ASTM D6072/D6072M-19e1

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D6072/D6072M − 19
Standard Practice for
Obtaining Samples of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6072/D6072M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—5.1.3 was corrected editorially in July 2023.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This practice covers procedures for sampling geosyn- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
thetic clay liners (GCLs) for the purpose of laboratory testing. D4220/D4220M Practices for Preserving and Transporting
These procedures are designed to ensure that representative Soil Samples (Withdrawn 2023)
samples are obtained and properly packaged for submittal to a D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and Rolled
testing laboratory. Erosion Control Products (RECPs) for Testing
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
1.2 The procedures in this practice may be applied to either
D5888 Guide for Storage and Handling of Geosynthetic
samples of unhydrated GCLs obtained at the project site prior
Clay Liners
to installation (or at the production facility, prior to shipment to
the project site) or samples exhumed from a project site after
3. Terminology
installation.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 It is assumed that the number of samples to be obtained
3.1.1 geosynthetic clay liner (GCL), n—a manufactured
has already been determined in the project specification,
hydraulic barrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layers
standard test method, or by prior agreement between the
of geosynthetics.
purchaser and seller. This practice covers only the methods for
3.1.2 sample, n—a portion of a material which is taken for
obtaining a pre-arranged number of samples and does not
testing or for record purposes (see Practice D4354).
describe methods for obtaining individual specimens from the
sample.
3.1.3 specimen, n—a specific portion of a material or
laboratory sample upon which a test is performed or which is
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
taken for that purpose (see Practice D4354).
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
3.2 For definitions of other geosynthetic terms used in this
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
practice, refer to Terminology D4439.
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the standard.
4. Significance and Use
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 This practice provides a procedure by which samples of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
GCL should be obtained for laboratory testing. The practice
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
applies to materials obtained prior to installation (either at a job
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
site or at a production facility) or exhumed material after
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
installation.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.2 Only GCL samples obtained in accordance with 5.1 of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
this practice will be considered representative of the actual
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
manufactured GCL for quality assurance/quality control (QA/
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
QC) purposes.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosyn- For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
thetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Clay Liners. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2019. Published January 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D6072/D6072M – 18. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D6072_D6072M-19E01. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D6072/D6072M − 19
4.3 The quantity of GCL received by the laboratory should 5.1.10 At least two layers of plastic sheeting shall be used to
be sufficient for the preparation of several representative test wrap the GCL sample roll for shipment to the laboratory, so as
specimens for the standardized physical, hydraulic, and me- to minimize GCL sample disturbance or changes in moisture
chanical tests to be performed on the GCLs. content. A thin cellophane material may be used for the inner
wrapping, provided it is wound securely and repeatedly around
4.4 The procedures in this practice should be used by plant
the rolled sample. The outer sheeting shall be at least 0.15 mm
and field personnel for obtaining GCL samples for laboratory
[6 mils] in thickness and shall be wrapped to minimize the
testing.
amount of GCL shifting within the wrapping.
5.1.11 To ensure proper sample chain-of-custody tracking,
5. Procedure
all shipping documents shall indicate the sample number,
5.1 Obtaining Samples Prior to Installation:
project name and contact, and laboratory name and contact.
5.1.1 In accordance with the project specifications or with
5.1.12 If an additional sample from the same GCL roll is
Practice D4354, divide the shipment or other given quantity of
required for testing, 5.1.6 – 5.1.10 of this practice may be
GCL into lots, and select lot and laboratory samples. This will
repeated on the exposed end of the roll until a sufficient amount
usually involve the selection of a certain number of finished
of GCL is obtained.
GCL rolls from which samples will be cut.
NOTE 2—Additional material cut from the same roll is still considered
5.1.2 Affix on the packaging of the GCL rolls to be sampled
part of the same sample, and therefore should not be designated any
adhesive labels or other markings which clearly identify that
differently than those samples previously obtained from the same roll.
the roll is to be sampled.
5.1.13 Samples should be transmitted to the laboratory in a
5.1.3 Record the label information from each roll to be
manner that minimizes the amount of elapsed time, sample
sampled into the quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC)
handling, and disturbances (such as moisture, vibration,
documentation for the GCL.
impact, etc.) that could occur in transit. Expedited delivery will
5.1.4 Segregate the rolls identified for sampling. Refer to
help to ensure that moisture content changes are minimized.
Guide D5888 for the proper equipment and techniques for
handling the GCL rolls.
NOTE 3—These packaging procedures were developed under the
5.1.5 Inspect the packaging of the selected GCL rolls for
assumption that the area from which specimens are obtained is at least
75 mm from the edges of the sample.
damage. Describe and record the damage, if any.
5.1.6 Remove the outer packaging from the GCL as care-
5.2 Exhuming Samples After Installation:
fully as possible, taking precautions not to damage the GCL
5.2.1 There are two methods for exhuming GCL samples.
and to preserve the packaging as much as possible for re-use
Method A is the suggested method for multi-component GCLs
after sampling is completed.
or GCLs covered with a geomembrane. Method B is the
5.1.7 Obtain samples from the selected GCL rolls prior to
suggested method when there is no multi-component GCL nor
deployment. If cut on a surface, the surface on which the GCL
is the GCL covered with a geomembrane, although Method A
is cut shall be dry, clean, smooth, hard, and free of irregularities
can be used in cases where larger samples are required.
and potential contaminants. Samples shall be obtained by
5.2.2 Method A – Hand Cutting Method:
cutting across the full width of the roll, perpendicular to the
5.2.2.1 Using a small backhoe or other piece of construction
edges. Samples shall be cut with a sharp utility knife or other
equipment, carefully excavate a hole at the desired location
implement capable of making a clean, straight cut through all
down to within hand shoveling distance of approximately
components of the GCL. When cutting a sample from a roll, do
150 mm [6 in.] of the GCL. Once cover removal begins,
not sample the first 1.0 m [3.0 ft] or the last 1.0 m [3.0 ft] of
machinery should not be placed in the area to be exhumed. To
the roll. For large-diameter rolls, scrapping the initial 1.0-m
minimize stress on GCL, within 150 mm [6 in.] of the GCL,
[3.0-ft] length from the roll may not be enough. As such,
the overlying soil should be removed by hand and any
samples should exclude material from the entire length of the
overlying geosynthetics shall be cut by hand. Measure the
outermost layer of the roll.
depth of the cover soil, as well as the inclination and direction
NOTE 1—At the discretion of the engineer, shorter or narrower samples,
of inclination; for example, south, east, west, north.
or both, may be obtained provided that the packaging procedur
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