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ASTM E2280-03e1

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Fire Hazard Assessment of the Effect of Upholstered Seating Furniture Within Patient Rooms of Health Care Facilities

Standard Guide for Fire Hazard Assessment of the Effect of Upholstered Seating Furniture Within Patient Rooms of Health Care Facilities

SCOPE
1.1 This is a guide to developing fire hazard assessments for upholstered seating furniture, within patient rooms of health care occupancies. As such, it provides methods and contemporary fire safety engineering techniques to develop a fire hazard assessment for use in specifications for upholstered seating furniture in such occupancies.
1.2 Hazard assessment is an estimation of the potential severity of the fires that can develop with certain products in defined scenarios, once the incidents have occurred. Hazard assessment does not address the likelihood of a fire occurring, but is based on the premise that an ignition has occurred.
1.3 Because it is a guide, this document cannot be used for regulation, nor does it give definitive instructions on how to conduct a fire hazard assessment.
1.4 This guide is intended to provide assistance to those interested in mitigating the potential damage from fires associated with upholstered furniture in patient rooms in health care occupancies.
1.5 Thus, this guide can be used to help assess the fire hazard of materials, assemblies, or systems intended for use in upholstered furniture, by providing a standard basis for studying the level of fire safety associated with certain design choices. It can also aid those interested in designing features appropriate to health care occupancies. Finally, it may be useful to safety personnel in health care occupancies.
1.6 This guide is a focused application of Guide E 1546, which offers help in reference to fire scenarios that are specific to upholstered furniture in health care occupancies, and includes an extensive bibliography. It differs from Guide E 1546 in that it offers guidance that is specific to the issue of upholstered furniture in patient rooms of health care facilities, rather than general guidance. includes some statistics on the magnitude of the potential problem in the U.S.
1.7 A fire hazard assessment conducted in accordance with this guide is strongly dependent on the limitations in the factors described in .
1.7.1 Input data (including their precision or accuracy).
1.7.2 Appropriate test procedures.
1.7.3 Fire models or calculation procedures that are simultaneously relevant, accurate and appropriate.
1.7.4 Advancement of scientific knowledge.
1.8 This guide addresses specific fire scenarios which begin inside or outside of the patient room. However, the upholstered furniture under consideration is inside the patient room.
1.9 The fire scenarios used for this hazard assessment guide are described in . They involve the upholstered furniture item within the patient room as the first or second item ignited, in terms of the room of fire origin. Additionally, consideration should be given to the effect of the patient room upholstered furniture item on the tenability of occupants of rooms other than the room of fire origin, and on that of potential rescuers.
1.10 This guide does not claim to address all fires that can occur in patient rooms in health care occupancies. In particular, fires with more severe initiating conditions than those assumed in the analysis may pose more severe fire hazard than that calculated using this guide (see also ).
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.11 This fire standard cannot be used to provide quantitative measures.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Mar-2003
ICS
11.140 - Hospital equipment
13.220.20 - Fire protection
Technical Committee
E05 - Fire Standards
Drafting Committee
E05.15 - Furnishings and Contents
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E2280-03 - Standard Guide for Fire Hazard Assessment of the Effect of Upholstered Seating Furniture Within Patient Rooms of Health Care Facilities
Effective Date
10-Mar-2003
Replaced By
ASTM E2280-09 - Standard Guide for Fire Hazard Assessment of the Effect of Upholstered Seating Furniture Within Patient Rooms of Health Care Facilities
Effective Date
01-Jan-2009
Referred By
ASTM E176-21ae1 - Standard Terminology of Fire Standards
Effective Date
10-Mar-2003
Referred By
ASTM E1546-21 - Standard Guide for Development of Fire-Hazard-Assessment Standards
Effective Date
10-Mar-2003

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ASTM E2280-03e1 - Standard Guide for Fire Hazard Assessment of the Effect of Upholstered Seating Furniture Within Patient Rooms of Health Care FacilitiesASTM E2280-03e1 - Standard Guide for Fire Hazard Assessment of the Effect of Upholstered Seating Furniture Within Patient Rooms of Health Care Facilities
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ASTM E2280-03e1 - Standard Guide for Fire Hazard Assessment of the Effect of Upholstered Seating Furniture Within Patient Rooms of Health Care Facilities
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
e1
Designation:E2280–03
Standard Guide for
Fire Hazard Assessment of the Effect of Upholstered
Seating Furniture Within Patient Rooms of Health Care
1
Facilities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2280; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—The safety hazards caveat was added in October 2004.
INTRODUCTION
The traditional approach to codes and standards is the specification of individual fire-test-response
requirements for each material, component or product placed in a certain environment and deemed
important to ensure fire safety. This practice has been in place for so long that it gives a significant
level of comfort: a manufacturers knows what is required to comply with the specifications and
specifiers apply the requirements. Implicit assumptions, not stated, are that the use of the prescribed
requirements ensures an adequate level of safety. There is no need to impose any change on those
manufacturers who supply safe systems meeting existing prescriptive requirements. However, as new
materials and products are developed, manufacturers, designers, and specifiers often desire the
flexibility to choose how the overall safety requirements are to be met. Thus, it is the responsibility
of the developer of an alternative approach to state explicitly the assumptions being made to produce
the output. The way to generate explicit and valid assumptions is to provide a performance-based
approach, based on test methods providing data in engineering units, suitable for use in fire safety
engineering calculations, as this guide provides. The resulting fire hazard assessment focuses on
upholstered seating furniture items within patient rooms in health care occupancies. This requires
developing the fire scenarios to be considered and the effect of all contents and design considerations
within the patient room which are potentially able to affect the resulting fire hazard. This offers
opportunities for innovation, and ingenuity, without compromising safety.
1. Scope 1.4 This guide is intended to provide assistance to those
interested in mitigating the potential damage from fires asso-
1.1 Thisis a guidetodevelopingfirehazardassessments for
ciatedwithupholsteredfurnitureinpatientroomsinhealthcare
upholstered seating furniture, within patient rooms of health
occupancies.
care occupancies. As such, it provides methods and contem-
1.5 Thus, this guide can be used to help assess the fire
porary fire safety engineering techniques to develop a fire
hazard of materials, assemblies, or systems intended for use in
hazard assessment for use in specifications for upholstered
upholstered furniture, by providing a standard basis for study-
seating furniture in such occupancies.
ing the level of fire safety associated with certain design
1.2 Hazard assessment is an estimation of the potential
choices. It can also aid those interested in designing features
severity of the fires that can develop with certain products in
appropriate to health care occupancies. Finally, it may be
defined scenarios, once the incidents have occurred. Hazard
useful to safety personnel in health care occupancies.
assessment does not address the likelihood of a fire occurring,
1.6 This guide is a focused application of Guide E 1546,
but is based on the premise that an ignition has occurred.
which offers help in reference to fire scenarios that are specific
1.3 Because it is a guide, this document cannot be used for
to upholstered furniture in health care occupancies, and in-
regulation, nor does it give definitive instructions on how to
cludes an extensive bibliography. It differs from Guide E 1546
conduct a fire hazard assessment.
in that it offers guidance that is specific to the issue of
upholstered furniture in patient rooms of health care facilities,
1
ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE05onFireStandards
rather than general guidance. Appendix X11 includes some
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.15 on Furnishings and
statistics on the magnitude of the potential problem in the U.S.
Contents.
Current edition approved March 10, 2003. Published June 2003.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
e1
E2280–03
1.7 A fire hazard assessment conducted in accordance with E 1472 GuideforDocumentingComputerSoftwareforFire
thisguideisstronglydependentonthelimitationsinthefactors Models
described in 1.7.1-1.7.4. E 1474 Test Method for Determining the Heat Rele
...

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4.1 This guide is intended for use by those undertaking the development of fire hazard assessments for upholstered seating furniture in health care occupancies.  
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1.1 This is a guide to developing fire hazard assessments for upholstered seating furniture, within patient rooms of health care occupancies. As such, it provides methods and contemporary fire safety engineering techniques to develop a fire hazard assessment for use in specifications for upholstered seating furniture in such occupancies.  
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1.2 Hazard assessment is an estimation of the potential severity of the fires that can develop with certain products in defined scenarios, once the incidents have occurred. Hazard assessment does not address the likelihood of a fire occurring, but is based on the premise that an ignition has occurred.  
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This specification covers UNS N06002, UNS N06030, UNS N06035, UNS N06022, UNS N06200, UNS N06230, UNS N06600, UNS N06617, UNS N06625, UNS N08020, UNS N08026, UNS N08024, UNS N08120, UNS N08926, UNS N08367, UNS N10242, UNS N10276, UNS N10665, UNS N10675, UNS N12160, UNS R20033, UNS N06059, UNS N06686, UNS N10629, UNS N08031, UNS N06045, UNS N06025, and UNS R30556 nickel alloy billets and bars for reforging. The products shall be hot worked from ingots by rolling, forging, extruding, hammering, or pressing. The material shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed by the reference material. The chemical composition of the material shall be determined by chemical analysis in accordance with test method E1473.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers UNS N06002, UNS N06030, UNS N06035, UNS N06022, UNS N06200, UNS N10362, UNS N06230, UNS N06600, UNS N06617, UNS N06625, UNS N08020, UNS N08026, UNS N08024, UNS N08120, UNS N08926, UNS N08367, UNS N10242, UNS N10276, UNS N10665, UNS N10675, UNS N12160, UNS R20033, UNS N06059, UNS N06686, UNS N10629, UNS N08031, UNS N06045, UNS N06025, UNS N06699, and UNS R305562 billets and bars for reforging.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
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  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off