ASTM B75/B75M-20

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B75/B75M − 19 B75/B75M − 20
Standard Specification for
Seamless Copper Tube
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B75/B75M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for seamless round, rectangular, and square copper tube suitable for general
engineering applications.
1.1.1 Tubes made from any of the following Copper UNS No. designations shall be supplied unless otherwise specified in the
contract or purchase order:
Copper UNS No. Type of Copper
C10100 Oxygen-free electronic
C10200 Oxygen-free without residual deoxidants
C10300 Oxygen-free, extra low phosphorus
C10800 Oxygen-free, low phosphorus
C12000 Phosphorus deoxidized, low residual phosphorus
C12200 Phosphorus deoxidized, high residual phosphorus
1.2 Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text,
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure
conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not
be combined.
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification: This standard does not
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper and Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tubing
B170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—Refinery Shapes
B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor Materials
B251/B251M Specification for General Requirements for Wrought Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube
B577 Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in Copper
B601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in Unalloyed Copper by Gravimetry
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipe and
Tube.
Current edition approved April 1, 2019April 1, 2020. Published May 2019May 2020. Originally published as B75 – 28T. Last previous edition approved in 20112019 as
B75/B75M–11.-19. DOI: 10.1520/B0075_B0075M–19.10.1520/B0075_B0075M-20.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, refer to related Specification SB-75 in Section II of that Code.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B75/B75M − 20
E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and Copper Alloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of Copper and Copper-Alloy Tubes
E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for the Determination of Chemical Composition
2.2 ASME Standard:
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
3. General Requirements
3.1 The following sections of Specification B251/B251M are a part of this specification.
3.1.1 Terminology, General;
3.1.2 Material and Manufacture;
3.1.3 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance;
3.1.4 Significance of Numerical Limits;
3.1.5 Inspection;
3.1.6 Rejection and Rehearing;
3.1.7 Certification;
3.1.8 Mill Test Reports;
3.1.9 Packaging and Package Marking; and
3.1.10 Supplementary Requirements.
3.2 In addition, when a section with an identical title to those referenced in section 3.1 appears in this specification, and is in
conflict with the section appearing in Specification B251/B251M, the section in this specification shall prevail.
4. Terminology
4.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms related to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Include the following specific choices when placing orders for product under this specification, as applicable.
5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (for example, B75 – 02);
5.1.2 Copper UNS No. (for example, C10100);
5.1.3 Temper (Section 8);
5.1.4 Dimensions; diameter or distance between parallel surfaces, and wall thickness (Section 17);
5.1.5 How furnished; coils or straight lengths;
5.1.6 Number of pieces or footage; each size and type;
5.1.7 Total weight.
5.2 The following options are available but may not be included unless specified at the time of placing the order, when required:
5.2.1 Electrical mass resistivity test,
5.2.2 Hydrogen embrittlement test,
5.2.3 Hydrostatic test for pressures less than or equal to 1000 psi (21.2.8),
5.2.4 Hydrostatic test for pressures over 1000 psi (21.2.8.1),
5.2.5 Pneumatic test,
5.2.6 Certification,
5.2.7 Mill test report,
5.2.8 Expansion test,
5.2.9 When product is purchased for ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code application,
5.2.10 When product is purchased for agencies of the U.S. Government.
6. Material and Manufacture
6.1 Material—The material of manufacture shall be billets, bars, or tube of Copper UNS No. C10100, C10200, C10300,
C10800, C12000, or C12200, and shall be of such soundness as to be suitable for processing into the tubular products described.
6.2 Manufacture:
6.2.1 The tube shall be manufactured by such hot- and cold-working processes as to produce a uniform wrought structure in
the finished product. It shall be cold drawn to the finished size and wall thickness.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
B75/B75M − 20
6.2.2 When cold-drawn temper is required, the final drawing operation shall be such as to meet the specified temper. When
annealed temper is required, the tube shall be annealed subsequent to the final cold draw.
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 The material shall conform to the requirements in Table 1 for the specified Copper UNS No. designation.
7.1.1 These composition limits do not preclude the presence of other elements. By agreement between the manufacturer or
supplier and the purchaser, limits may be established and analysis required for unnamed elements.
8. Temper
8.1 The requirements and size availability of tube in the cold-drawn tempers H55, H58, and H80, as defined in Classification
B601, are specified in Table 2 or Table 3.
8.1.1 Rectangular, including square, tube shall normally be supplied only in H58 temper. When requested by the manufacturer
or supplier, and upon agreement with the purchaser, tube may be supplied in H55 temper.
8.1.1.1 For any combination of diameter and wall thickness not listed under H80 temper, the requirements specified for H58
temper shall apply.
8.2 The requirements and size availability of tube in the annealed tempers O50, O60, and O62 as defined in Classification B601,
are specified in Table 2 or Table 3.
NOTE 1—The purchaser shall confer with the manufacturer or supplier for the availability of product in a specific temper.
NOTE 2—Refer to Appendix X1 for recommended applications based on temper.
9. Grain Size Requirements
9.1 Tube in the annealed temper shall conform to the grain size specified in Table 2 or Table 3.
9.2 Acceptance or rejection based upon grain size shall depend only on the average grain size of a test specimen taken from
each of two sample portions, and each specimen shall be within the limits prescribed in Table 2 or Table 3 when determined in
accordance with Test Methods E112.
10. Physical Property Requirements
10.1 Electrical Resistivity—When specified in the contract or purchase order, tube ordered for electrical conductor application
produced from Copper UNS No. C10100, C10200, C10300, or C12000 shall have an electrical mass resistivity, Ω·g/m , not to
exceed the following limit for the specified copper and temper when tested in accordance with Test Method B193:
Copper UNS No.
Temper
C10100 C10200 C10300 C12000
O60, O50 0.151 76 0.153 28 0.156 14 0.170 31
H55, H58, H80 0.156 14 0.157 37 0.159 40 0.174 18
NOTE 3—Refer to Appendix X2 for the International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) electrical conductivity equivalents.
11. Mechanical Property Requirements
11.1 Tensile and Yield Strength Requirements:
11.1.1 The tube furnished under this specification shall conform to the requirements of Table 2 or Table 3 for the specified
temper and wall thickness when tested in accordance with Test Methods E8/E8M.
11.1.2 For any combination of diameter and wall thickness not listed under H80, the requirements for H58 shall apply.
11.1.3 Alternative Tensile and Yield values to those listed in Table 2 or Table 3 are acceptable upon agreement between the
purchaser and supplier.
11.2 Rockwell Hardness Requirements:
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Element Copper UNS No.
AA, B BC, D
C10100 C10200 C10300 C10800 C12000 C12200
Copper, min 99.99 99.95 . . 99.90 99.9
Copper + . . 99.95 99.95 . .
phosphorus, min
Phosphorus . . 0.001–0.005 0.005–0.012 0.004–0.012 0.015–0.040
A
Refer to Table 1, Chemical Requirements, Grade 1, of Specification B170 for impurity limits for Copper UNS No. C10100.
B
Cu value not including Ag.
C
Refer to Table 1, Chemical Requirements, Grade 2, of Specification B170 for impurity limits for Copper UNS No. C10200.
D
Cu value includes Ag.
B75/B75M − 20
TABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements of Drawn-Temper and Annealed-Temper Tube (inch-pound values)
Outside Diameter,
A
Temper Designation Rockwell Hardness Yield
or Major Average
C
Wall Tensile Strength,
Strength,
Distance Between Grain
B
Thickness, in. ksi min.,
Outside Parallel Size, mm B
Code Name Scale Hardness ksi
Surfaces, in.
D
H55 light-drawn all all 30T 30 to 60 36–47 30
H58 drawn (general all all 30T 30 min 36 min 30
purpose)
D
H80 hard-drawn up to 4 0.020 to 0.250, incl 30T 55 min 45 min 40
E F, G
O62 heavy anneal all 0.015 to 0.035 15T 60 max 0.050 max 30 min 6.5
E F, G
F 6.5
0.035 and over 55 max 0.050 max 30 min
O60 soft anneal all 0.015 to 0.035 15T 60 max 0.040 min 30 min 9
0.035 and over F 50 max 0.040 min 30 min 9
O50 light anneal all 0.015 to 0.035 15T 65 max 0.040 max 30 min 9
0.035 and over F 55 max 0.040 max 30 min 9
A
Rockwell hardness tests shall be made on the inside surface of the tube. When suitable equipment is not available for determining the specified Rockwell hardness, other
Rockwell scales and values shall be specified subject to agreement between the purchaser and supplier.
B
ksi = 1000 psi.
C
Yield strength to be determined at 0.5 % extension under load.
D
Light-drawn and hard-drawn tempers are normally available in round tubes only.
E 5
Rockwell hardness values shall apply only to tubes having a wall thickness of 0.015 in. or over, to round tubes having an inside diameter of ⁄16 in. or over, and to
rectangular, including square, tubes having an inside major distance between parallel surfaces of ⁄16 in. or over. For all other tube, no Rockwell values shall apply. Rockwell
hardness tests shall be made on the inside surface of the tube. When suitable equipment is not available for determining the specified Rockwell hardness, other Rockwell
scales and values shall be specified subject to agreement between the purchaser and supplier.
F
Light-straightening operation is acceptable.
G
Alternative Tensile and Yield values to those listed in Table 2 are acceptable upon agreement between the purchaser and supplier.
TABLE 3 Mechanical Property Requirements of Drawn-Temper and Annealed-Temper Tube (SI Values)
Outside
A
Diameter,
Temper Designation Rockwell Hardness
Yield
or Major Average
Tensile
B
Strength,
B
Distance Wall Thickness, mm Grain
Strength,
min,
Between Size, mm MPa
MPa
Standard Former Scale Hardness
Outside Parallel
Surfaces, mm
C
H55 light-drawn all all 30T 30 to 60 250–325 205
H58 drawn (general all all 30T 30 min 250 min 205
purpose)
C
H80 hard-drawn up to 102 0.508 to 6.35, incl 30T 55 min 310 min 275
D E, F
O62 heavy anneal all 0.381 to 0.889 15T 60 max 0.050 max 205 min 45
D E, F
F 45
0.889 and over 55 max 0.050 max 205 min
O60 soft anneal all 0.381 to 0.889 15T 60 max 0.040 min 205 min 62
0.889 and over F 50 max 0.040 min 205 min 62
O50 light anneal all 0.381 to 0.889 15T 65 max 0.040 max 205 min 62
0.889 and over F 55 max 0.040 max 205 min 62
A
Rockwell hardness tests shall be made on the inside surface of the tube. When suitable equipment is not available for determining the specified Rockwell hardness, other
Rockwell scales and values shall be specified subject to agreement between the purchaser and supplier.
B
Yield strength to be determined at 0.5 % extension under load.
C
Light-drawn and hard-drawn tempers are normally available in round tubes only.
D
Rockwell hardness values shall apply only to tubes having a wall thickness of 0.040 mm or over, to round tubes having an inside diameter of 8.0 or over, and to
rectangular, including square, tubes having an inside major distance between parallel surfaces of 5.0 mm or over. For all other tube, no Rockwell values shall apply.
Rockwell hardness tests shall be made on the inside surface of the tube. When suitable equipment is not available for determining the specified Rockwell hardness, other
Rockwell scales and values shall be specified subject to agreement between the purchaser and supplier.
E
Light-straightening operation shall be permitted.
F
Alternative Tensile and Yield values to those listed in Table 3 are acceptable upon agreement between the purchaser and supplier.
11.2.1 The tube shall conform to the Rockwell hardness requirements of Table 2 or Table 3 for the specified temper and wall
thickness when tested in accordance with Test Methods E18.
11.2.1.1 The Rockwell Hardness values for tube in the H55, H58, and H80 temper shall apply only to the following:
(a) Tubes having a wall thickness of 0.020 in. [0.508 mm] and over,
(b) Round tubes having an inside diameter of ⁄16 in. [8.0 mm] and over,
(c) Rectangular and square tubes having major distances between parallel surfaces of ⁄16 in. [5 mm] and over.
B75/B75M − 20
11.2.1.2 The Rockwell Hardness values for tube in the O60 and O50 temper shall apply only to the following:
(a) Tubes having a wall thickness of 0.015 in. [0.38 mm] and over;
(b) Round tubes having an inside diameter of ⁄16 in. [8 mm] and over;
(c) Rectangular and square tubes having inside major distances between parallel surfaces of ⁄16 in. [5 mm] and over.
11.3 Straightening—It shall not be prohibited to use light straightening for tube in the O60 and O50 temper.
11.4 When a discrepancy between tensile and Rockwell hardness exists, tensile always takes precedence for acceptance or
rejection criteria.
12. Performance Requirements
12.1 Expansion Test for Round Tube:
12.1.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, annealed tubes shall be capable of withstanding an expansion of the
3 3
outside diameter of 40 % for tube ⁄4 in. [19.0 mm] and under and 30 % for tube over ⁄4 in. [19.0 mm] when tested in accordance
with Test Method B153.
12.1.2 The expanded tube shall show no cracking or rupture visible to the unaided eye.
13. Microscopical Examination
13.1 Tubes furnished in Copper UNS No. C10100, C10200, C10300, and C12000 shall be essentially free of cuprous oxide as
determined by Procedure A of Test Methods B577.
14. Hydrogen Embrittlement
14.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, tubes produced in all designated copper material shall be capable of
conforming to the requirements of Procedure B of Test Methods B577.
15. Nondestructive Test
15.1 The tubes shall be tested in drawn tempers or as drawn before the final-annealed temper unless otherwise agreed upon
between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
15.2 Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Test:
15.2.1 Each tube up to and including 3 ⁄8 in. [79 mm] in outside diameter shall be subjected to test.
15.2.2 When tested in accordance with Practice E243, tubes which do not actuate the signaling device of the testing unit shall
be considered as conforming to the requirements of the test.
15.3 Hydrostatic Pressure Test—When specified in the contract or purchase order, each tube shall be capable of withstanding
an internal hydrostatic pressure sufficient to produce a fiber stress of 6000 psi [41 MPa] without leakage. The tube need not be
subjected to a pressure gauge reading over 1000 psi [6.9 MPa] unless specifically stipulated in the contract or purchase order.
15.4 Pneumatic Pressure Test—When specified in the contract or purchase order, each tube shall be capable of withstanding an
internal air pressure of 60 psi [400 kPa], minimum, for 5 s without leakage.
16. Purchases for U.S. Government Agencies
16.1 When the contract or purchase order stipulates that the purchase is for an agency of the U.S. Government, the tubes
furnished shall conform to the conditions specified in the Supplementary Requirements of
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