ASTM F2417-11
(Specification)Standard Specification for Fire Safety for Candles
Standard Specification for Fire Safety for Candles
SCOPE
1.1 This specification is intended to prescribe minimum safety requirements for candles to provide a reasonable degree of safety for normal use with candles, thereby improving personal safety and reducing fires, deaths, and injuries.
1.2 This specification is not intended to replace other important safety practices that should be in place, such as adult supervision, close monitoring, fire detection, alarm or suppression systems, and use of candles away from combustible materials.
1.3 Flame-producing devices, such as candles, present a potential hazard to the user. This specification cannot eliminate all hazards, but will minimize the potential hazards of candles to the user.
1.4 This specification is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.5 This standard is used to predict or provide a quantitative measure of the fire hazard from a specified set of fire conditions involving specific materials, products, or assemblies. This assessment does not necessarily predict the hazard of actual fires which involve conditions other than those assumed in the analysis.
1.6 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.
1.7 This specification states values in SI units which are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesis are for information only.
1.8 This specification does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F2417 −11
StandardSpecification for
1
Fire Safety for Candles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
1.1 This specification is intended to prescribe minimum
safety requirements for candles to provide a reasonable degree
2. Referenced Documents
of safety for normal use with candles, thereby improving
2
personal safety and reducing fires, deaths, and injuries. 2.1 ASTM Standards:
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
1.2 This specification is not intended to replace other
Open Cup Tester
important safety practices that should be in place, such as adult
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
supervision, close monitoring, fire detection, alarm or suppres-
Closed Cup Tester
sion systems, and use of candles away from combustible
E136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical
materials.
Tube Furnace at 750°C
1.3 Flame-producing devices, such as candles, present a
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
potential hazard to the user.This specification cannot eliminate
F400 Consumer Safety Specification for Lighters
all hazards, but will minimize the potential hazards of candles
F1972 Guide for Terminology Relating to Candles and
to the user.
Associated Accessory Items
3
1.4 This specification is used to measure and describe the
2.2 NFPA Standard:
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and
NFPA 909 Code for the Protection of Cultural Resources
flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself
incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk
3. Terminology
assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under
3.1 Certain candle-related terminology is addressed in
actual fire conditions.
Guide F1972, and the reader is directed to that guide for
1.5 This standard is used to predict or provide a quantitative
definitions not found in 3.2. For definitions of terms associated
measure of the fire hazard from a specified set of fire conditions
with fire issues, see Terminology E176.
involving specific materials, products, or assemblies. This
3.2 Definitions:
assessment does not necessarily predict the hazard of actual
3.2.1 altar candle, n—candle that is constructed, packaged,
fires which involve conditions other than those assumed in the
and labeled as an altar candle.
analysis.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—The candle is used in a place of wor-
1.6 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safe-
ship in close proximity to the altar during the religious service
guards for personnel and property shall be employed in
or ceremony.
conducting these tests.
3.2.2 base material, n—intended fuel source for candle
1.7 This specification states values in SI units which are to
flame.
beregardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesisare
3.2.3 birthday candle, n—candle whose sole purpose is to
for information only.
be used on a birthday cake.
1.8 This specification does not purport to address all of the
3.2.4 candle flashover, n—condition where the base materi-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
al’s vapors ignite over the entire fuel pool.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.45 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Candle Products. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F2417 – 09. DOI: Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
10.1520/F2417-11. Park, Quincy, MA 02269-9101.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2417−11
3.2.5 Easter, Paschal, sacramental candle, n—candle that is The natural tendency of a candle is for the flame height to vary
constructed, packaged, and labeled as an Easter, Paschal, or during the burn life. The maximum allowable flame height
sacramental candle (or some combination of these names, for requirement in this specification takes into account such
example, Easter/Paschal), generally 43.2 cm (17.0 in.
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F2417–09 Designation: F2417 – 11
Standard Specification for
1
Fire Safety for Candles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Thisspecificationisintendedtoprescribeminimumsafetyrequirementsforcandlestoprovideareasonabledegreeofsafety
for normal use with candles, thereby improving personal safety and reducing fires, deaths, and injuries.
1.2 This specification is not intended to replace other important safety practices that should be in place, such as adult
supervision, close monitoring, fire detection, alarm or suppression systems, and use of candles away from combustible materials.
1.3 Flame-producing devices, such as candles, present a potential hazard to the user. This specification cannot eliminate all
hazards, but will minimize the potential hazards of candles to the user.
1.4 This specification is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials,
products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.5This specification states values in SI units which are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesis are for
information only.
1.5 This standard is used to predict or provide a quantitative measure of the fire hazard from a specified set of fire conditions
involving specific materials, products, or assemblies. This assessment does not necessarily predict the hazard of actual fires which
involve conditions other than those assumed in the analysis.
1.6 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these
tests.
1.7 This specification states values in SI units which are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesis are for
information only.
1.8 This specification does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
requirements prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
E136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750C
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
F400 Consumer Safety Specification for Lighters
F1972 Guide for Terminology Relating to Candles and Associated Accessory Items
3
2.2 NFPA Standard:
NFPA 909 Code for the Protection of Cultural Resources
3. Terminology
3.1 Certain candle-related terminology is addressed in Guide F1972, and the reader is directed to that guide for definitions not
found in 3.2. For definitions of terms associated with fire issues, see Terminology E176.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 altar candle, n—candle that is constructed, packaged, and labeled as an altar candle.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.45 on Candle Products.
Current edition approved JuneOct. 1, 2009.2011. Published July 2009.November 2011. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20042009 as
F2417 – 049. DOI: 10.1520/F2417-09.10.1520/F2417-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269-9101.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2417 – 11
3.2.1.1 Discussion—The candle is used in a place of worship in close proximity to the altar during the religious service or
ceremony.
3.2.2 base material, n—intended fuel source for candle flame.
3.2.3 birthday candle, n—candle whose sole purpose is to be used on a birthday cake.
3.2.4 candle flashover, n—condition where the
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.