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ASTM E1765-07

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Applying Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to Multiattribute Decision Analysis of Investments Related to Buildings and Building Systems

Standard Practice for Applying Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to Multiattribute Decision Analysis of Investments Related to Buildings and Building Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The AHP method allows you to generate a single measure of desirability for project alternatives with respect to multiple attributes (qualitative and quantitative). By contrast, life-cycle cost (Practice E 917), net savings (Practice E 1074), savings-to-investment ratio (Practice E 964), internal rate-of-return (Practice E 1057), and payback (Practice E 1121) methods all require you to put a monetary value on benefits and costs in order to include them in a measure of project worth.
Use AHP to evaluate a finite and generally small set of discrete and predetermined options or alternatives. Specific AHP applications are ranking and choosing among alternatives. For example, rank alternative building locations with AHP to see how they measure up to one another, or use AHP to choose among building materials to see which is best for your application.
Use AHP if no single alternative exhibits the most preferred available value or performance for all attributes. This is often the result of an underlying trade-off relationship among attributes. An example is the trade-off between low desired energy costs and large glass window areas (which may raise heating and cooling costs while lowering lighting costs).
Use AHP to evaluate alternatives whose attributes are not all measurable in the same units. Also use AHP when performance relative to some or all of the attributes is impractical, impossible, or too costly to measure. For example, while life-cycle costs are directly measured in monetary units, the number and size of offices are measured in other units, and the public image of a building may not be practically measurable in any unit. To help you choose among candidate buildings with these diverse attributes, use AHP to evaluate your alternatives.
Potential users of AHP include architects, developers, owners, or lessors of buildings, real estate professionals (commercial and residential), facility managers, building material manufacturers, and agencies managing buildi...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice presents a procedure for calculating and interpreting AHP scores of a project's total overall desirability when making building-related capital investment decisions.
1.2 In addition to monetary benefits and costs, the procedure allows for the consideration of characteristics or attributes which decision makers regard as important, but which are not readily expressed in monetary terms. Examples of such attributes that pertain to the selection of a building alternative (and its surroundings) are location/accessibility, site security, maintainability, quality of the sound and visual environment, and image to the public and occupants.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2007
ICS
03.100.50 - Production. Production management
91.010.99 - Other aspects
Technical Committee
E06 - Performance of Buildings
Drafting Committee
E06.81 - Building Economics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E1765-02 - Standard Practice for Applying Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to Multiattribute Decision Analysis of Investments Related to Buildings and Building Systems
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Replaced By
ASTM E1765-07e1 - Standard Practice for Applying Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to Multiattribute Decision Analysis of Investments Related to Buildings and Building Systems
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Referred By
ASTM E2204-15(2020)e1 - Standard Guide for Summarizing the Economic Impacts of Building-Related Projects
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Referred By
ASTM E964-15(2020)e1 - Standard Practice for Measuring Benefit-to-Cost and Savings-to-Investment Ratios for Buildings and Building Systems
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Referred By
ASTM E1074-15(2020)e1 - Standard Practice for Measuring Net Benefits and Net Savings for Investments in Buildings and Building Systems
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Referred By
ASTM E2506-15(2020)e1 - Standard Guide for Developing a Cost-Effective Risk Mitigation Plan for New and Existing Constructed Facilities
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Referred By
ASTM E1699-14(2020) - Standard Practice for Performing Value Engineering (VE)/Value Analysis (VA) of Projects, Products and Processes
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Referred By
ASTM E3130-21 - Standard Guide for Developing Cost-Effective Community Resilience Strategies
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Referred By
ASTM E2771-11(2019) - Standard Terminology for Homeland Security Applications
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Referred By
ASTM E1057-15(2020)e1 - Standard Practice for Measuring Internal Rate of Return and Adjusted Internal Rate of Return for Investments in Buildings and Building Systems
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Referred By
ASTM E917-17(2023) - Standard Practice for Measuring Life-Cycle Costs of Buildings and Building Systems
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Referred By
ASTM E2495-18 - Standard Practice for Prioritizing Asset Resources in Acquisition, Utilization, and Disposition
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Referred By
ASTM E2166-16(2023) - Standard Practice for Organizing and Managing Building Data
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007

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ASTM E1765-07 - Standard Practice for Applying Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to Multiattribute Decision Analysis of Investments Related to Buildings and Building SystemsASTM E1765-07 - Standard Practice for Applying Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to Multiattribute Decision Analysis of Investments Related to Buildings and Building Systems
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ASTM E1765-07 - Standard Practice for Applying Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to Multiattribute Decision Analysis of Investments Related to Buildings and Building Systems
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E 1765 – 07
Standard Practice for
Applying Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to
Multiattribute Decision Analysis of Investments Related to
1
Buildings and Building Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1765; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Theanalyticalhierarchyprocess(AHP)isoneofasetofmulti-attributedecisionanalysis(MADA)
methods that considers nonmonetary attributes (qualitative and quantitative) in addition to common
economic evaluation measures (such as life-cycle costing or net benefits) when evaluating project
alternatives.Building-relateddecisionsdependinpartonhowcompetingoptionsperformwithrespect
to nonmonetary attributes. This practice complements existing ASTM standards on building
economics by incorporating the existing economic/monetary measures of worth described in those
standards into a more comprehensive standard method of evaluation that includes nonmonetary
(quantitativeandnonquantitative)benefitsandcosts.TheAHPistheMADAmethoddescribedinthis
2
practice. It has three significant strengths: an efficient attribute weighting process of pairwise
comparisons; hierarchical descriptions of attributes, which keep the number of pairwise comparisons
3
manageable; and available software to facilitate its use.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
4
1.1 This practice presents a procedure for calculating and 2.1 ASTM Standards:
interpretingAHPscores of a project’s total overall desirability E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
3
when making building-related capital investment decisions. E833 Terminology of Building Economics
1.2 Inadditiontomonetarybenefitsandcosts,theprocedure E917 PracticeforMeasuringLife-CycleCostsofBuildings
allows for the consideration of characteristics or attributes and Building Systems
which decision makers regard as important, but which are not E964 Practice for Measuring Benefit-to-Cost and Savings-
readily expressed in monetary terms. Examples of such at- to-Investment Ratios for Buildings and Building Systems
tributes that pertain to the selection of a building alternative E1057 Practice for Measuring Internal Rate of Return and
(and its surroundings) are location/accessibility, site security, Adjusted Internal Rate of Return for Investments in Build-
maintainability, quality of the sound and visual environment, ings and Building Systems
and image to the public and occupants. E1074 Practice for Measuring Net Benefits and Net Sav-
ings for Investments in Buildings and Building Systems
E1121 Practice for Measuring Payback for Investments in
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor-
Buildings and Building Systems
mance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.81 on
E1334 Practice for Rating the Serviceability of a Building
Building Economics.
Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originally or Building-Related Facility
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E1765–02.
E1480 Terminology of Facility Management (Building-
2
For an extensive overview of MADAmethods and a detailed treatment of how
Related)
to apply two MADAmethods (one of which isAHP) to building-related decisions,
E1557 Classification for Building Elements and Related
see Norris, G. A., and Marshall, H. E., Multiattribute Decision Analysis: Recom-
mended Method for Evaluating Buildings and Building Systems , National Institute
of Standards and Technology, 1995.
3 4
Thispracticepresentsastand-aloneprocedureforperforminganAHPanalysis. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
In addition, an ASTM software product for performing AHP analyses has been contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
developedtosupportandfacilitateuseofthispractice. User’s Guide to AHP/Expert Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Choice for ASTM Building Evaluation , MNL 29, ASTM, 1998. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1765–07
Sitework—UNIFORMAT II recognizethethreetypesofproblemsthatMADAcanaddress:
E1660 ClassificationforServiceabilityofanOfficeFacility screening alternatives, ranking alternatives, and choosing a
for Support for Office Work final “best” alternative.
E1661 ClassificationforServiceabilityofanOfficeFacility
4.2 A comprehensive list of selected attributes (monetary
for Meetings and Group Effectiveness
and
...

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Standard Practice for Applying Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to Multiattribute Decision Analysis of Investments Related to Projects, Products, and Processes

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5.1 The AHP method allows you to generate a single measure of desirability for project/product/process alternatives with respect to multiple attributes (qualitative and quantitative). By contrast, life-cycle cost (Practice E917), net savings (Practice E1074), savings-to-investment ratio (Practice E964), internal rate-of-return (Practice E1057), and payback (Practice E1121) methods all require you to put a monetary value on benefits and costs in order to include them in a measure of project/product/process worth.  
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1.1 This practice presents a procedure for calculating and interpreting AHP scores of a project’s/product’s/process’ total overall desirability when making capital investment decisions.3 Projects include design, construction, operation, and disposal of commercial and residential buildings and other engineered structures.4 Products include materials, components, systems, and equipment.5 Processes include procurement, materials management, work flow, fabrication and assembly, quality control, and services.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The AHP method allows you to generate a single measure of desirability for project/product/process alternatives with respect to multiple attributes (qualitative and quantitative). By contrast, life-cycle cost (Practice E917), net savings (Practice E1074), savings-to-investment ratio (Practice E964), internal rate-of-return (Practice E1057), and payback (Practice E1121) methods all require you to put a monetary value on benefits and costs in order to include them in a measure of project/product/process worth.  
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This specification covers UNS N06002, UNS N06030, UNS N06035, UNS N06022, UNS N06200, UNS N06230, UNS N06600, UNS N06617, UNS N06625, UNS N08020, UNS N08026, UNS N08024, UNS N08120, UNS N08926, UNS N08367, UNS N10242, UNS N10276, UNS N10665, UNS N10675, UNS N12160, UNS R20033, UNS N06059, UNS N06686, UNS N10629, UNS N08031, UNS N06045, UNS N06025, and UNS R30556 nickel alloy billets and bars for reforging. The products shall be hot worked from ingots by rolling, forging, extruding, hammering, or pressing. The material shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed by the reference material. The chemical composition of the material shall be determined by chemical analysis in accordance with test method E1473.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers UNS N06002, UNS N06030, UNS N06035, UNS N06022, UNS N06200, UNS N10362, UNS N06230, UNS N06600, UNS N06617, UNS N06625, UNS N08020, UNS N08026, UNS N08024, UNS N08120, UNS N08926, UNS N08367, UNS N10242, UNS N10276, UNS N10665, UNS N10675, UNS N12160, UNS R20033, UNS N06059, UNS N06686, UNS N10629, UNS N08031, UNS N06045, UNS N06025, UNS N06699, and UNS R305562 billets and bars for reforging.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
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  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off