ASTM C1171-05(2011)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: C1171 − 05(Reapproved 2011)
Standard Test Method for
Quantitatively Measuring the Effect of Thermal Shock and
Thermal Cycling on Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1171; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.1 This test method is used for determining the strength
3. Significance and Use
loss or reduction in continuity, or both, of prism-shaped
specimens which are cut from refractory brick or shapes and
3.1 This test method indicates the ability of a refractory
subjected to thermal cycling.
product to withstand the stress generated by sudden changes in
temperature.
1.2 The strength loss is measured by the difference in
modulus of rupture (MOR) between uncycled specimens and
3.2 Because the recommended furnace temperature of this
the specimens subjected to thermal cycling.
cycling test is 1200°C (2190°F), this test method may not
indicate the ability of a refractory product to withstand cycling
1.3 Thereductioninstructuralcontinuityisestimatedbythe
at higher or lower temperatures, especially if the existing
difference in sonic velocity before and after thermal cycling.
morphology of the refractory product changes.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.3 Thistestmethodisusefulforresearchanddevelopment,
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only as well as for comparing refractory products. The precision
and are not considered standard.
should be considered when using this test for specification
purposes.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.4 Ruggedness tests found the following variables to be
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
rugged:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
temperature +5°C
1 3
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
hot spacing ⁄2 to ⁄4 in. (12.77 to 19 mm)
1 3
cold spacing ⁄2 to ⁄4 in. (12.77 to 19 mm)
center vs. end gripping of the bars
2. Referenced Documents
hot holdtime 10to15min
coldholdtime 10to15min
2.1 ASTM Standards:
operator air speed 0 to 2 mi/h (0 to 3.2 km/h)
C133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-
initially cold or heated samples
lus of Rupture of Refractories
last in, first out (LIFO); or first in, first out (FIFO)
removal from the furnace
C607 Practice for Coking Large Shapes of Carbon-Bearing
sawed or original surface as tensile face during MOR testing
Materials
bar thickness 0.96 to 1.04 in. (24.5 to 26.4 mm)
C1419 Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Refractory Mate-
rials at Room Temperature and Its Use in Obtaining an
4. Apparatus
Approximate Young’s Modulus
4.1 Furnace, capable of maintaining 1200°C (2190°F) with
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
recovery rate of less than 5 min to temperature.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
4.2 Abrasive Saw, to cut the test specimens.
4.3 Dryer, capable of operating at 105°C to 110°C (220°F to
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
230°F).
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.02 on Thermal
Properties.
4.4 Tongs or Fork, for handling hot specimens.
Current edition approved March 1, 2011. Published May 2011. Originally
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C1171 – 05. DOI:
4.5 Safety Equipment, such as gloves, face shields, and
10.1520/C1171-05R11.
tinted safety glasses.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.6 AluminaSetterBrick, 90 %, placed 5 in. (127 mm) apart
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. in and outside the furnace.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1171 − 05 (2011)
7. Procedure
7.1 Measure the sonic velocity along the length of each test
specimen according to Test Method C1419 and divide the
specimens into two equal groups on the basis of similar
distributions of velocity measurements.
7.2 Determine the cold modulus of rupture (using Test
Methods C133) on one group, using three point loading with a
5-in. (127-mm) span and a loading rate of 175 lbf/min (778
N/mm).
7.3 Preheat the test furnace to the test temperature of 1200
6 15°C (2190 6 25°F); preheating is usually done the night
FIG. 1 Foil Wrapping for Prism Shock Test (Not to Scale)
prior to testing. Use of other test temperatures is allowed and
must be included as a deviation in the report.
4.7 Strength Testing Machine—Any form of standard me-
7.4 Place the test specimens from the remaining group into
chanical or hydraulic compression testing machine that con-
the furnace spanning the setter brick and allow them to remain
forms to the requirements of Practices E4 may be used.
there for 10 to 15 min. Then, remove the specimens from the
4.8 Sonic Velocity Machine—Test apparatus conforming to
furnaceandallowthemtocoolfor10to15minwhilespanning
the section on Test Apparatus of Test Method C1419. thesetterbrickinambientair.Thisisconsideredonefullcycle.
1 3
Keep the specimens ⁄2 to ⁄4 in. (12.77 to 19 mm) apart during
5. Sampling
each 10 to 15 min interval. Repeat for a total of five full cycles.
Cycle time in the furnace starts after recovery.
5.1 The sampling shall consist of at least two bricks or
shapes, or test samples made from monolithic refractories. At
7.5 Measure the sonic velocity (using Test Method C1419)
least ten test specimens shall be used. An equal number of
along the length of each cycled test specimen.
specimens shall be taken from each of the bricks or shapes.
7.6 Determine the cold modulus of rupture (using Test
5.2 Samples should be prefired to a temperature at least as
Methods C133) of each
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