ASTM E2035-03

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Designation: E 2035 – 03
Standard Terminology Relating to
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Forensic Psychophysiology
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2035; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope counterintelligence-scope polygraph (CSP), n—screening
examination administered by the Federal Government on
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding
individuals with sensitive security clearances to detect and
definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal or scien-
deter espionage, security breaches, sabotage, or other acts
tific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately
against the government. Sometimes referred to as a loyalty
in other readily available sources may not be included.
examination.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-
Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., n—although
mation included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and
not a PDD case, the Daubert case set aside the landmark
the year of the last review or revision is appended.
Frye rule’s “general acceptability” provisions in favor of the
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another
Federal Rules of Evidence. This paved the way for the
standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with
admissibility of PDD evidence in most jurisdictions. See:
the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the
Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (1992), 509
identifying document and ASTM committee; for example,
U. S. 579, 125 1. Ed 2d 469; United States v. Frye 54 App
ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
D.C. 46, 293 F 1013.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are
deception indicated (DI), n—deception indicated is a conven-
identified with an abbreviation.
tional term for a PDD outcome. A decision of DI means that
2. Significance and Use
the physiological data are stable and interpretable and that
the evaluation criteria used by the examiner concluded that
2.1 These terms have particular application to the scientific
the examinee was not being completely truthful to the
discipline of forensic psychophysiology. In addition, a hierar-
relevant issue. Deception indicated corresponds to the term
chy of sources of definitions are used in the development of
“Significant Physiological Responses,” or SPR.
this terminology. The heirarchy is as follows: Websters’s New
electrodermal tracing, n—the display of physiological pat-
World Dictionary, Third College Edition; technical dictionar-
terns of either skin resistance or skin conductance obtained
ies; and, the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions. The
through exosomatic recording with a galvanograph compo-
subcommittee developed a suitable definition after all of the
nent.
sources in the heirarchy are found wanting.
false negative, n—misclassification of a deceptive person as
3. Terminology
truthful.
false positive, n—misclassification of a truthful person as
3.1 Terms and Definitions:
deceptive.
artifact, n—a change in a PDD tracing that is not arributable
forensic psychophysiology, n—the scientific discipline deal-
to a review test question, stimulus, recovery, or homeostasis.
ing with the relationship and applications of PDD tests
cardiovascular tracing, n—a display of physiological patterns
within the legal system. It encompasses the academic disci-
of the subject’s relative blood volume and pulse rate. The
pline that provides the student, the practitioner, and the
cardiograph component records this activity.
researcher with the theoretical and applied psychological,
comparison question, n—type of question, the physiological
physiological, and psychophysiological fundamentals for a
responses from which are compared to those generated by
thorough understanding of PDD tests, and the skills and
the relevant questions.
qualifications for conducting PDD examinations. The modi-
fier “forensic” delineates and delimits this discipline from
the broader discipline of psychophysiology.
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This terminology standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E52
homeostasis, n—a complex interactive regulatory system by
on Forensic Psychophysiology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
E52.06 on Terminology. which the body strives to maintain a state of internal
Current edition approved Dec 1, 2003. Published March 2003. Originally
equilibrium.
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E 2035 - 02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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