ASTM D6006-11
(Guide)Standard Guide for Assessing Biodegradability of Hydraulic Fluids
Standard Guide for Assessing Biodegradability of Hydraulic Fluids
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide discusses ways to assess the likelihood that a hydraulic fluid will undergo biodegradation if it enters an environment that is known to support biodegradation of some substances, for example the material used as the positive control in the test. The information can be used in making or assessing claims of biodegradability of a fluid formula.
Biodegradation occurs when a fluid interacts with the environment, and so the extent of biodegradation is a function of both the chemical composition of the hydraulic fluid and the physical, chemical, and biological status of the environment at the time the fluid enters it. This guide cannot assist in judging the status of a particular environment, so it is not meant to provide standards for judging the persistence of a hydraulic fluid in any specific environment either natural or man-made.
If any of the tests discussed in this guide gives a high result, it implies that the hydraulic fluid will biodegrade and will not persist in the environmental compartment being considered. If a low result is obtained, it does not mean necessarily that the substance will not biodegrade in the environment, but does mean that further testing is required if a claim of biodegradability is to be made. Such testing may include, but is not limited to, other tests mentioned in this guide or simulation tests for a particular environmental compartment.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers and provides information to assist in planning a laboratory test or series of tests from which may be inferred information about the biodegradability of an unused fully formulated hydraulic fluid in its original form. Biodegradability is one of three characteristics which are assessed when judging the environmental impact of a hydraulic fluid. The other two characteristics are ecotoxicity and bioaccumulation.
1.2 Biodegradability may be considered by type of environmental compartment: aerobic fresh water, aerobic marine, aerobic soil, and anaerobic media. Test methods for aerobic fresh water, aerobic soil and anaerobic media have been developed that are appropriate for the concerns and needs of testing in each compartment.
1.3 This guide addresses releases to the environment that are incidental to the use of a hydraulic fluid but is not intended to cover situations of major, accidental release. The tests discussed in this guide take a minimum of three to four weeks. Therefore, issues relating to the biodegradability of hydraulic fluid are more effectively addressed before the fluid is used, and thus before incidental release may occur. Nothing in this guide should be taken to relieve the user of the responsibility to properly use and dispose of hydraulic fluids.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6006 − 11
Standard Guide for
1
Assessing Biodegradability of Hydraulic Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6006; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This guide covers and provides information to assist in 2.1 ASTM Standards:
planning a laboratory test or series of tests from which may be D5210 Test Method for Determining theAnaerobic Biodeg-
inferred information about the biodegradability of an unused radation of Plastic Materials in the Presence of Municipal
fully formulated hydraulic fluid in its original form. Biode- Sewage Sludge
gradability is one of three characteristics which are assessed D5291 Test Methods for Instrumental Determination of
when judging the environmental impact of a hydraulic fluid. Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Petroleum Products
The other two characteristics are ecotoxicity and bioaccumu- and Lubricants
lation. D5480 Test Method for Engine Oil Volatility by Gas Chro-
3
matography (Withdrawn 2003)
1.2 Biodegradability may be considered by type of environ-
D5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Bio-
mental compartment: aerobic fresh water, aerobic marine,
degradation of Lubricants or Their Components
aerobic soil, and anaerobic media. Test methods for aerobic
E1196
fresh water, aerobic soil and anaerobic media have been
2.2 ISO Standards:
developed that are appropriate for the concerns and needs of
ISO 9439:1990 Technical Corrigendum I, Water Quali-
testing in each compartment.
ty–Evaluation in an Aqueous Medium of the Ultimate
4
1.3 This guide addresses releases to the environment that
Biodegradability of Organic Compounds
are incidental to the use of a hydraulic fluid but is not intended
ISO 4259:1992(E) Petroleum Products–Determination and
to cover situations of major, accidental release. The tests
Application of Precision Data in Relation to Methods of
4
discussed in this guide take a minimum of three to four weeks.
Test
Therefore, issues relating to the biodegradability of hydraulic
2.3 OECD Standards:
fluid are more effectively addressed before the fluid is used,
OECD 301B (the Modified Sturm Test) Guidelines for
5
and thus before incidental release may occur. Nothing in this
Testing Chemicals
guide should be taken to relieve the user of the responsibility
OECD 301F (the Manometric Respirometry Test) Guide-
5
to properly use and dispose of hydraulic fluids.
lines for Testing of Chemicals
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3. Terminology
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 aerobic, adj—1. taking place in the presence of
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
oxygen; 2. living or active in the presence of oxygen.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
1 3
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.12 on www.astm.org.
4
Environmental Standards for Lubricants. Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Current edition approved March 1, 2011. Published March 2011. Originally 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
5
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6006–97a(2008). Available from Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development
DOI: 10.1520/D6006-11. (OECD), 2, rue André Pascal, F-75775 Paris Cedex 16, France.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6006 − 11
3.1.2 anaerobic, adj—1. taking place in the absence of 3.1.10.1 Discussion—The extent to which the results of a
oxygen; 2. living or active in the absence of oxygen. primary biodegradation test correspond to the biological con-
version of the test substance will depend on the attribute which
3.1.3 biodegradation, n—the process of chemical break-
is being measured.
down or transformation of a substance caused by organisms or
3.1.11 so
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6006–97a (Reapproved 2008) Designation:D6006–11
Standard Guide for
1
Assessing Biodegradability of Hydraulic Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6006; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers and provides information to assist in planning a laboratory test or series of tests from which may be
inferred information about the biodegradability of an unused fully formulated hydraulic fluid in its original form. Biodegradability
is one of three characteristics which are assessed when judging the environmental impact of a hydraulic fluid. The other two
characteristics are ecotoxicity and bioaccumulation.
1.2 Biodegradability may be considered by type of environmental compartment: aerobic fresh water, aerobic marine, aerobic
soil, and anaerobic media. Test methods for aerobic fresh water, aerobic soil and anaerobic media have been developed that are
appropriate for the concerns and needs of testing in each compartment.
1.3 Thisguideaddressesreleasestotheenvironmentthatareincidentaltotheuseofahydraulicfluidbutisnotintendedtocover
situations of major, accidental release. The tests discussed in this guide take a minimum of three to four weeks. Therefore, issues
relating to the biodegradability of hydraulic fluid are more effectively addressed before the fluid is used, and thus before incidental
release may occur. Nothing in this guide should be taken to relieve the user of the responsibility to properly use and dispose of
hydraulic fluids.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5210 Test Method for Determining the Anaerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials in the Presence of Municipal Sewage
Sludge
D5291 Test Methods for Instrumental Determination of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D5480 Test Method for Engine Oil Volatility by Gas Chromatography
D5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components
3
E1196 Test Method for Determining the Anaerobic Biodegradation Potential of Organic Chemicals3
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 9439:1990 Technical Corrigendum I, Water Quality–Evaluation in an Aqueous Medium of the Ultimate Biodegradability
4
of Organic Compounds
4
ISO 4259:1992(E) Petroleum Products–Determination and Application of Precision Data in Relation to Methods of Test
2.3 OECD Standards:
5
OECD 301B (the Modified Sturm Test) Guidelines for Testing Chemicals
5
OECD 301F (the Manometric Respirometry Test) Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.12 on
Environmental Standards for Lubricants.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2008. Published December 2008. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6006–97a(2003). DOI:
10.1520/D6006-97AR08.
Current edition approved March 1, 2011. Published March 2011. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6006–97a(2008). DOI:
10.1520/D6006-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), 2, rue André Pascal, F-75775 Paris Cedex 16, France.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
5
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this standard.
5
Available from Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), 2, rue André Pascal, F-75775 Paris Cedex 16, France.
...
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