, particularly one with a texture. Interior paint systems, particularly gloss and semigloss on window sills and other horizontal surfaces, often have objects such as flower pots placed on them that may tend to leave a permanent impression. This tendency for a paint film to “print” is a function of the hardness of the coating, the pressure, temperature, humidity, and the duration of time that the object is in contact with the painted surface.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an accelerated procedure for evaluating the print resistance of architectural paints. It differs from print resistance Test Method D2091 in that the latter is concerned with lacquer finishes under packaging, shipping, and warehousing conditions, whereas this test method is concerned with decorative coatings undergoing random on-site pressure contact.
Note 1: Printing should not be confused with blocking, which is measured in Test Method D4946. The former relates to the indentation of a surface, and the latter, the sticking together of two surfaces.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Jan-2024
- Technical Committee
- D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
- Drafting Committee
- D01.42 - Architectural Coatings
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2024
Overview
ASTM D2064-24: Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Architectural Paints provides an accelerated procedure for evaluating the print resistance of decorative paints used in architectural settings. Developed by ASTM, this standard measures the ability of an architectural paint film to resist permanent impressions-also known as "printing"-when subjected to localized pressure contacts, such as those made by objects resting on interior painted surfaces. Print resistance is a key indicator of the durability and appearance retention of paints, particularly for gloss and semigloss finishes used on horizontal surfaces like window sills and shelving.
Key Topics
- Print Resistance Defined: Print resistance refers to a paint film's capability to withstand indentations from objects that come into contact with its surface during use, especially before the coating has fully hardened.
- Test Methodology: The method involves placing cheesecloth and a weighted stopper onto a test panel coated with the paint sample, then exposing it to elevated temperature (such as 60°C/140°F) for one hour. The resulting impression is then rated on a scale from 0 (very poor) to 10 (perfect).
- Environmental Considerations: Print resistance is influenced by multiple factors, including the hardness of the coating, pressure applied, ambient temperature, humidity, and the duration of contact.
- Distinction from Blocking: The standard distinguishes "printing" (surface indentation) from "blocking" (adhesion between painted surfaces), underscoring the importance of using the appropriate test method for specific failure modes.
Applications
- Product Development: Paint manufacturers use ASTM D2064-24 in the formulation and quality control of interior architectural coatings to ensure products meet performance expectations for print resistance.
- Quality Assurance: Specifiers, contractors, and QC labs rely on this test to compare different paint formulations or batches, helping select products suitable for surfaces frequently exposed to objects, such as windowsills, furniture tops, or shelving.
- End-User Assurance: By demonstrating compliance with ASTM D2064, suppliers can assure builders, designers, and owners of the superior durability and appearance of their decorative paints, especially in high-traffic or frequently-used interior environments.
- Regulatory Compliance: This test method supports international trade and specification by adhering to globally recognized procedures consistent with the WTO’s standards principles.
Related Standards
- ASTM D2091: Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers, focused on evaluating lacquer finishes under stresses commonly encountered during packaging, shipping, and warehousing.
- ASTM D4946: Standard Test Method for Blocking Resistance of Architectural Paints, which measures the tendency of coatings to stick to themselves when stacked or pressed together, rather than surface indentation.
- Paint/Coatings Dictionary: Reference for terminology definitions relevant to print resistance and coating performance.
Practical Value
Implementing ASTM D2064-24 ensures that architectural paints provide lasting surface protection and maintain their intended aesthetic appeal, reducing the risk of unsightly impressions from everyday use. By following a standardized procedure, manufacturers, specifiers, and buyers gain confidence in product claims regarding print resistance, enhancing overall quality and performance consistency in residential, commercial, and institutional environments.
Keywords: ASTM D2064, print resistance, architectural paints, decorative coatings, surface durability, interior paint performance, quality assurance, paint standard, building materials testing, paint film indentation, ASTM standards.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D2064-24 is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Architectural Paints". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 The ability of a coating to resist printing is important because its appearance is adversely affected if the smoothness of the coating film is altered by contact with another surface, particularly one with a texture. Interior paint systems, particularly gloss and semigloss on window sills and other horizontal surfaces, often have objects such as flower pots placed on them that may tend to leave a permanent impression. This tendency for a paint film to “print” is a function of the hardness of the coating, the pressure, temperature, humidity, and the duration of time that the object is in contact with the painted surface. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers an accelerated procedure for evaluating the print resistance of architectural paints. It differs from print resistance Test Method D2091 in that the latter is concerned with lacquer finishes under packaging, shipping, and warehousing conditions, whereas this test method is concerned with decorative coatings undergoing random on-site pressure contact. Note 1: Printing should not be confused with blocking, which is measured in Test Method D4946. The former relates to the indentation of a surface, and the latter, the sticking together of two surfaces. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 The ability of a coating to resist printing is important because its appearance is adversely affected if the smoothness of the coating film is altered by contact with another surface, particularly one with a texture. Interior paint systems, particularly gloss and semigloss on window sills and other horizontal surfaces, often have objects such as flower pots placed on them that may tend to leave a permanent impression. This tendency for a paint film to “print” is a function of the hardness of the coating, the pressure, temperature, humidity, and the duration of time that the object is in contact with the painted surface. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers an accelerated procedure for evaluating the print resistance of architectural paints. It differs from print resistance Test Method D2091 in that the latter is concerned with lacquer finishes under packaging, shipping, and warehousing conditions, whereas this test method is concerned with decorative coatings undergoing random on-site pressure contact. Note 1: Printing should not be confused with blocking, which is measured in Test Method D4946. The former relates to the indentation of a surface, and the latter, the sticking together of two surfaces. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D2064-24 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D2064-24 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D2064-91(2016), ASTM D2091-96(2024), ASTM D2091-96(2017), ASTM D5324-16(2022). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D2064-24 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2064 − 24
Standard Test Method for
Print Resistance of Architectural Paints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2064; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 print resistance, n—the ability of a paint film to resist
forming a permanent impression in a semihardened film as a
1.1 This test method covers an accelerated procedure for
result of a pressure from an object placed on it.
evaluating the print resistance of architectural paints. It differs
from print resistance Test Method D2091 in that the latter is
4. Summary of Test Method
concerned with lacquer finishes under packaging, shipping, and
4.1 A piece of cheesecloth is placed on the painted surface,
warehousing conditions, whereas this test method is concerned
dried, and a No. 8 rubber stopper (position smaller diameter of
with decorative coatings undergoing random on-site pressure
stopper on the cheesecloth) and a 500 g weight to create a
contact.
pressure of about 6.2 kPa (0.9 psi) are placed onto the
NOTE 1—Printing should not be confused with blocking, which is
cheesecloth. This assembly is placed in an oven at 60 °C
measured in Test Method D4946. The former relates to the indentation of
(140 °F), or other agreed upon temperature, for 1 h. When
a surface, and the latter, the sticking together of two surfaces.
cooled, the resulting paint surfaces are rated on the numerical
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
scale of 0 to 10, which corresponds to a subjective rating of an
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
impression resulting from their being in contact with the
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
cheesecloth.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 The ability of a coating to resist printing is important
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- because its appearance is adversely affected if the smoothness
of the coating film is altered by contact with another surface,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- particularly one with a texture. Interior paint systems, particu-
larly gloss and semigloss on window sills and other horizontal
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the surfaces, often have objects such as flower pots placed on them
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- that may tend to leave a permanent impression. This tendency
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical for a paint film to “print” is a function of the hardness of the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. coating, the pressure, temperature, humidity, and the duration
of time that the object is in contact with the painted surface.
2. Referenced Documents
6. Apparatus
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6.1 Conditioning Room, at 18.0 °C to 29.5 °C (65 °F to
D2091 Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers
85 °F) and 40 % to 60 % relative humidity.
D4946 Test Method for Blocking Resistance of Architectural
Paints
6.2 Glass Slides, approximately 75 mm by 150 mm (3 in. by
6 in.).
3. Terminology
6.3 Drawdown Applicator, 75 mm (3 in.) wide, with a clear-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ance 150 μm (6 mils).
6.4 Oven, maintained at 60 °C 6 2 °C (140 °F 6 3.5 °F) or,
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
other agreed upon temperature.
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
6.5 Rubber Stoppers, No. 8 (40 mm top diameter and
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2024. Published February 2024. Originally
32 mm bottom diameter).
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D2064 – 91 (2016).
DOI: 10.1520/D2064-24.
6.6 Cheesecloth, medium weave, 24/20, bleached cotton.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM webs
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2064 − 91 (Reapproved 2016) D2064 − 24
Standard Test Method for
Print Resistance of Architectural Paints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2064; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers an accelerated procedure for evaluating the print resistance of architectural paints. It differs from print
resistance Test Method D2091 in that the latter is concerned with lacquer finishes under packaging, shipping, and warehousing
conditions, whereas this test method is concerned with decorative coatings undergoing random on-site pressure contact.
NOTE 1—Printing should not be confused with blocking, which is measured in Test Method D4946. The former relates to the indentation of a surface,
and the latter, the sticking together of two surfaces.
1.2 The values stated in inch-poundSI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2091 Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers
D4946 Test Method for Blocking Resistance of Architectural Paints
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 print resistance, n—the ability of a paint film to resist forming a permanent impression in a semihardened film as a result
of a pressure from an object placed on it.
3.2 For additional definitions of terms, refer to Paint/Coatings Dictionary.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016Feb. 1, 2024. Published December 2016February 2024. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20122016
as D2064 – 91 (2012).(2016). DOI: 10.1520/D2064-91R16.10.1520/D2064-24.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2064 − 24
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A piece of cheesecloth is placed on the painted surface and topped with a surface, dried, and a No. 8 rubber stopper (position
smaller diameter of stopper on the cheesecloth) and a 500-g500 g weight to create a pressure of about 0.9 psi (6.2 kPa). 6.2 kPa (0.9
psi) are placed onto the cheesecloth. This assembly is placed in a 140°F (60°C), an oven at 60 °C (140 °F), or other agreed upon
temperature, oven for 1 h. When cooled, the resulting paint surfaces are rated on the numerical scale of 0 to 10, which corresponds
to a subjective rating of an impression resulting from their being in contact with the cheesecloth.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The ability of a coating to resist printing is important because its appearance is adversely affected if the smoothness of the
coating film is altered by contact with another surface, particularly one with a texture. Interior paint systems, particularly gloss and
semigloss on window sills and other horizontal surfaces, often have objects such as flower pots placed on them that may tend to
leave a permanent impression. This tendency for a paint film to “print” is a function of the hardness of the coating, the pressure,
temperature, humidity, and the duration of time that the object is in contact with the painted surface.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Conditioning Room, at 65 to 85°F (18 to 29.5°C) an
...
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