ASTM D3606-10e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Finished Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Finished Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Benzene is classed as a toxic material. A knowledge of the concentration of this compound can be an aid in evaluating the possible health hazard to persons handling and using the gasoline. This test method is not intended to evaluate such hazards.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of benzene and toluene in finished motor and aviation gasolines by gas chromatography.
1.2 Benzene can be determined between the levels of 0.1 and 5 volume % and toluene can be determined between the levels of 2 and 20 volume %.
1.3 The precision for this test method was determined using conventional gasoline as well as gasolines containing oxygenates (ethers such as methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl tert-butyl ether,tert-amyl methyl ether, and ethanol).
1.4 Methanol may cause interference. Appendix X1 provides an option for modifying the test method for analyzing samples containing ethanol.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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´1
Designation: D3606 − 10
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Finished Motor
1
and Aviation Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Subsection 1.3 and Note 7 were corrected editorially in April 2016.
1. Scope* E969Specification for Glass Volumetric (Transfer) Pipets
E1044Specification for Glass Serological Pipets (General
1.1 This test method covers the determination of benzene
Purpose and Kahn)
and toluene in finished motor and aviation gasolines by gas
E1293Specification for Glass Measuring Pipets
chromatography.
1.2 Benzene can be determined between the levels of 0.1 3. Summary of Test Method
and 5 volume% and toluene can be determined between the
3.1 An internal standard, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), is
levels of 2 and 20 volume%.
added to the sample which is then introduced into a gas
1.3 Theprecisionforthistestmethodwasdeterminedusing chromatograph equipped with two columns connected in
conventional gasoline as well as gasolines containing oxygen- series.Thesamplepassesfirstthroughacolumnpackedwitha
ates (ethers such as methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl tert-butyl nonpolar phase such as dimethylpolysiloxane (8.1.1) which
ether,tert-amyl methyl ether, and ethanol). separates the components according to boiling point. After
octane has eluted, the flow through the nonpolar column is
1.4 Methanol may cause interference. Appendix X1 pro-
reversed,flushingoutthecomponentsheavierthanoctane.The
vides an option for modifying the test method for analyzing
octane and lighter components then pass through a column
samples containing ethanol.
packed with a highly polar phase such as 1, 2, 3-tris(2-
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
cyanoethoxy)propane(8.1.2)whichseparatesthearomaticand
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
nonaromatic compounds. The eluted components are detected
only.
by a thermal conductivity detector. The detector response is
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the recorded,thepeakareasaremeasured,andtheconcentrationof
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
each component is calculated with reference to the internal
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- standard.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Significance and Use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Benzene is classed as a toxic material.Aknowledge of
2. Referenced Documents
theconcentrationofthiscompoundcanbeanaidinevaluating
2
the possible health hazard to persons handling and using the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
gasoline. This test method is not intended to evaluate such
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
hazards.
Petroleum Products
E694Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Appa-
5. Apparatus
ratus
5.1 Chromatograph—Any chromatographic instrument that
has a backflush system and thermal conductivity detector, and
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on that can be operated at the conditions given in Table 1, can be
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
employed. Two backflush systems are shown. Fig. 1 is a
Subcommittee D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.
pressure system and Fig. 2 is a switching valve system. Either
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originally
one can be used.
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3606–07. DOI:
10.1520/D3606-10E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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D3606 − 10
TABLE 1 Instrument Parameters
5.11 Flask—boiling, round-bottom, short-neck, with
24
Detector thermal conductivity ⁄40standard taper joint, 500mL capacity. Suitable for use
Columns: two, stainless steel
with evaporator (5.10).
Length, m (A) 0.8; (B) 4.6
Outside diameter, mm 3.2
5.12 Lamp—infrared.
Stationary phase (A) dimethylpolysiloxane, 10 mass %
5.13 Burets—automatic, with integral reservoir, 25mL ca-
(B) TCEP, 20 mass %
Support (A) Chromosorb W, 60 to 80-mesh
pacity.
(B) Ch
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D3606 − 10 D3606 − 10
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Finished Motor
1
and Aviation Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Subsection 1.3 and Note 7 were corrected editorially in April 2016.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of benzene and toluene in finished motor and aviation gasolines by gas
chromatography.
1.2 Benzene can be determined between the levels of 0.1 and 5 volume % and toluene can be determined between the levels
of 2 and 20 volume %.
1.3 The precision for this test method was determined using conventional gasoline as well as gasolines containing oxygenates
(ethers such as methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl tert-butyl ether and ether,tert-amyl methyl ether). ether, and ethanol).
1.4 Methanol may cause interference. Appendix X1 provides an option for modifying the test method for analyzing samples
containing ethanol.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
E694 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Apparatus
E969 Specification for Glass Volumetric (Transfer) Pipets
E1044 Specification for Glass Serological Pipets (General Purpose and Kahn)
E1293 Specification for Glass Measuring Pipets
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 An internal standard, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), is added to the sample which is then introduced into a gas chromatograph
equipped with two columns connected in series. The sample passes first through a column packed with a nonpolar phase such as
dimethylpolysiloxane (8.1.1) which separates the components according to boiling point. After octane has eluted, the flow through
the nonpolar column is reversed, flushing out the components heavier than octane. The octane and lighter components then pass
through a column packed with a highly polar phase such as 1, 2, 3-tris(2-cyanoethoxy) propane (8.1.2) which separates the
aromatic and nonaromatic compounds. The eluted components are detected by a thermal conductivity detector. The detector
response is recorded, the peak areas are measured, and the concentration of each component is calculated with reference to the
internal standard.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Benzene is classed as a toxic material. A knowledge of the concentration of this compound can be an aid in evaluating the
possible health hazard to persons handling and using the gasoline. This test method is not intended to evaluate such hazards.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3606–07. DOI:
10.1520/D3606-10.10.1520/D3606-10E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D3606 − 10
5. Apparatus
5.1 Chromatograph—Any chromatographic instrument that has a backflush system and thermal conductivity detector, and that
can be operated at the conditions given in Table 1, can be employed. Two backflush systems are shown. Fig. 1 is a pressure system
and Fig. 2 is a switching valve system. Either one can be used.
TABLE 1 Instrument Parameters
Detector thermal conductivity
Columns: two, stainless steel
Length, m (A)
...
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