ASTM E870-82(1998)e1

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e1
Designation:E870–82 (Reapproved 1998)
Standard Test Methods for
Analysis of Wood Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 870; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Section 7 on Keywords was added editorially in April 1998.
1. Scope 3. Definitions
1.1 These test methods cover the proximate and ultimate 3.1 proximate analysis—an assay of the moisture, ash,
analysis of wood fuels and the determination of the gross volatile matter, and fixed carbon as determined by prescribed
caloric value of wood fuels sampled and prepared by pre- test methods. Other constituents such as sulfur and phosphorus
scribed test methods and analyzed according to ASTM estab- are not included.
lished procedures. Test methods as herein described may be 3.2 ultimate analysis—the determination of carbon and
used to establish the rank of fuels, to show the ratio of hydrogen in the material, as found in the gaseous products of
combustible to incombustible constituents, to provide the basis its complete combustion, the determination of sulfur, nitrogen,
for buying and selling, and to evaluate for beneficiation or for and ash in the material as a whole, and the calculation of
other purposes. oxygen by difference.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 These test methods of analysis described herein can be
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- used for the proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and the
determination of the gross caloric value of wood fuels.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents 5. Procedure
5.1 Moisture—Method E 871.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1102 Test Method for Ash in Wood 5.2 Ash—Test Method D 1102.
E711 Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Refuse- 5.3 Volatile Matter—Test Method E 872.
5.4 Fixed Carbon—The fixed carbon is a calculated value.
Derived Fuel By the Bomb Calorimeter
E 775 Test Methods for Total Sulfur in theAnalysis Sample Itistheresultantofthesummationofpercentagemoisture,ash,
and volatile matter subtracted from 100. All percentages shall
of Refuse-Derived Fuel
E 777 Test Method for Carbon and Hydrogen in theAnaly- be on the same moisture reference base.
5.5 Carbon and Hydrogen—Test Method E 777.
sis Sample of Refuse-Derived Fuel
E 778 Test Methods for Nitrog
...