ASTM E870-82(2019)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E870 − 82 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Methods for
Analysis of Wood Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E870; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E778 Test Methods for Nitrogen in Refuse-Derived Fuel
Analysis Samples
1.1 These test methods cover the proximate and ultimate
E871 Test Method for Moisture Analysis of Particulate
analysis of wood fuels and the determination of the gross
Wood Fuels
caloric value of wood fuels sampled and prepared by pre-
E872 Test Method for Volatile Matter in the Analysis of
scribed test methods and analyzed according to ASTM estab-
Particulate Wood Fuels
lished procedures. Test methods as herein described may be
used to establish the rank of fuels, to show the ratio of
3. Terminology
combustible to incombustible constituents, to provide the basis
for buying and selling, and to evaluate for beneficiation or for
3.1 proximate analysis—an assay of the moisture, ash,
other purposes.
volatile matter, and fixed carbon as determined by prescribed
test methods. Other constituents such as sulfur and phosphorus
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
are not included.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2 ultimate analysis—the determination of carbon and
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
hydrogen in the material, as found in the gaseous products of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
its complete combustion, the determination of sulfur, nitrogen,
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
and ash in the material as a whole, and the calculation of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
oxygen by difference.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4. Significance and Use
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1 These test methods of analysis described herein can be
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
used for the proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and the
determination of the gross caloric value of wood fuels.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Procedure
D1102 Test Method for Ash in Wood
E711 Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Refuse-
5.1 Moisture—Test Method E871.
Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter (Withdrawn
5.2 Ash—Test Method D1102.
2011)
5.3 Volatile Matter—Test Method E872.
E775 Test Methods for Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample
of Refuse-Derived Fuel
5.4 Fixed Carbon—Thefixedcarbonisacalculatedvalue.It
E777 Test Method for Carbon and Hydrogen in theAnalysis
is the resultant of the
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