ASTM D7853-13(2020)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7853 − 13 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Method for
Hydraulic Pullout Resistance of a Geomembrane with
Locking Extensions Embedded in Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7853; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the hy-
Plastics Specimens
draulic pullout resistance of a geomembrane with locking
extensions embedded in concrete by determining the pressure
3. Terminology
required for locking extensions of the embedded specimen to
pullout of the concrete.
3.1 Definitions of terms applying to this test method appear
in Terminology D4439.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
4. Summary of Test Method
information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Ageomembrane with locking extensions on at least one
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the surface is embedded into concrete. The pullout resistance is
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
determined by measuring the maximum pressure required to
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- initiate pullout of the locking extensions from the concrete.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Alternatively, the geomembrane with locking extensions is
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- embeddedinconcreteandpressurizedtoaspecifiedpressureto
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
verify whether a minimum level of in-place strength has been
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the attained.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5. Significance and Use
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 Due to hydraulic pressure that may be present on some
applications, engineers need to understand the capability of
2. Referenced Documents
these products to resist this pressure.This test allows engineers
2.1 ASTM Standards:
to compare products and verify pullout strength.
A1064/A1064M Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and
5.2 Hydraulic pullout resistance is a function of locking
Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for
extension dimensions, locking extension geometry, locking
Concrete
extensions per area, locking extension polymer composition,
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
and the properties of the concrete in which the locking
Specimens in the Field
extensions are embedded.
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
drical Concrete Specimens
5.3 The data from this test method provides comparative
C94/C94M Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete
information for rating hydraulic pullout resistance of different
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
geomembranes with locking extensions embedded in concrete.
Hydraulic pullout resistance, while partly dependent on lock-
ing extension dimensions, has no simple correlation to locking
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
extension dimensions and geometry. Hence, hydraulic pullout
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.01 on Mechani-
cal Properties. resistance cannot be determined with a small sample without
Current edition approved June 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally
potentially producing misleading data to the actual hydraulic
approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7853 – 13. DOI:
pullout resistance of the material. Therefore, the hydraulic
10.1520/D7853-13R20.
pullout resistance is expressed in kPa (lb/ft ).
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.4 The apparatus can be circular or square in nature and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
2 2
the ASTM website. must have a test area of 0.36 m (558 in. ).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7853 − 13 (2020)
project-specific applications with the approval of the owner or engineer.
5.5 Fig. 1 shows an example of a circular test apparatus that
can be used in the performance of this test. The apparatus
5.12 All tests shall be conducted at standard laboratory
requires a pressure vessel rated to a minimum 690 kPa (14 410
temperatures of 23 6 2 °C (73.4 6 3.6 °F).
lb/ft ). The vessel test diameter should be a minimum of
677.04 mm (26.655 in.) as shown in Fig. 1.
6. Test Specimens
NOTE 1—Larger vessels may be used but it is up to user to establish 6.1 Cut the test specimens large enough to ensure a good
correlationtothestandardsizevessel.Theuseofasmallerdiametervessel
seal while maintaining a 677.04 mm (26.655 in.) diameter
than denoted in this standard may contribute to higher pullout resistance
testable specimen.
due to thickness or stiffness of some products.
6.2 Do not use test specimens with defects or any other
5.6 Test Pedestal—The base of the testing apparatus which
abnormalities, unless this is the item of interest.
holds the test specimen.
6.3 Test three replicate specimens on each sample unless
5.7 Upper Flange—Is the flange that is bolted down on top
otherwise noted.
of specimen to create a seal.
NOTE 3—This test may be used to test the seamed areas of different
5.8 Form—Is an aluminum ring used to form test specimen
products.
as shown in Fig. 2.
5.9 SpecimenRing—Thesolidringthatisplacedaroundtest 7. Preparation of Embedded Specimen
specimen to contain leakage through the concrete.
7.1 Geomembrane is placed in bottom of form with locking
5.10 The vessel will have a system to measure pressur
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