ASTM D653-07f
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Definitions in this standard are to be regarded as the correct ones for terms found in other ASTM standards of Committee D18. Certain terms may be found in more than one standard issued under the jurisdiction of this committee and many of these terms have been placed in this standard.
Terms that are defined in some textbooks may differ slightly from those in this standard. Definitions in Terminology D 653 are to be regarded as correct for ASTM usage
A number of the definitions include symbols and indicate the units of measurement. The symbols appear in italics immediately after the name of the term, followed by the unit in parentheses. No significance should be placed on the order in which the symbols are presented where two or more are given for an individual term. The applicable units are indicated by capital letters, as follows:
D—Dimensionless
F—Force, such as pound-force, ton-force, newton
L—Length, such as inch, foot, millimeter, and meter
M—Mass, such as kilogram, gram
T—Time, such as second, minute
Positive exponents designate multiples in the numerator. Negative exponents designate multiples in the denominator. Degrees of angle are indicated as “degrees.”
Expressing the units either in SI or the inch-pound system has been purposely omitted in order to leave the choice of the system and specific unit to the engineer and the particular application, for example:
FL−2—may be expressed in pounds-force per square inch, kilopascals, tons per square foot, etc.
LT−1—may be expressed in feet per minute, meters per second, etc.
Where synonymous terms are cross-referenced, the definition is usually included with the earlier term alphabetically. Where this is not the case, the later term is the more significant.
Definitions marked with (ISRM) are included for the convenience of the user and were taken directly from the International Society for Rock Mechanics (see X1.3).
See Appendixes for References (X1) and Symbols (X2).
SCOPE
1.1 These definitions apply to many terms found in the Terminology section of standards of ASTM Committee D18.
1.2 This standard defines terms related to soil, rock, and contained fluids found in the terminology sections of standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18.
1.3 These terms define many words found in the Terminology section of standards of ASTM Committee D18.
1.4 Definitions of terms relating to frozen soils are contained in Terminology D 7099.
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Designation:D653–07f
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D653; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
These definitions were prepared jointly by the American Society of Civil Engineers and the American Society for Testing and Materials.
1. Scope* D4106 Test Method (Analytical Procedure) for Determin-
ing Transmissivity and Storage Coefficient of Nonleaky
1.1 These definitions apply to many terms found in the
Confined Aquifers by the Theis Nonequilibrium Method
Terminology section of standards of ASTM Committee D18.
D4318 Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and
1.2 This standard defines terms related to soil, rock, and
Plasticity Index of Soils
containedfluidsfoundintheterminologysectionsofstandards
D4631 Test Method for Determining Transmissivity and
under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18.
Storativity of Low Permeability Rocks by In Situ Mea-
1.3 These terms define many words found in the Terminol-
surements Using Pressure Pulse Technique
ogy section of standards of ASTM Committee D18.
D4750 Test Method for Determining Subsurface Liquid
1.4 Definitions of terms relating to frozen soils are con-
Levels in a Borehole or Monitoring Well (Observation
tained in Terminology D7099.
Well)
2. Referenced Documents D5084 Test Methods for Measurement of Hydraulic Con-
2
ductivity of Saturated Porous Materials Using a Flexible
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Wall Permeameter
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
D5088 Practices for Decontamination of Field Equipment
D2487 Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering
Used at Waste Sites
Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
D5092 Practice for Design and Installation of Ground
D4043 Guide for Selection of Aquifer Test Method in
Water Monitoring Wells
Determining Hydraulic Properties by Well Techniques
D5269 Test Method for Determining Transmissivity of
D4044 Test Method (Field Procedure) for Instantaneous
Nonleaky Confined Aquifers by the Theis Recovery
Change in Head (Slug) Tests for Determining Hydraulic
Method
Properties of Aquifiers
D5270 Test Method for Determining Transmissivity and
D4050 Test Method (Field Procedure) for Withdrawal and
StorageCoefficientofBounded,Nonleaky,ConfinedAqui-
Injection Well Tests for Determining Hydraulic Properties
fers
of Aquifer Systems
D 5299 Guide for Decommissioning of Ground Water
D4104 Test Method (Analytical Procedure) for Determin-
Wells, Vadose Zone Monitoring Devices, Boreholes, and
ing Transmissivity of Nonleaky Confined Aquifers by
Other Devices for Environmental Activities
Overdamped Well Response to Instantaneous Change in
D5878 Guides for Using Rock-Mass Classification Sys-
Head (Slug Tests)
tems for Engineering Purposes
D4105 Test Method (Analytical Procedure) for Determin-
D6312 Guide for Developing Appropriate Statistical Ap-
ing Transmissivity and Storage Coefficient of Nonleaky
proaches for Ground-Water Detection Monitoring Pro-
Confined Aquifers by the Modified Theis Nonequilibrium
grams
Method
D6913 Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Grada-
tion) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil
D7099 Terminology Relating to Frozen Soil and Rock
and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.93 on Terminology
for Soil, Rock and Contained Fluids.
3. Significance and Use
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally
approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D653–07e.
3.1 Definitions in this standard are to be regarded as the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
correct ones for terms found in other ASTM standards of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Committee D18. Certain terms may be found in more than one
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D653–07f
DISCUSSION—See adsorbed water.
standard issued under the jurisdiction of this committee and
many of these terms have been placed in this standard.
absorption—the assimilation of fluids into interstices.
3.2 Terms that are defined in some textbooks may differ
absorption loss—that part of transm
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D653–07e Designation:D653–07f
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D653; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
These definitions were prepared jointly by the American Society of Civil Engineers and the American Society for Testing and Materials.
1. Scope*
1.1 These definitions apply to many terms found in the Terminology section of standards of ASTM Committee D18.
1.2 This standard defines terms related to soil, rock, and contained fluids found in the terminology sections of standards under
the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18.
1.3 These terms define many words found in the Terminology section of standards of ASTM Committee D18.
1.4 Definitions of terms relating to frozen soils are contained in Terminology D7099.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
D2487 Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
D4043 Guide for Selection of Aquifer Test Method in Determining Hydraulic Properties by Well Techniques
D4044 Test Method (Field Procedure) for Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug)Tests for Determining Hydraulic Properties of
Aquifiers
D4050 TestMethod(FieldProcedure)forWithdrawalandInjectionWellTestsforDeterminingHydraulicPropertiesofAquifer
Systems
D4104 Test Method (Analytical Procedure) for Determining Transmissivity of Nonleaky Confined Aquifers by Overdamped
Well Response to Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug Tests)
D4105 Test Method (Analytical Procedure) for Determining Transmissivity and Storage Coefficient of Nonleaky Confined
Aquifers by the Modified Theis Nonequilibrium Method
D4106 Test Method (Analytical Procedure) for Determining Transmissivity and Storage Coefficient of Nonleaky Confined
Aquifers by the Theis Nonequilibrium Method
D4318 Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils
D4631 Test Method for Determining Transmissivity and Storativity of Low Permeability Rocks by In Situ Measurements
Using Pressure Pulse Technique
D4750 Test Method for Determining Subsurface Liquid Levels in a Borehole or Monitoring Well (Observation Well)
D5084 Test Methods for Measurement of Hydraulic Conductivity of Saturated Porous Materials Using a Flexible Wall
Permeameter
D5088 Practices for Decontamination of Field Equipment Used at Waste Sites
D5092 Practice for Design and Installation of Ground Water Monitoring Wells
D5269 Test Method for Determining Transmissivity of Nonleaky Confined Aquifers by the Theis Recovery Method
D5270 Test Method for Determining Transmissivity and Storage Coefficient of Bounded, Nonleaky, Confined Aquifers
D5299 Guide for Decommissioning of Ground Water Wells, Vadose Zone Monitoring Devices, Boreholes, and Other Devices
for Environmental Activities
D5878 Guides for Using Rock-Mass Classification Systems for Engineering Purposes
D6312 Guide for Developing Appropriate Statistical Approaches for Ground-Water Detection Monitoring Programs
D6913 Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.93 onTerminology for Soil,
Rock and Contained Fluids.
Current edition approved Nov. 1,Dec. 15, 2007. Published November 2007.January 2008. Originally approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as
D653–07de.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D653–07f
D7099 Terminology Relating to Frozen Soil and Rock
3. Significance and Use
3.1 Definitions in this standard are to be regarded as the correct ones for terms found in otherASTM standards of Committee
D18.Certaintermsmaybefoundinmorethanonestandardissuedunderthejurisd
...
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