ASTM E3426/E3426M-24
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Endurance
Standard Test Method for Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Endurance
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is part of an overall suite of related test methods that provide repeatable measures of robotic system mobility and remote pilot proficiency. The operational endurance of a robot significantly impacts the performance of the robot during a variety of tasks. Robot endurance is a complex function of robot design, control scheme design, and energy storage selection. This test method evaluates the endurance of a robot through continuous operation. The outdoor and indoor movement tests flight path chosen for endurance testing specifically challenges robotic system locomotion, flight system to maintain position, and remote situational awareness by the remote pilot. As such, it can be used to represent modest outdoor flight or indoor flight within confined areas. The indoor hovering and dwelling tests similarly challenge these capabilities, but for remaining stationary in air within an outdoor or confined indoor area. The endurance test standard provides a method in which the operational endurance of a large variety of robot sizes and locomotion system designs may be compared. The test provides both a measure of the endurance of the robot and a measure of the reliability of the robot when operating continuously for extended periods of time on complex flight paths or continuous use, or both.
5.2 The indoor tests with containment walls represent repeatable complexity within commercial spaces and residential dwellings with hallways and doorways, or warehouses.
5.3 The test apparatuses are low-cost and easy to fabricate so they can be widely replicated. The procedure is also simple to conduct. This eases comparisons across various testing locations and dates to determine best-in-class systems and remote pilots.
5.4 Evaluation—This test method can be used in a controlled environment to measure baseline capabilities. The endurance test apparatus can also be embedded into operational training scenarios to measure degradation due to uncontrolled variab...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended for remotely operated aerial response robots (that is, unmanned aerial systems [UAS], drones, unmanned aircrafts) operating in complex, unstructured, and often hazardous environments. It specifies the apparatuses, procedures, and performance metrics necessary to measure the mission endurance of an aerial robot while either station keeping or following an approximate flight path defined by obstacles or boundaries, or both, intended to induce repeated cyclical movement. This test method is one of several robot tests that can be used to evaluate overall system capabilities.
1.2 The robotic system includes a remote pilot in control of most functionality, so an onboard camera and remote pilot display are typically required. This test method can be used to evaluate assistive or autonomous behaviors intended to improve the effectiveness or efficiency of remotely operated systems.
1.3 Different user communities can set their own thresholds of acceptable performance within this test method for various mission requirements.
1.4 Performing Location—This test method may be performed anywhere the specified apparatuses and environmental conditions can be implemented. Flying unmanned aircraft without a comprehensive understanding of the laws and regulations enforced by the relevant jurisdiction poses significant safety and legal risks. Failure to comply with these regulations may result in accidents, injuries, property damage, and legal consequences. Users of this standard are strongly advised to review and adhere to all applicable ASTM Committee F38 standards and to ensure full compliance with the authorities holding jurisdiction.
1.5 Units—The International System of Units (SI Units) and U.S. Customary Units (Imperial Units) are used throughout this document. They are not mathematical conversions. Rather, they are approximate equivalents in each system of units to enable use of readily ava...
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3426/E3426M − 24
Standard Test Method for
1
Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Endurance
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3426/E3426M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The robotics community needs ways to measure whether a particular robot is capable of performing
specific missions in complex, unstructured, and often hazardous environments. These missions require
various combinations of elemental robot capabilities. Each capability can be represented as a test
method with an associated apparatus to provide tangible challenges for various mission requirements
and performance metrics to communicate results. These test methods can then be combined and
sequenced to evaluate essential robot capabilities and remote pilot proficiencies necessary to
successfully perform intended missions.
The ASTM International Standards Committee on Homeland Security Applications (E54) specifies
these standard test methods to facilitate comparisons across different testing locations and dates for
diverse robot sizes and configurations. These standards support robot researchers, manufacturers, and
user organizations in different ways. Researchers use the standards to understand mission
requirements, encourage innovation, and demonstrate break-through capabilities. Manufacturers use
the standards to evaluate design decisions, integrate emerging technologies, and harden systems.
Emergency responders and soldiers use them to guide purchasing decisions and align deployment
expectations. Associated usage guides describe how these standards can be applied to support various
objectives. These standard test methods may be used in concert with Specification F3330 to create
scenario-based training programs.
Several suites of standards address these elemental capabilities including maneuvering, mobility,
dexterity, sensing, endurance, communications, durability, proficiency, autonomy, and logistics.
1. Scope evaluate assistive or autonomous behaviors intended to im-
prove the effectiveness or efficiency of remotely operated
1.1 This test method is intended for remotely operated aerial
systems.
response robots (that is, unmanned aerial systems [UAS],
drones, unmanned aircrafts) operating in complex, 1.3 Different user communities can set their own thresholds
unstructured, and often hazardous environments. It specifies of acceptable performance within this test method for various
the apparatuses, procedures, and performance metrics neces- mission requirements.
sary to measure the mission endurance of an aerial robot while
1.4 Performing Location—This test method may be per-
either station keeping or following an approximate flight path
formed anywhere the specified apparatuses and environmental
defined by obstacles or boundaries, or both, intended to induce
conditions can be implemented. Flying unmanned aircraft
repeated cyclical movement. This test method is one of several
without a comprehensive understanding of the laws and
robot tests that can be used to evaluate overall system
regulations enforced by the relevant jurisdiction poses signifi-
capabilities.
cant safety and legal risks. Failure to comply with these
1.2 The robotic system includes a remote pilot in control of
regulations may result in accidents, injuries, property damage,
most functionality, so an onboard camera and remote pilot and legal consequences. Users of this standard are strongly
display are typically required. This test method can be used to
advised to review and adhere to all applicable ASTM Com-
mittee F38 standards and to ensure full compliance with the
authorities holding jurisdiction.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E54 on
1.5 Units—The International System of Units (SI Units) and
Homeland Security Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
U.S. Customary Units (Imperial Units) are used throughout this
E54.09 on Response Robots.
document. They are not mathematical conversions. Rather,
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2024. Published February 2024. DOI: 10.1520/
E3426_E3426M-24. they are approximate equivalents in each system of units to
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E3426/E3426M − 24
enable use of readily available materials in different countries. 3.4.1 appara
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