ASTM D6213-17

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Designation: D6213 − 97 (Reapproved 2009) D6213 − 17
Standard Practice for
Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geogrids to
Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6213; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for testing of geogrids for chemical resistance to liquids.
1.2 This practice describes methods for measuring changes in physical and mechanical properties caused by immersion in test
solutions that may be representative of anticipated end-use conditions.
1.3 This practice describes procedures for required and recommended testing of geogrids.
1.4 Evaluation or interpretation of test data is beyond the scope of this practice.
1.5 This practice is intended to be used in conjunction with Practice D5322, or Practice D5496, or both. The scope of this
practice is limited to testing and reporting procedures for unexposed and exposed geogrid coupons.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by Extrusion Plastometer
D1695 Terminology of Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D4595 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Geotextiles by the Wide-Width Strip Method
D4603 Test Method for Determining Inherent Viscosity of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) (PET) by Glass Capillary Viscometer
D5322 Practice for Laboratory Immersion Procedures for Evaluating the Chemical Resistance of Geosynthetics to Liquids
D5496 Practice for In Field Immersion Testing of Geosynthetics
D5747 Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geomembranes to Liquids
E375 Definitions of Terms Relating to Resinography (Withdrawn 1992)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 chemical resistance, n—for geosynthetics, the extent to which a material or product retains its original physical and
chemical characteristics as a function of immersion in, or contact with, a foreign substance. (D5747, D35)
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.02 on Endurance Properties.
Current edition approved June 1, 2009July 1, 2017. Published July 2009July 2017. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20032009 as D6213 - 97
(2003).D6213 – 97 (2009). DOI: 10.1520/D6213-97R09.10.1520/D6213-17.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
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D6213 − 17
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to Terminologies D16, D123, D883, D1695, D4439, and E375.
3.1.2 coating, n—a liquid, liquefiable or mastic composition that is converted to a solid protected, decorative, or functional
adherent film after application as a thin layer. (D16, D01)
3.1.3 coupon, n—a portion of a material or laboratory sample, from which multiple specimens can be taken for testing. (D5747,
D35)
3.1.4 composite, n—a material made up of distinct parts which contribute, either proportionately, or synergistically, to the
properties of the combination. (E375, D20)
3.1.5 geogrid, n—a reinforcing geosynthetic comprised of integrally connected elements with in-plane apertures between
elements. (D4439, D35)
3.1.6 geosynthetic, n—a planar product manufactured from polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other geotechnical
engineering related material as an integral part of a man made project, structure, or system. (D4439, D35)
3.1.7 inherent viscosity—the quotient of the natural logarithm of relative viscosity by the concentration, that is in η /c. (D1695,
rel
D01)
3.1.8 integral, adj—in geosynthetics, forming a necessary part of the whole; a constituent. (D4439, D35)
3.1.9 relative viscosity—the ratio of the viscosity of a solution to that of the pure solvent. (D1695, D01)
3.1.10 melt index, n—the flow rate of PE material when measured in accordance with Test Method D1238.
3.1.11 polyester, n—a polymer in which the repeated structural unit in the chain is of the ester type. (D883, D20)
3.1.12 polyolefin, n—a polymer prepared by the polymerization of an olefin(s) as the sole monomer(s). (D883, D20)
3.1.13 sample, n—a portion of a lot of material that is taken for incubation, testing, or for record purposes. (D123, D13)
3.1.14 specimen, n—a specific portion of a material or laboratory sample upon which a test is performed or which is taken for
that purpose. (D4439, D35)
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 This practice defines test methods and procedures for evaluating the resistance of geogrids to liquid exposure by monitoring
physical and chemical properties of geogrid coupons after immersion in a test liquid. The physical condition of the geogrid is
monitored as a function of cumulative exposure time by means of visual observations, and mechanical and chemical property tests.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This practice is intended to provide a list of standard procedures for test programs investigating the chemical resistance of
a geogrid to a liquid. This practice should be used in the absence of other specifications required for the particular situation being
addressed.
5.2 This practice is intended to provide a basis of standardization for those wishing to compare or investigate the chemical
resistance of a geogrid. It should be recognized that chemical resistance is a user judgment evaluation and that this practice does
not offer procedures for interpreting the results obtained from test procedures contained in this practice. As a practice, this does
not produce a test result.
5.3 This practice is for the chemical resistance assessment of geogrids and is written in parallel to similar practices for
geomembranes, geotextiles, geonets, and geopipes. Each practice is to be considered individually for the geosynthetic under
investigation and collectively for all geosynthetics exposed to the potentially harsh chemical environment under consideration.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Tensile Testing Machine—A constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) or constant-rate-of-traverse (CRT) type with autographic
recorder conforming to the requirements of Specification D76 shall be used.
6.2 Testing Clamps—These clamps shall be sufficiently wide to grip the entire rib specimen and with appropriate clamping
power to prevent slipping or crushing (damage). The suggested style of clamp is wedge action type, commonly available from the
manufacturer of the tensile testing machine.
6.3 All other required equipment is specified in the referenced test method standards. Refer to the appropriate standards for a
description of the apparatus necessary to perform those tests.
7. Hazards
7.1 Geogrids may be exposed to liquids that may contain hazardous chemicals. Appropriate precautions must be taken when
handling hazardous waste, chemicals, and the immersion solutions. Protective equipment suitable for the chemicals being used
must be worn by all personnel handling or exposed to the chemicals. Particular care should be taken when opening storage vessels
at elevated temperatures due to the increased volatility of organics and the increased activity of acids and bases. Care must also
be taken to prevent the spilling of hazardous materials and provisions must be made to clean up any accidental spills that do occur.
D6213 − 17
7.2 Before carrying out any test, safety precautions and disposal procedures for hazardous waste, chemicals or immersion
liquids, and any contaminated geogrid materials should be identified and implemented to provide full protection to all personnel
and to comply with applicable disposal regulations.
8. Sample Preparation
8.1 Sample product as received.
9. Sampling
9.1 Geogrid:
9.1.1 Determine the number and dimensions of the test specimens according to the requirements of property tests,tests listed
in Section 14, to be performed, the duration of the immersion, and the number of test intervals.
9.1.2 Sample—Sample in accordanc
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