ASTM D6046-18

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6046 − 17 D6046 − 18
Standard Classification of
1
Hydraulic Fluids for Environmental Impact
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6046; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This classification covers all unused fully formulated hydraulic fluids in their original form.
1.2 This classification establishes categories for the impact of hydraulic fluids on different environmental compartments as
shown in Table 1. Fluids are assigned designations within these categories; for example PwL, Pwe, and so forth, based on
performance in specified tests.
1.3 In the current version of this classification the This classification includes environmental persistence and acute ecotoxicity
as aspects of environmental impact included are environmental persistence of which biodegradability is one component and acute
ecotoxicity. impact. Although environmental persistence is discussed first, this classification does not imply that considerations of
environmental persistence should take precedence over concerns for ecotoxicity.
1.3.1 Environmental persistence describes long term impact of hydraulic fluids to the environment. Environmental persistence
is preferably measured by ultimate biodegradation but can also be measured by other means.
1.3.2 Acute toxicity describes the immediate toxic impact of hydraulic fluids to the environment. Acute toxicity is preferably
measured by the three trophic levels of aquatic organisms (Algae, Crustacea, and Fish).
1.4 Another important aspect of environmental impact is bioaccumulation. This aspect is not addressed in the present
classification because adequate test methods do not yet exist to measure bioaccumulation of hydraulic fluids.
1.5 The present classification addresses the fresh water and soil environmental compartments. At this time marine and anaerobic
environmental compartments are not included, although they are pertinent for many uses of hydraulic fluids. Hydraulic fluids are
expected to have no significant impact on the atmosphere; therefore that compartment is not addressed.
1.6 This classification addresses releases to the environment which are incidental to the use of a hydraulic fluid. The
classification is not intended to address environmental impact in situations of major, accidental release. Nothing in this
classification should be taken to relieve the user of the responsibility to properly use and dispose of hydraulic fluids.
1.7 This classification does not cover any performance properties of a hydraulic fluid which relate to its performance in a
hydraulic system.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5291 Test Methods for Instrumental Determination of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components
D6006 Guide for Assessing Biodegradability of Hydraulic Fluids
D6081 Practice for Aquatic Toxicity Testing of Lubricants: Sample Preparation and Results Interpretation
1
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017Oct. 1, 2018. Published October 2017October 2018. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20122017 as
D6046 – 02 (2012).D6046 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/D6046-17.10.1520/D6046-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM websi
...

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6046 − 18
Standard Classification of
1
Hydraulic Fluids for Environmental Impact
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6046; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* in situations of major, accidental release. Nothing in this
classification should be taken to relieve the user of the
1.1 This classification covers all unused fully formulated
responsibility to properly use and dispose of hydraulic fluids.
hydraulic fluids in their original form.
1.7 This classification does not cover any performance
1.2 This classification establishes categories for the impact
properties of a hydraulic fluid which relate to its performance
of hydraulic fluids on different environmental compartments as
in a hydraulic system.
shown in Table 1. Fluids are assigned designations within these
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
categories; for example PwL, Pwe, and so forth, based on
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
performance in specified tests.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.3 This classification includes environmental persistence
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
and acute ecotoxicity as aspects of environmental impact.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Although environmental persistence is discussed first, this
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
classification does not imply that considerations of environ-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
mental persistence should take precedence over concerns for
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ecotoxicity.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.3.1 Environmental persistence describes long term impact
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
of hydraulic fluids to the environment. Environmental persis-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
tence is preferably measured by ultimate biodegradation but
can also be measured by other means.
2. Referenced Documents
1.3.2 Acute toxicity describes the immediate toxic impact of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
hydraulic fluids to the environment. Acute toxicity is prefer-
D5291 Test Methods for Instrumental Determination of
ably measured by the three trophic levels of aquatic organisms
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Petroleum Products
(Algae, Crustacea, and Fish).
and Lubricants
1.4 Another important aspect of environmental impact is
D5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Bio-
bioaccumulation. This aspect is not addressed in the present
degradation of Lubricants or Their Components
classification because adequate test methods do not yet exist to
D6006 Guide for Assessing Biodegradability of Hydraulic
measure bioaccumulation of hydraulic fluids.
Fluids
1.5 The present classification addresses the fresh water and D6081 Practice for Aquatic Toxicity Testing of Lubricants:
soil environmental compartments. At this time marine and
Sample Preparation and Results Interpretation
anaerobic environmental compartments are not included, al- E943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Envi-
though they are pertinent for many uses of hydraulic fluids.
ronmental Fate
Hydraulic fluids are expected to have no significant impact on E1440 Guide for Acute Toxicity Test with the Rotifer Bra-
the atmosphere; therefore that compartment is not addressed.
chionus
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
1.6 This classification addresses releases to the environment
International Standard ISO Test 9439:1990 Technical Corri-
which are incidental to the use of a hydraulic fluid. The
gendum 1, Water Quality—Evaluation in An Aqueous
classification is not intended to address environmental impact
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Subcommittee D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018. Published October 2018. Originally Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D6046 – 17. DOI: 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. All standards referenced are
10.1520/D6046-18. from the OECD Guidelines for Testing
...