ASTM D3623-78a(2020)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3623 − 78a (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Method for Testing
Antifouling Panels in Shallow Submergence
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3623; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2.2 U.S. Military Specifications (See alsoAnnex A1):
MIL-P-15328DPrimer Pretreatment (Formula 117 for Met-
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversaprocedurefortestingantifoul-
als)
ing compositions in shallow marine environments and a
MIL-P-15929CPrimer Coating, Shipboard, Vinyl-Red Lead
standard antifouling panel of known performance to serve as a
(Formula 119—For Hot Spray)
control in antifouling studies.
MIL-P-15931B Paint, Antifouling, Vinyl, Red (Formula
NOTE 1—Subcommittee D01.45 has a revised rating procedure now
121/63)
being evaluated by round robin.
MIL-S-22698A Steel Plate, Carbon, Structural
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3. Terminology
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 shallow submergence—an immersion to depths be-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tween 0.3 and 3.0 m (1 and 10 ft).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2 Abbreviations:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.2.1 The following abbreviations are used in reporting test
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
results:
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Al algae
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Barn barnacles
E.B. encrusting bryozoans
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Hyd hydroids
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Sl slime
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Tun tunicates
C.F. completely fouled
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
F.R. fouling resistance rating
A.F. antifouling rating
2. Referenced Documents A.C. anticorrosive rating
O.P. overall performance rating
2.1 ASTM Standards:
CO coelenterates
F.B. filamentous bryozoans
A569/A569M Specification for Steel, Carbon (0.15
Mol molluscs
Maximum,Percent),Hot-RolledSheetandStripCommer-
PC polychaetes
cial (Withdrawn 2000)
3.2.2 Algal Mups may be delineated by classification nota-
D2200Practice for Use of Pictorial Surface Preparation
tion by phyllum as follows:
Standards and Guides for Painting Steel Surfaces
Al-b Phaeophyta (brown)
Al-bg Cyanophyta (blue-green)
Al-g Chlorophyta (green)
Al-r Rhodophyta (red)
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
4. Significance and Use
Subcommittee D01.45 on Marine Coatings.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2020. Published August 2020. Originally
4.1 Thismethodisdesignedasascreeningtestinevaluating
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D3623–78a(2012).
antifouling coating systems. Results of the standard system in
DOI: 10.1520/D3623-78AR20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
www.astm.org. dodssp.daps.dla.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3623 − 78a (2020)
a specific marine environment are included to assist in inter- 6.2.3 Vinyl antifouling coating conforming to U.S. Military
preting results (see Annex A2). Specification MIL-P-15931B (Formula 121/63), B revision
only.
4.2 Antifouling systems providing positive comparisons
with the standard system should be considered acceptable for 6.3 Test Coating System—The test antifouling coating may
use in protecting underwater marine structures. be applied to the standard primer system, or to any other
suitable anticorrosive primer system.
4.3 The degree and type of fouling will vary depending on
the environment. Hence, differences in geographic location of
7. Safety Precautions
test sites, in time of year when panels are exposed, and in
7.1 Warning—Antifouling paints contain toxic materials
weather conditions from 1 year to the next can affect results.
that could cause skin and eye irritation on contact and adverse
Therefore, a fouling census on a nontoxic surface is taken. For
physiological effects if ingested or inhaled. In the preparation
the exposure to be valid the nontoxic surface should show
of panels and the application of various types of antifouling
heavy fouling, and the standard system should show signifi-
paintstheuseofappropriateprotectiveclothingandequipment
cantly less fouling than the nontoxic surface (see Annex A3
is required consistent with local, state, and federal government
and Annex A4).
regulations, and recognized industrial and technical standards.
Spills, overspray, and unused material should not be flushed
5. Apparatus
down the drain, but should be disposed of as hazardous waste.
5.1 Blast CleaningApparatuscapableofpreparingpanelsin
8. Procedure
compliance with 8.1.
8.1 Abrasive blast the required number of panels to near-
5.2 Application Equipment consisting of brush, roller, con-
whitemetal(Sa2 ⁄2ofMethodD2200)toobtainaprofileof25
ventional spray, or airless spray. Usually the equipment is
to 38 µm (1 to 1.5 mils).
dictated by the physical properties of the coating and the film
thickness desired.
NOTE 2—Aprofile of 25 to 38 µm (1 to 1.5 mils) can be obtained with
the following parameters: (1) Type and size of grit, No. 46 (sand); (2)
5.3 Exposure Rack to provide firm positioning of the speci-
Pressure, 620 kPa (90 psi); (3)Angle, 90 deg; (4) Distance from surface,
men panels such that they are held vertically in place in spite
75 to 125 mm (3 to 5 in.); (5) Nozzle size, 9 mm ( ⁄8 in.).
of the current and are electrically insulated from metallic
8.2 Ontheclean,dry,uncontaminated,blastedsurfaceapply
contact with the rack or other panels. The rack should be
to each standard panel one coat of pretreatment coating
positioned such that the prevailing tidal currents will move
MIL-P-15328D to give a nominal dry film thickness of 13 µm
parallel to the panel face, and the panels will be immersed to a
( ⁄2 mil).
depthofaminimumof0.3m(1ft)andamaximumof3m(10
ft). In a rack where the panels are stacked front to back, they NOTE 3—All coating drying times are for a minimum temperature of
1 21°C and a maximum relative humidity of 70%.
should be spaced at least 60 mm (2 ⁄2 in.) apart, with the two
end positions filled with blank panels. In a rack where the
8.3 Within 24 h of application of the pretreatment coating
panelsaremountedsidebyside,thedistancebetweenadjacent apply the first coat of red lead vinyl primer MIL-P-15929C.
panels should be a minimum 1.5 mm ( ⁄2 in.).
Apply a total of four coats of red lead vinyl primer to give a
nominal dry film thickness of 150 µm (6 mils ). Allow a
6. Materials
minimum of 2 h and a maximum of 24 h drying between coats
of red lead vinyl primer.
6.1 Test Panel—The substrate for the standard antifouling
coating system shall be medium low-carbon steel plate per
8.4 Allowing a minimum of 2 h and a maximum of 24 h
SpecificationA569/A569M, 3mmthickby150to250mmby dryingafterthelastcoatofredleadvinylprimer,applythefirst
250 to 300 mm ( ⁄8 in. thick by 6 to 10 by 10 to 12 in.) with a
coat of vinyl antifouling coating MIL-P-15931B to the stan-
2 2
minimum area per side of 465 cm (72 in. ). A 6-mm ( ⁄4-in.) dard panels, and the test coating to the test panels. A 19-mm
1 3
diameter hole, ⁄2 to 1 in. from the top and centered shall be
( ⁄4-in.) numbered vinyl tape can be applied before the second
drilled for holding the panel while handling and painting. The coat of antifouling coating for identification. Allowing a
test coating system shall be applied to that substrate for which
minimum of 2 h and a maximum of 24 h drying after the first
itisdesignedprovidedthereisaminimumareapersideof466 coat, apply a second coat of the respective antifouling coating
2 2
cm (72 in. ). to give a nominal dry film thickness for both antifouling coats
of 100 µm (4 mils).
6.2 Standard Coating System—The standard antifouling
coating system shall consist of: 8.5 Before immersion permit the second coat of antifouling
6.2.1 Green pretreatment coating conforming to U.S. Mili- coating to dry a minimum of 4 h and a maximum of 2 weeks,
tary Specification MIL-P-15328B (Formula 117), B revision the latter time allowing for shipping the panels to the immer-
only. sion site.
6.2.2 Vinyl red lead primer conforming to U.S. Military
8.6 Exposeforaminimumperiodof1yearatanimmersion
Specification MIL-P-15929C (Formula 119), C revision only.
site with a high incidence of fouling as indicated by attach-
ments on a dark nontoxic surface such as slate. A monthly
fouling census as well as a yearly accumulation when appro-
See also U.S. Military Specification MIL-S-22698, Type 1, Class A. priate is required.
D3623 − 78a (2020)
8.7 Evaluate the antifouling panels for surface fouling and
Barn 6, 3 to 10 mm
E.B. None
physical condition of the film system at least monthly as
Others Mol 1,20 mm
follows using the report form in Table 1.
Al-g (green) 10 %
8.7.1 Fouling on Surfaces—Rate fouling present on that
thentheF.R.percentratingwouldbe95−(6+1+10)=78.
portionoftheantifoulingtestsurfacewhichisintactatthetime
9.2 Physical Condition:
of inspection (see 9.1). Rate both sides of the panel if
9.2.1 Antifouling Film (A.F.)—Award an antifouling test
appropriate. Ignore fouling present on the substrate or on
surfacehavingnophysicaldefectsaratingof100.Subtractthe
anticorrosive undercoats. Barnacles, polychaetes,
percent surface affected by film defects from 100 to obtain the
coelenterates,etc.,thatareimmatureorlooselyattachedshould
rating for imperfect films.
be so reported in the appropriate space. Report fouling by
9.2.2 Anticorrosive Film (A.C.)—Obtain the rating by the
initial algal germination, low-form algae and diatoms as “algal
same procedure as 9.2.1.
slime.” Report absorbed organic and inorganic chemicals,
trappedsiltanddetritus,andotherunidentifiedslimesas“silt.”
9.3 Overall Performance (O.P.)—For overall performance,
8.7.2 Physical Condition—Rate the condition of coating
awardthepanelthelowestpercentratingofthethreepreceding
filmsinaccordancewith9.2.Recordqualitativedescriptionsof
values.
film deterioration and discoloration in this column, and unless
9.4 Normalization—The rating system described above is
otherwise specified, refer only to the antifouling test surface.
2 2
basedonaminimumtestononesideareaof465cm (72in. ).
Indicate deterioration of undercoats, when evident, by the
Correct the percent ratings for test surfaces of nonstandard
notation “A.C.” For example, “Peeling, A.F. from A.C.” or
dimensions for the difference between the minimum standard
“Chipping, A.C. from steel.”
2 2
panel area of 72 in. (465 cm ) and the area on one side of the
test specimen.
9. Calculations:
9.1 Fouling Resistance (F.R.)—Award each test surface free
10. Report
of fouling except for the presence of algal spores and other
10.1 Report the results of the immersion test in terms of
biological slimes a rating of 100. Reduce the rating to 95 if
fouling resistance and overall performance for both the mate-
onlyincipientfoulingispresent.Ifmatureformsoffoulingare
rial under test and the standard system.
pre
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