ASTM D3035-95

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 3035 – 95 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Controlled
Outside Diameter
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3035; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D 1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-
Gradient Technique
1.1 This specification covers polyethylene (PE) pipe made
D 1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe
in thermoplastic pipe dimension ratios based on outside diam-
Under Constant Internal Pressure
eter and pressure rated for water (see Appendix X1). Included
D 1599 Test Method for Short-Time Hydraulic Failure Pres-
are criteria for classifying PE plastic pipe materials and PE
sure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
plastic pipe, a system of nomenclature for PE plastic pipe, and
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
requirements and test methods for materials, workmanship,
,
2 3
Plastics
dimensions, sustained pressure, burst pressure, and environ-
D 1603 Test Method for Carbon Black in Olefin Plastics
mental stress cracking. Methods of marking are also given.
D 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
1.2 All pipes produced under this specification may be used
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
for the transport of water, industrial process liquids, effluents,
D 2290 Test Method for Apparent Tensile Strength of Ring
slurries, municipal sewage, etc. The user should consult the
or Tubular Plastics and Reinforced Plastics by Split Disk
manufacturer to determine whether the material being trans-
Method
ported is compatible with polyethylene pipe and will not affect
D 2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design
the service life beyond limits acceptable to the user.
Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
D 3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
3,
Fittings Materials
information only.
F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
2.2 NSF Standards:
test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This
Standard No. 14 for Plastic Piping Components and Related
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Materials
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water Systems
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
Components—Health Effects
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
tions prior to use.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents 3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
nology F 412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Ter-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
minology D 1600, unless otherwise specified.
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
2 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Insulating Materials for Testing
3.2.1 hydrostatic design stress— the estimated maximum
D 792 Test Method for Specific Gravity (Relative Density)
2 tensile stress in the wall of the pipe in the circumferential
and Density of Plastics by Displacement
orientation due to internal hydrostatic water pressure that can
D 1238 Test Method for Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by
2 be applied continuously with a high degree of certainty that
Extrusion Plastometer
failure of the pipe will not occur.
D 1248 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Molding and
2,
3 3.2.2 pressure rating (PR)—the estimated maximum pres-
Extrusion Materials
sure that water in the pipe can exert continuously with a high
degree of certainty that failure of the pipe will not occur.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-17 on Plastic
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.26 on Olefin
Based Pipe.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1995. Published November 1995. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
published as D 3035 – 72. Last previous edition D 3035 – 93. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.
2 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. Available from the National Sanitation Foundation, P.O. Box 1468, Ann Arbor,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04. MI 48106.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 3035
NOTE 1—Piping intended for use in the transport of potable water
3.2.3 relation between dimension ratio, hydrostatic design
should be evaluated and certified as safe for this purpose by a testing
stress, and pressure rating—the following expression, com-
agency acceptable to the local health authority. The evaluation should be
monly known as the ISO equation, is used in this specification
in accordance with requirements for chemical extraction, taste, and odor
to relate dimension ratio, hydrostatic design stress, and pres-
that are no less restrictive than those included in NSF Standard No. 14.
sure rating:
The seal or mark of the laboratory making the evaluation should be
included on the piping.
2S/P 5 R21 or 2S/ P 5 ~D /t! 2 1 (1)
5.2 Basic Materials—This specification covers PE pipe
where:
made from five PE plastics as defined in Specification D 1248,
S 5 hydrostatic design stress, psi (MPa),
in which the requirements are based on short-term tests. These
P 5 pressure rating, psi (MPa),
are Grade P 14, Grade P 23, Grade P 24, Grade P 33, and Grade
D 5 average outside diameter, in. (mm)
P 34. The PE plastics can also be described in accordance with
t 5 minimum wall thickness, in. (mm), and,
the appropriate cell classification as defined in Specification
R 5 thermoplastic pipe dimension ratio (D / t for PE
D 3350. The 176°F (80°C) sustained pressure performance
pipe).
requirements of 6.8 (pipe test category in Table 5) are not
3.2.4 thermoplastic pipe dimension ratio (DR)—the ratio of
currently in PE material Specifications D 1248 or D 3350. To
pipe diameter to wall thickness. For PE pipe covered by this
identify the correct pipe test category (C1 to C 7), the PE
specification it is calculated by dividing the average outside
material base resin density and melt index must be obtained
diameter of the pipe, in inches, by the minimum wall thickness,
from the PE material supplier.
in inches. If the wall thickness calculated by this formula is less
than 0.062 in. (1.6 mm), it shall be arbitrarily increased to
NOTE 2—Committee F-17 has requested that Committee D-20 add the
0.062 in. 176°F (80°C) sustained pressure performance requirements to Specifica-
tions D 1248 and D 3350.
3.2.5 thermoplastic pipe materials designation code—the
polyethylene pipe materials designation code shall consist of
5.3 Hydrostatic Design Stresses—This specification covers
the abbreviation PE for the type of plastics, followed by the
PE pipe made from PE plastics as defined by four hydrostatic
ASTM grade in Arabic numerals and the hydrostatic design
design stresses developed on the basis of long-term tests
stress in units of 100 psi with any decimal figures dropped.
(Appendix X1).
Where the hydrostatic design stress code contains less than two
5.4 Compound—The PE plastic extrusion compound shall
figures, a zero shall be used before the number. Thus, a
meet the requirements of either Grade P 14, Class B or C;
complete material code shall consist of two letters and four
Grade P 23, Class B or C; Grade P 24, Class B or C; Grade P
figures for PE plastic pipe materials (see Section 5).
33, Class B or C; or Grade P 34, Class B or C materials as
described in Specification D 1248. As shown in Specification
4. Pipe Classification
D 1248, these codes describe type, class, category, and grade,
4.1 General—This specification covers PE pipe made from for example, for the Type I, Class C, Category 4, Grade P 14
seven PE plastic pipe materials in various dimension ratios and Compound, the code is D 1248-IC4-P14. The compound may
water pressure ratings. also be described by the comparable cell classification as
4.2 Thermoplastic Pipe Dimension Ratios (DR)—This defined in Specification D 3350.
5.4.1 Class B compounds shall have sufficient UV stabilizer
specification covers PE pipe in various dimension ratios such
as, but not limited to, DR 11, DR 13.5, DR 17, and DR 21. The to protect pipe from deleterious effects due to continuous
outdoor exposure during storage and shipping. Pipe produced
pressure rating is uniform for all nominal sizes of pipe for a
given PE pipe material and DR. (See Table X1.1.) from Class B compounds are not suitable for exposed outdoor
application. Class B and C compounds shall have sufficient
4.3 Special Sizes—Where existing system conditions or
special local requirements make other diameters or dimension antioxidants to meet requirements in Specification D 3350.
ratios necessary, other sizes or dimension ratios, or both, shall
NOTE 3—Pipe users should consult with the pipe manufacturer about
be acceptable in engineered products when mutually agreed
the outdoor exposure life of the product under consideration.
upon by the customer and manufacturer if (1) the pipe is
5.5 Rework Material—Clean, rework material, of the same
manufactured from plastic compounds meeting the material
type and grade generated from the manufacturer’s own pipe
requirements of this specification and ( 2) the strength and
production, may be used by the same manufacturer, as long as
design requirements are calculated on the same basis as those
the pipe produced meets all the requirements of this specifica-
used in this specification.
tion.
5. Materials 6. Requirements
5.1 General—Polyethylene plastics used to make pipe 6.1 Workmanship—The pipe shall be homogeneous
meeting the requirements of this specification are categorized throughout and free from visible cracks, holes, foreign inclu-
by means of two criteria, namely, (1) short-term strength tests, sions, or other defects. The pipe shall be as uniform as
commercially practicable in color, opacity, density, and other
and (2) long-term strength tests.
physical properties.
6.2 Dimensions and Tolerances:
6.2.1 Outside Diameters—The outside diameters and toler-
ISO R 161-1960, Pipes of Plastics Materials for the Transport of Fluids
(Outside Diameters and Nominal Pressure), Part 1, Metric Series. ances shall be as shown in Table 1 when measured in
D 3035
TABLE 1 Outside Diameters and Tolerances for DR-PR PE
6.8 Elevated Temperature Sustained Pressure—The average
Plastic Pipe
failure time must meet or exceed the specified minimum
average failure time in Table 5 for both hoop stresses of a given
Nominal Pipe Outside Diameter, Tolerances,
pipe test category when tested in accordance with 7.9.
Size, in. in. (mm) in. (mm)
6.9 Apparent Ring Tensile Strength— The minimum appar-
⁄2 0.840 (21.34) 60.004 (0.10)
3 ent ring tensile strength at yield shall be as shown in Table 6
⁄4 1.050 (26.7) 60.004 (0.10)
1 1.315 (33.4) 60.005 (0.13)
when tested in accordance with 7.10.
1 ⁄4 1.660 (42.2) 60.005 (0.13)
1 ⁄2 1.900 (48.3) 60.006 (0.15)
NOTE 5—The short-term hoop stress of a PE plastic pipe can be
2 2.375 (60.3) 60.006 (0.15)
determined in accordance with either 6.6 or 6.9.
3 3.500 (88.9) 60.008 (0.20)
4 4.500 (114.3) 60.009 (0.23)
7. Test Methods
6 6.625 (168.28) 60.011 (0.28)
8 8.625 (219.08) 60.013 (0.33) 7.1 Conditioning—Condition the test specimens for not less
10 10.750 (273.05) 60.015 (0.38)
than 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of
12 12.750 (323.85) 60.017 (0.43)
Practice D 618, for those tests where conditioning is required.
14 14.000 (355.60) 60.063 (1.60)
16 16.000 (406.40) 60.072 (1.83) 7.2 Test Conditions—Conduct tests in the standard labora-
18 18.000 (457.20) 60.081 (2.06)
tory atmosphere of 73 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C), unless otherwise
20 20.000 (508.00) 60.090 (2.29)
specified in the test methods or in this specification.
22 22.000 (558.80) 60.099 (2.51)
24 24.000 (609.60) 60.108 (2.74)
7.3 Sampling—The selection of the sample or samples of
pipe shall be as agreed upon by the purchaser and the seller. In
case of no prior agreement, random samples as selected by the
accordance with Test Method D 2122. For diameters not shown
testing laboratory shall be deemed adequate.
in Table 1, the tolerances shall be the same percentage of the
7.4 Carbon Black—Determine in duplicate the carbon black
outside diameter as those for the closest listed diameter.
content of the Class C pipe compound in accordance with Test
6.2.2 Wall Thicknesses—The wall thicknesses and toler-
Method D 1603.
ances shall be as shown in Table 2 when measured in
7.5 Density—Determine the density of the pipe compound
accordance with Test Method D 2122. For wall thicknesses
in accordance with Test Method D 1505, or Test Method
(DRs) not shown in Table 2, the tolerances shall be the same
D 792, using three specimens.
percentage of the calculated minimum wall as for the closest
7.6 Base Density:
listed minimum wall thickness.
7.6.1 Class C Compounds—Determine the percentage of
6.2.3 Wall Thickness Range—The wall thickness range shall
carbon black by weight in accordance with 7.4. Calculate the
be within 12 % when measured in accordance with Test
density of the PE base resin (uncolored PE) in the pipe
Method D 2122.
compound as follows:
6.3 Carbon Black—Class C polyethylene pipe extrusion
D 5 D 2 0.0044 C (2)
compound shall contain at least 2 % carbon black when tested
R p
in accordance with 7.4.
where:
NOTE 4—The amount of pigment in Class B polyethylene is not
D 5 density of resin, g/cm ,
R
established by the specification other than the compound shall meet all
D 5 density of pipe compound, g/cm and,
p
other requirements and the piping shall meet all long- and short-term
C 5 weight percent of carbon black.
requirements of this specification.
7.6.2 Class B Compounds—The methods for determining
6.4 Density—The polyethylene base resin (uncolored PE) in percent pigment in Class B compounds and their effect on
the pipe compound shall have a density in the range from 0.910 density varies with the type pigment. Consult with pipe
to 0.925 g/cm for pipe made from Grade P 14; 0.926 to 0.940 compound manufacturer for procedure to determine base
3 3
g/cm for pipe made from Grade P 14; 0.926 to 0.940 g/cm for density for specific compounds.
pipe made from Grade P 23 and Grade P 24; and 0.941 to 0.965 7.7 Substained Pressure Test—Select the
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