ASTM D5304-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Assessing Middle Distillate Fuel Storage Stability by Oxygen Overpressure
Standard Test Method for Assessing Middle Distillate Fuel Storage Stability by Oxygen Overpressure
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The results of this test method are useful in ranking a specific fuel sample against other specific fuel samples or standards when tested under identical conditions. Specific fuel samples containing dispersant additives, such as dispersant-containing stability additives, have shown inaccurate ranking against fuel samples that do not contain dispersant additives using this test method.3 This test method is not meant to relate a specific fuel to specific field handling and storage conditions. The formation of insolubles is affected by the material present in the storage container and by the ambient conditions. Since this test method is conducted in glass under standardized conditions, the results from different fuels can be compared on a common basis.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for assessing the potential storage stability of middle distillate fuels such as Grade No. 1D and Grade No. 2D diesel fuels, in accordance with Specification D975.
1.2 This test method is applicable to either freshly refined fuels or fuels already in storage.
1.3 This test method is suitable for fuels containing stabilizer additives as well as fuels containing no such additives. However, fuels additized with dispersant additives, including dispersant-containing stability additives, may be ranked inaccurately using this test method compared to fuels that are not additized with dispersant additives.
1.4 Appendix X1 provides information on other suggested test times and temperatures for which this test method may be used.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 4.1, 6.2, 6.3, and 7.4.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5304 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Assessing Middle Distillate Fuel Storage Stability by
1
Oxygen Overpressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5304; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for assessing the
potential storage stability of middle distillate fuels such as D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (In-
duction Period Method)
Grade No. 1D and Grade No. 2D diesel fuels, in accordance
with Specification D975. D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
1.2 This test method is applicable to either freshly refined
Petroleum Products
fuels or fuels already in storage.
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
Fuels, and Lubricants
1.3 This test method is suitable for fuels containing stabi-
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
lizer additives as well as fuels containing no such additives.
Petroleum Products
However, fuels additized with dispersant additives, including
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
dispersant-containing stability additives, may be ranked inac-
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
curately using this test method compared to fuels that are not
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
additized with dispersant additives.
1.4 Appendix X1 provides information on other suggested
3. Terminology
test times and temperatures for which this test method may be
3.1 Definitions:
used.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, see
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Terminology D4175.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1.2 membrane filter, n—a porous article of closely con-
only.
trolled pore size through which a liquid is passed to separate
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the matter in suspension.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.1 oxygen overpressure, n—partial pressures of oxygen
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
higher than that of air at atmospheric pressure.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.2 potential storage stability, n—the tendency of a fuel to
For specific warning statements, see 4.1, 6.2, 6.3, and 7.4.
form insolubles under the conditions of this test method.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.2.3 reactor, n—any vessel capable of sustaining pressures
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
and temperatures above ambient, sometimes designated pres-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
sure vessel.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.2.4 weighing assembly, n—a set of two filters and two
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
aluminum weighing dishes used to determine total insolubles
for each sample or blank.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.14 on Stability, Cleanliness and Compatibility of Liquid Fuels. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2020. Published September 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D5304 – 15. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D5304-20. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5304 − 20
4. Summary of Test Method accommodate multiple sample or blank containers). The pres-
sure vessel(s) (reactor(s)) must be obtained only from com-
4.1 A 100 mL aliquot of filtered fuel is placed in a
mercial sources.
borosilicate glass container. The container is plac
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5304 − 15 D5304 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Assessing Middle Distillate Fuel Storage Stability by
1
Oxygen Overpressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5304; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for assessing the potential storage stability of middle distillate fuels such as Grade No.
1D and Grade No. 2D diesel fuels, in accordance with Specification D975.
1.2 This test method is applicable to either freshly refined fuels or fuels already in storage.
1.3 This test method is suitable for fuels containing stabilizer additives as well as fuels containing no such additives. However,
fuels additized with dispersant additives, including dispersant-containing stability additives, may be ranked inaccurately using this
test method compared to fuels that are not additized with dispersant additives.
1.4 Appendix X1 provides information on other suggested test times and temperatures for which this test method may be used.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 4.1, 6.2, 6.3, and 7.4.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.14 on Stability Stability, Cleanliness and CleanlinessCompatibility of Liquid Fuels.
Current edition approved April 1, 2015Sept. 1, 2020. Published May 2015September 2020. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20112015 as
D5304 – 11.D5304 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/D5304-15.10.1520/D5304-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5304 − 20
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, see Terminology D4175.
3.1.2 membrane filter, n—a porous article of closely controlled pore size through which a liquid is passed to separate matter in
suspension.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 oxygen overpressure, n—partial pressures of oxygen higher than that of air at atmospheric pressure.
3.2.2 potential storage stability, n—the tendency of a fuel to form insolubles under the conditions of this test method.
3.2.3 reactor, n—any vessel capable of sustaining pressures and temperatures above ambient, sometimes designated pressure
vessel.
3.2.4 weighing assembly, n—a set of two filters and two aluminum weighing dishes used to determine total insolubles for each
sample or blank.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A 100 mL aliquot of filtered fuel is
...
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