ASTM B164-03(2019)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:B164 −03 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, and Wire
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B164; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
2 terials
1.1 This specification covers nickel-copper alloys UNS
3 E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
N04400 and N04405 in the form of hot-worked and cold-
Determine Conformance with Specifications
worked rod and bar in the conditions shown in Table 1 and
E76 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-Copper
cold-worked wire in the conditions shown in Table 2.
Alloys (Withdrawn 2003)
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
E140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Sclero-
and are not considered standard.
scope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel, Co-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the balt and High-Temperature Alloys
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2.2 Military Standards:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
MIL-STD-271 Nondestructive Testing Requirements for
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Metals
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3. Terminology
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.1 bar, n—material of rectangular (flats), hexagonal, or
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
square solid section up to and including 10 in. (254 mm) in
width and ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) and over in thickness in straight
2. Referenced Documents
lengths.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.2 rod, n—material of round solid section furnished in
B127 Specification for Nickel-CopperAlloy (UNS N04400)
straight lengths.
Plate, Sheet, and Strip
B880 Specification for General Requirements for Chemical
3.1.3 wire, n—a cold-worked solid product of uniform
Check Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys and
round cross section along its whole length, supplied in coiled
Cobalt Alloys
form.
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
NOTE1—Hot-workedrectangularbarinwidths10in.andundermaybe
terials
furnished as hot-rolled plate with sheared or cut edges in accordance with
Specification B127, provided the mechanical property requirements of
Specification B164 are met.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
B02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
4. Ordering Information
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally
approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as B164 – 03 (2014). 4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
DOI: 10.1520/B0164-03R19.
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
cation SB-164 in Section II of that Code.
New designations established in accordance withASTM E527 and SAE J1086,
Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or www.astm.org.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. www.dodssp.daps.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B164−03 (2019)
TABLE 1 Mechanical Properties of Rod and Bar
Elongation
Yield Strength
Condition and Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Tensile Strength in 2 in. or 50 Rockwell Hard-
A
(0.2 % offset)
Surfaces, in. (mm) min, psi (MPa) mm (or 4D), ness (or equivalent)
min. psi (MPa)
min, %
UNS N04400
Cold-worked (as worked):
B
Rounds under ⁄2 (12.7) 110 000 (760) 85 000 (585) 8 —
B
Squares, hexagons, and rectangles under ⁄2 (12.7) 85 000 (585) 55 000 (380) 10 —
Cold-worked (stress-relieved):
B
Rounds under ⁄2 (12.7) 84 000 (580) 50 000 (345) 10 —
1 1
Rounds, ⁄2 to 3 ⁄2 (12.7 to 88.9), incl 87 000 (600) 60 000 (415) 20 —
Rounds, over 3 ⁄2 to 4 (88.9 to 101.6), incl 84 000 (580) 55 000 (380) 20
B,C
Squares, hexagons and rectangles, 2 (50.8) and under 84 000 (580) 50 000 (345) 20 —
Squares, hexagons and rectangles, over 2 (50.8) to 80 000 (552) 50 000 (345) 20 —
3 ⁄8 (79.4), incl
Hot-worked (as worked or stress-relieved):
D
Rounds, squares, and rectangles up to 12 (305), 80 000 (552) 40 000 (276) 30 —
incl, and hexagons 2 ⁄8 (54) and under
Rounds, squares, and rectangles over 12 (305) to 14 75 000 (517) 40 000 (276) 30 —
(356), incl
Hexagons over 2 ⁄8 (54) to 4 (102), incl 75 000 (517) 30 000 (207) 25 —
Rings and disks — — — B75 to B95
Hot-worked (annealed) or cold-worked (annealed):
Rod and bar, all sizes 70 000 (480) 25 000 (170) 35 —
Rings and disks — — — B60 to B75
E
Forging quality:
All sizes — — — —
UNS N04405
Cold-worked (as worked or stress-relieved):
B
Rounds, under ⁄2 (12.7) 85 000 (585) 50 000 (345) 8 —
Rounds, ⁄2 (12.7) to 3 (76.2), incl 85 000 (585) 50 000 (345) 15 —
Rounds, over 3 (76.2) to 4 (101.6), incl 80 000 (552) 50 000 (345) 15 —
B,C
Hexagons and squares 2 (50.8) and under 85 000 (585) 50 000 (345) 15 —
Hexagons and squares over 2 (50.8) to 3 ⁄8 (79.4), incl 80 000 (552) 45 000 (310) 15 —
Hot-worked (as hot-worked or stress-relieved):
Rounds 3 (76.2) and less 75 000 (517) 35 000 (241) 30 —
Hexagons and squares, 2 ⁄8 (54) and less 75 000 (517) 35 000 (241) 30 —
Hexagons and squares, over 2 ⁄8 (54) to 4 (101.6), incl 70 000 (480) 30 000 (207) 25 —
Hot-worked (annealed) or cold-worked (annealed):
Rod and Bar, All sizes 70 000 (480) 25 000 (170) 35
A
See 12.2.
B
Not applicable to diameters or cross sections under ⁄32 in. (2.4 mm).
C
For sections under ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm), the elongation shall be 10 % min.
D 5
For hot-worked flats ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm) and under in thickness the elongation shall be 20 % min.
E
Forging quality is furnished to chemical requirements and surface inspection only. No tensile properties are required.
A
TABLE 2 Mechanical Properties of Cold-Worked Wire in Coil
Tensile Strength, psi (MPa)
Alloy Condition and Size, in. (mm) Wrapping Test
Min Max
UNS N04400 and N04405:
Annealed, all sizes 70 000 (483) 85 000 (586) All wire shall wrap around a rod of the
No. 0 temper, under ⁄2 (12.7) 80 000 (552) 95 000 (655) same diameter as the wire without
No. 1 temper, under ⁄2 (12.7) 90 000 (621) 110 000 (758) cracking
UNS N04400:
Regular temper, under ⁄2 (12.7) 110 000 (758) 140 000 (965) All wire up to 0.2294 in. (5.84 mm),
Regular temper, ⁄2 (12.7) and over 90 000 (621) 130 000 (896) inclusive, shall wrap around a rod of
Spring temper the same diameter as the wire without
0.028 (0.71) and less 165 000 (1138) . cracking. Wire over 0.2294 in.
Over 0.028 (0.71) to 0.057 (1.45), 160 000 (1103) . diameter shall wrap around a rod of
incl twice the wire diameter without
Over 0.057 (1.45) to 0.114 (2.90), 150 000 (1034) . cracking.
incl
Over 0.114 (2.90) to 0.312 (7.92), 140 000 (965) .
incl
Over 0.312 (7.92) to 0.375 (9.53), 135 000 (931)
incl
Over 0.375 (9.53) to 0.500 (12.7), 130 000 (896) .
incl
Over 0.500 (12.7) to 0.563 (14.3), 120 000 (827) .
incl
A
Properties are not applicable to wire after straightening and cutting.
B164−03 (2019)
specification. Examples of such requirements include, but are diameter shown in Table 5. Wire shall not be out-of-round by
not limited to, the following: more than one-half the total permissible variations shown in
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue. Table 6.
4.1.2 UNS number.
7.3 Corners—Cold-worked bars will have practically exact
4.1.3 Section—Rod (round) or bar (square, hexagonal, or
angles and sharp corners.
rectangular) or wire (round).
7.4 Machining Allowances for Hot-Worked Materials—
4.1.4 Dimensions—Dimensions including length.
When the surfaces of hot-worked products are to be machined,
4.1.5 Condition.
the allowances prescribed in Table 7 are recommended for
4.1.6 Finish.
normal machining operations.
4.1.7 Quantity—Feet or number of pieces.
4.1.8 Certification—State if certification is required.
7.5 Length—The permissible variations in length of cold-
4.1.9 Samples for Product (Check) Analysis—State whether worked and hot-worked rod and bar shall be as prescribed in
samples for product (check) analysis should be furnished.
Table 8.
4.1.10 Purchaser Inspection—If purchaser wishes to wit- 7.5.1 Rods and bars ordered to random or nominal lengths
ness tests or inspection of material at place of manufacture, the will be furnished with either cropped or saw-cut ends; material
purchase order must so state indicating which test or inspec-
ordered to cut lengths will be furnished with square saw-cut or
tions are to be witnessed. machined ends.
7.6 Straightness:
5. Chemical Composition
7.6.1 The permissible variations in straightness of cold-
5.1 The material shall conform to the composition limits
worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from
specified in Table 3.
straightness shall be as prescribed in Table 9.
7.6.2 The permissible variations in straightness of
5.2 If a product (check) analysis is performed by the
precision-straightened, cold-worked rod as determined by the
purchaser, the material shall conform to the product (check)
departure from straightness shall be as prescribed in Table 10.
analysis variations in Specification B880.
7.6.2.1 In determining straightness in the standard 42-in.
6. Mechanical Properties
(1.07-m) distance between supports or, when specified, in
determining straightness in lengths not in excess of those
6.1 Mechanical Properties—The material shall conform to
shown in Table 10, the rod shall be placed on a precision table
the mechanical properties specified in Table 1 for rod or bar, or
equipped with ball-bearing rollers and a micrometer or dial
in Table 2 for wire.
indicator. The rod shall then be rotated slowly against the
indicator, and the deviation from straightness in any portion of
7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
the rod between the supports shall not exceed the permissible
7.1 Diameter, Thickness, or Width—The permissible varia-
variations prescribed in Table 10. The deviation from straight-
tions from the specified dimensions as measured on the
ness (throw in one revolution) is defined as the difference
diameter or between parallel surfaces of cold-worked rod and
between the maximum and minimum readings of the dial
barshallbeasprescribedinTable4,andofhot-workedrodand
indicator in one complete revolution of the rod.
bar as prescribed in Table 5. The permissible variations in
7.6.3 The permissible variations in straightness of hot-
diameter of cold-worked wire shall be as prescribed in Table 6.
worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from
7.2 Out-of-Round—Hot-worked rods and cold-worked rods
straightness shall be as specified in Table 11.
(except“forgingquality”)allsizes,instraightlengths,shallnot
8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
be out-of-round by more than one half the total permissible
variations in diameter shown in Table 4 and Table 5, except for
8.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and condition,
hot-workedrods ⁄2in.(12.7mm)indiameterandunder,which
smooth, commercially straight or flat, and free of injurious
may be out-of-round by the total permissible variations in
imperfections.
9. Sampling
TABLE 3 Chemical Requirements
9.1 Lot—Definition:
Composition Limits, %
9.1.1 A lot for chemical analysis shall consist of one heat.
Element
UNS UNS
9.1.2 Alot for mechanical properties testing shall consist of
N04400 N04405
all material from the same heat, nominal diameter or thickness,
A
Nickel 63.0 min 63.0 min
and condition.
Copper 28.0 min 28.0 min
9.1.2.1 Where material cannot be identified by heat, a lot
34.0 max 34.0 max
Iron 2.5 max 2.5 max
shallconsistofnotmorethan500lb(227kg)ofmaterialinthe
Manganese 2.0 max 2.0 max
same size and condition.
Carbon 0.3 max 0.3 max
Silicon 0.5 max 0.5 max
9.2 Test Material Selection:
Sulfur 0.024 max 0.025 min
9.2.1 Chemical Analysis—Representative samples from
0.060 max
A each lot shall be taken during pouring or subsequent process-
Element shall be determined arithmetically by difference.
ing.
B164−03 (2019)
TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Surfaces of Cold-Worked Rod and Bar
Permissible Variations from Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
A
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
+−
Rounds:
1 3
⁄16 (1.6) to ⁄16 (4.8), excl 0 0.002 (0.05)
(4.8) to ⁄2 (12.7), excl 0 0.003 (0.08)
1 15
⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄16 (23.8), incl 0.001 (0.03) 0.002 (0.05)
15 15
over ⁄16 (23.8) to 1 ⁄16 (49.2), incl 0.0015 (0.04) 0.003 (0.08)
15 1
over 1 ⁄16 (49.2) to 2 ⁄2 (63.5), incl 0.002 (0.05) 0.004 (0.10)
over 2 ⁄2 (63.5) to 3 (76.2), incl 0.0025 (0.06) 0.005 (0.13)
over 3 (76.2) to 3 ⁄2 (88.9), incl 0.003 (0.08) 0.006 (0.15)
over 3 ⁄2 (88.9) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.0035 (0.09) 0.007 (0.18)
Hexagons, squares, rectangles:
⁄2 (12.7) and less 0 0.004 (0.10)
1 7
over ⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄8 (22.2), incl 0 0.005 (0.13)
7 1
over ⁄8 (22.2) to 1 ⁄4 (31.8), incl 0 0.007 (0.18)
1 1
over 1 ⁄4 (31.8) to 2 ⁄4 (57.2), incl 0 0.009 (0.23)
over 2 ⁄4 (57.2) to 3 (76.2), incl 0 0.011 (0.28)
over 3 (76.2) to 3 ⁄2 (88.9), incl 0 0.015 (0.38)
over 3 ⁄2 (88.9) to 4 (101.6), incl 0 0.017 (0.43)
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rounds, to distance between parallel surfaces of hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
TABLE 5 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Surfaces of Hot-Worked Rod and Bar
Permissible Variations from Specified Dimensions, in. (mm)
A
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
+−
Rod and bar, hot-worked:
1 (25.4) and under 0.016 (0.41) 0.016 (0.41)
over 1 (25.4) to 2 (50.8), incl 0.031 (0.79) 0.016 (0.41)
over 2 (50.8) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.047 (1.19) 0.031 (0.79)
over 4 (101.6) 0.125 (3.18) 0.063 (1.60)
Rod, rough-turned or ground:
under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
B
Forging quality rod:
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between parallel surfaces of hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
B
Spot grinding is permitted to remove minor surface imperfections. The depth of these spot-ground areas shall not exceed 3 % of the diameter of the rod.
TABLE 6 Permissible Variations in Diameter of Cold-Worked Wire
10.4 Wrapping—One test per lot.
Permissible Variations,
Diameter, in. (mm)
in.(mm),±
11. Specimen Preparation
Under 0.0044 (0.11) 0.0002 (0.005)
0.0044 (0.11) to 0.0079 (0.20), incl 0.00025 (0.006) 11.1 Tension test specimens shall be taken from material in
Over 0.0079 (0.20) to 0.0149 (0.38), incl 0.0003 (0.008)
the final condition and tested in the direction of fabrication.
Over 0.0149 (0.38) to 0.0199 (0.51), incl 0.0004 (0.010)
11.1.1 All rod, bar, and wire shall be tested in full cross-
Over 0.0199 (0.51) to 0.031 (0.79), incl 0.0005 (0.013)
Over 0.031 (0.79) to 0.045 (1.14), incl 0.0006 (0.015)
section size when possible. When a full cross-section size test
Over 0.045 (1.14) to 0.079 (2.01), incl 0.0007 (0.018)
cannot be performed, the largest possible round specimen
Over 0.079 (2.01) to 0.1875 (4.76), incl 0.001 (0.025)
shown in Test Methods E8/E8M shall be used. Longitudinal
Over 0.1875 (4.76) to 0.3125 (7.93), incl 0.002 (0.051)
Over 0.3125 (7.93) 0.003 (0.076)
strip specimens shall be prepared in accordance with Test
Methods E8/E8M for rectangular bar up to ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm),
inclusive, in thicknesses that are too wide to be pulled full size.
9.2.1.1 Product (check) analysis shall be wholly the respon-
11.2 Hardnesstestspecimensshallbetakenfrommaterialin
sibility of the purchaser.
the final condition.
9.2.2 Mechanical Properties—Samples of the material to
11.3 In order that the hardness determinations may be in
providetestspecimensformechanicalpropertiesshallbetaken
reasonably close agreement, the following procedure is sug-
from such locations in each lot as to be representative of that
gested:
lot.
11.3.1 For rod and wire under ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter,
hardness readings shall be taken on a flat surface prepared by
10. Number of Tests
filing or grinding approximately ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) from the
10.1 Chemical Analysis—One test per lot.
outside surface of the rod.
10.2 Tension—One test per lot.
11.3.2 Forrodandwire ⁄2in.indiameterandlarger,andfor
10.3 Hardness—One test per lot. hexagonal, square, and rectangular bar, all sizes, hardness
B164−03 (2019)
TABLE 7 Normal Machining Allowances for Hot-Worked Material
Normal Machining Allowance, in. (mm)
Finished-Machined Dimensions for
Distance Between
For Rectangular Bar
Finishes as Indicated Below in.
On Diameter, for Parallel Surfaces,
A
(mm)
Rods for Hexagonal and
On Thickness On Width
Square Bar
B
Hot-worked:
7 1 1 1 3
Up to ⁄8 (22.2), incl ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8)
7 7 1 3 1 3
Over ⁄8 to 1 ⁄8 (22.2 to 47.6), incl ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8)
7 7 3 1 3
Over 1 ⁄8 to 2 ⁄8 (47.6 to 73.0), incl ⁄16 (4.8) ⁄4 (6.4) — ⁄16 (4.8)
7 13 1 3
Over 2 ⁄8 to 3 ⁄16 (73.0 to 96.8), incl ⁄4 (6.4) — — ⁄16 (4.8)
13 1 3
Over 3 ⁄16 (96.8) ⁄4 (6.4) — — ⁄8 (9.5)
Hot-worked rods:
C
Rough-turned or rough-ground:
15 1
⁄16 to 4 (23.8 to 101.6), incl, in diameter ⁄16 (1.6) — — —
Over 4 to 12 (101.6 to 304.8), incl, in diameter ⁄8 (3.2) — — —
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between parallel surfaces of hexagonal and square bar, and separately to width and thickness of rectangular bar.
B
The allowances for hot-worked material in Table 5 are recommended for rods machined in lengths of 3 ft (0.91 m) or less and for bars machined in lengths of 2 ft (0.61
m) or less. Hot-worked material to be machined in longer lengths should be specified showing the finished cross-sectional dimension and the length in which the material
will be machined in order that the manufacturer may supply material with sufficient oversize, including allowance for out-of-straightness.
C
Applicable to 3 ft (0.91 m) max length.
TABLE 8 Permissible Variations in Length of Rods and Bars
Random mill lengths:
A
Hot-worked 6 to 24 ft (1.83 to 7.31 m) long with not more than 25 weight % between 6 and 9 ft (1.83 and 2.74 m)
Cold-worked 6 to 20 ft (1.83 to 6.1 m) long with not more than 25 weight % between 6 and 10 ft (1.83 and 3.0
...