ASTM D4354-12(2020)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4354 − 12 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Practice for
Sampling of Geosynthetics and Rolled Erosion Control
Products (RECPs) for Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4354; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4271 Practice for Writing Statements on Sampling in Test
Methods for Textiles (Withdrawn 2009)
1.1 This practice covers three procedures for the sampling
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
of geosynthetics and rolled erosion control products (RECPs)
for testing. This practice requires that instructions on taking
3. Terminology
laboratory samples and test specimens be part of every test
3.1 Definitions:
method for geosynthetics.
3.1.1 geosynthetic, n—a planar product manufactured from
1.1.1 The first procedure describes the sampling of produc-
polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other geo-
tion units for the purpose of manufacturer’s quality control
technical engineering related material as an integral part of a
(MQC) (Table 1).
man-made project, structure, or system.
1.1.2 The second procedure describes the sampling of
3.1.2 lot, n—a unit of production, or a group of other units
production units for the purpose of manufacturer’s quality
assurance (MQA) testing during the manufacturing process. or packages, taken for sampling or statistical examination,
having one or more common properties and being readily
This requires that backup statistical process control records be
separable from other similar units.
maintained during the manufacturing process (Table 2).
1.1.3 The third procedure describes the division of ship-
3.1.3 quality assurance, n—all those planned or systematic
ments of geosynthetics and rolled erosion control products into
actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that a
lots and the determination of lot sample size for purchaser’s
material, product, system, or service will satisfy given needs.
specification conformance testing (Table 3).
3.1.4 quality control, n—the operational techniques and the
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
activities which sustain a quality of material, product, system,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
or service that will satisfy given needs; also the use of such
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
techniques and activities.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1.5 sample, n—(1) a portion of material which is taken for
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
testing or for record purposes. (See also sample, lot; sample,
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
laboratory;and specimen.)(2)agroupofspecimensused,orof
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
observationsmade,whichprovideinformationthatcanbeused
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
for making statistical inferences about the population(s) from
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
which the specimens are drawn.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.6 sample, laboratory, n—a portion of material taken to
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
represent the lot sample, or the original material, and used in
2. Referenced Documents
the laboratory as a source of test specimens.
2.1 ASTM Standards: 3.1.7 sample, lot, n—one or more shipping units taken at
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles random to represent an acceptance sampling lot and used as a
source of laboratory samples.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosyn- 3.1.8 sampling unit, n—an identifiable, discrete unit or
thetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.01 on Mechanical
subunit of material that could be taken as part of a sample.
Properties.
3.1.8.1 Discussion—Fig. 1 is included to show the differ-
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published May 2020. Originally
ence between lot sample, laboratory sample, and test speci-
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4354 – 12. DOI:
10.1520/D4354-12R20.
men.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
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D4354 − 12 (2020)
TABLE 1 Number of Units to be Selected as Lot Sample—
acceptance testing requires taking into account not only the
Manufacturer’s Quality Control
variability between primary sampling units but also the vari-
Number of Units in Lot Number of Units Selected
ability between subunits within primary sampling units and
1to2 1
between specimens from a single subunit in a primary sam-
3to8 2
pling unit.
9to27 3
28 to 64 4
3.1.10 specimen, n—a specific portion of a material or
65 to 125 5
laboratory sample upon which a test is performed or which is
126 to 216 6
217 to 343 7
taken for that purpose. (Syn. test specimen.)
344 to 512 8
513 to 729 9 3.1.11 test result, n—a value obtained by applying a given
730 to 1000 10
test method, expressed either as a single observation or a
1001 or more 11
specified combination of a number of observations.
3.1.11.1 Discussion—Atest result is the value reported for a
single subunit of the laboratory sample. For different test
TABLE 2 Number of Units to be Selected as Lot Sample—
Manufacturer’s Quality Assurance methods a test result might be (1) the value of a single
observation (such as a measurement of a property, a count of
Number of Units in Lot Number of Units Selected
defects, or a grading or rating) on a single specimen from a
1to200 1
201 to 500 2
single subunit of the laboratory sample; (2) the average or
501 to 1000 3
some other function of the values for single observations on
1001 or more 4
each of n specimens from a single subunit of the laboratory
sample; or (3) a ratio of successes to total observations for n
specimens from a single subunit of the laboratory sample.
TABLE 3 Number of Units to be Selected as Lot Sample—
Purchaser’s Specification Conformance
3.1.12 For definitions of other textile terms used in this
Number of Units in Lot Number of Units Selected
practice, refer to Terminology D123.
1to200 1
3.1.13 For definitions of other geosynthetic terms used in
201 to 500 2
501 to 1000 3 this practice, refer to Terminology D4439.
1001 or more 4
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 production unit—as referred to in this practice,isa
quantity of geosynthetic agreed upon by the purchaser and
seller for the purpose of sampling.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—In the absence of an agreed-upon
2 2
quantity, 1000 m (1200 yd ) is recommended. For example, a
production run may be 6000 m . For the purpose of sampling,
if 1000 m criteria is used, this would be six production units.
3.2.1.2 Discussion—For the purpose of this practice, the
purchaserisconsideredto
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