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ASTM D1828-01e1

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Atmospheric Exposure of Adhesive-Bonded Joints and Structures

Standard Practice for Atmospheric Exposure of Adhesive-Bonded Joints and Structures

SCOPE
1.1 This practice defines the procedure for the direct exposure of adhesive bonded joints and structures to natural atmospheric environments.
1.2 The procedure for sheltered atmospheric exposure, such as a Stevenson screen (1), of adhesive-bonded joints and specimens is the same except for the requirements of facing south and measurement of solar radiation.
1.3 This practice is limited to the procedure by which samples are exposed and does not cover the tests that may be used to evaluate the effects of atmospheric exposure on these adhesive-bonded joints and structures. These samples could be any one of several varieties.
1.3.1 A complete structure for test,
1.3.2 A section of a structure for test,
1.3.3 A complete structure or section with strength observations on specimens cut therefrom,
1.3.4 Test specimens themselves, or
1.3.5 Any of the above, mounted under stress.
1.4 Suitable test methods for evaluation of the effects of exposure include nondestructive qualitative or quantitative observations on the same sample at prescribed intervals, or destructive tests on separate sets of specimens in accordance with such tests as Test Method D 1002.
Note 1—See Test Methods D 896 and D 897.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Oct-2001
ICS
83.180 - Adhesives
Technical Committee
D14 - Adhesives
Drafting Committee
D14.40 - Adhesives for Plastics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1828-01 - Standard Practice for Atmospheric Exposure of Adhesive-Bonded Joints and Structures
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Replaced By
ASTM D1828-01(2007) - Standard Practice for Atmospheric Exposure of Adhesive-Bonded Joints and Structures
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Referred By
ASTM D6465-99(2016) - Standard Guide for Selecting Aerospace and General Purpose Adhesives and Sealants
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM D2918-99(2020) - Standard Test Method for Durability Assessment of Adhesive Joints Stressed in Peel
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM D2919-01(2023) - Standard Test Method for Determining Durability of Adhesive Joints Stressed in Shear by Tension Loading
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001

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ASTM D1828-01e1 - Standard Practice for Atmospheric Exposure of Adhesive-Bonded Joints and StructuresASTM D1828-01e1 - Standard Practice for Atmospheric Exposure of Adhesive-Bonded Joints and Structures
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ASTM D1828-01e1 - Standard Practice for Atmospheric Exposure of Adhesive-Bonded Joints and Structures
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
e1
Designation:D1828–01
Standard Practice for
Atmospheric Exposure of Adhesive-Bonded Joints and
1
Structures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1828; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Adjunct references were corrected editorially in April 2006.
1. Scope 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This practice defines the procedure for the direct expo-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sure of adhesive bonded joints and structures to natural
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
atmospheric environments.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 The procedure for sheltered atmospheric exposure, such
2
as a Stevenson screen (1), of adhesive-bonded joints and
2. Referenced Documents
specimens is the same except for the requirements of facing
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
south and measurement of solar radiation.
D 896 Practice for Resistance ofAdhesive Bonds to Chemi-
1.3 This practice is limited to the procedure by which
cal Reagents
samples are exposed and does not cover the tests that may be
D 897 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Adhesive
used to evaluate the effects of atmospheric exposure on these
Bonds
adhesive-bonded joints and structures. These samples could be
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
any one of several varieties.
D 1002 Test Method forApparent Shear Strength of Single-
1.3.1 A complete structure for test,
Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-
1.3.2 A section of a structure for test,
sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
1.3.3 A complete structure or section with strength obser-
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
vations on specimens cut therefrom,
4
ASTM Standard Racks and Pipe Frames Blueprints
1.3.4 Test specimens themselves, or
1.3.5 Any of the above, mounted under stress.
3. Terminology
1.4 Suitable test methods for evaluation of the effects of
3.1 Definitions:
exposure include nondestructive qualitative or quantitative
3.1.1 Many terms used in this practice are defined in
observations on the same sample at prescribed intervals, or
Terminology D 907.
destructive tests on separate sets of specimens in accordance
with such tests as Test Method D 1002.
4. Significance and Use
NOTE 1—See Test Methods D 896 and D 897.
4.1 The atmospheric exposure tests described in this prac-
tice will evaluate the stability of the adhesive bond only in
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
termsofaparticularnaturalatmosphere.Sincetheatmospheric
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
conditions vary greatly from year to year, these results will not
only.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.40 on Adhesives for Plastics. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2001. Published December 2001. Originally the ASTM website.
4
published as D 1828 – 61 T. Last previous edition D 1828 – 96. Blueprints of ASTM standard racks and pipe frames may be obtained from
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of ASTM International Headquarters. OrderAdjunct No.ADJD1828. Original adjunct
this practice. produced in 1957.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
e1
D1828–01
be as reproducible as those derived from laboratory aging relative location of the specimens in the sample, as effects that
procedures. Considerable research has shown that laboratory depend on the distance of the specimen from the exposed edge
artificial weathering tests will not give consistently good of the sample have been noted.
correlation with outdoor test exposures (2, 3, 4). 7.2 Provide for the number of specimens required by each
test method plus at least one additional specimen for each test
5. Exposure Sites
method with the number of specimens cut from each sample.
The additional specimens serve as spares in the event of an
5.1 The choice of exposure sites is dependent upon the
objective of the particular test program. anomalous or faulty specimen.
5.2 In the cases of both metallic and nonmetallic adherends,
NOTE 4—It is recommended that control specimens
...

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1.1.1 The performance of the adhesives is measured in the following tests:    
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Standard Test Method for Creep and Time to Failure of Adhesives in Static Shear by Compression Loading (Wood-to-Wood)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Creep data that are obtained over a relatively short period of time in this test method can provide a measure of an adhesive bond's ability to withstand static loading in shear over a relatively long period of time. Creep measurements are made over a range of expected service conditions, including level of stress, temperature, relative humidity, and duration of load. Creep rate, creep strain, and creep modulus are calculated at the various service conditions.  
4.2 Creep data can be used to (1) predict performance of an adhesive under long-term loading, (2) characterize an adhesive, (3) compare adhesives with each other and against specifications, and (4) design structural members fabricated with an adhesive.  
4.3 Time-to-failure data provide a measure of the ultimate load-carrying ability of an adhesive bond as a function of time at various levels of stress, temperature, and relative humidity.  
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4.5 This test method is a research tool intended for development or evaluation of new adhesives and new product designs. The researcher may select from suggested tests those that are appropriate. However, creep and time-to-failure tests are nonroutine and can be time-consuming and expensive, so tests must be selected with care.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of time-dependent properties of structural adhesives in wood-to-wood bonds when specimens are subjected to shearing stresses at various levels of static load, constant temperature, and relative humidity. Apparatus and procedures are provided for direct measurement of time-dependent shear deformation (creep) and time to failure of adhesive bonds under static load. Guidelines for selecting test conditions, methods for calculating creep rate, creep strain, creep modulus, and extrapolation of time to failure, are given along with methods of presenting these data.  
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Note 2: The method given here using the MSA is based on Practice G21, adapted to be used with adhesives. Requirements for the use of the MSA are described in 10.2, and a mixed species of fungi is prescribed in 8.2 for the inoculum.  
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4.1 Tension tests provide reasonably accurate information with regard to the tensile strength of adhesives. Tensile strength data may be suitable for specification acceptance, service evaluation, manufacturing control, research, and development. Tension tests are not considered significant for applications differing from the test in rate, direction, and type of loading.
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5.1 This test method evaluates the performance of the adhesive in laminated wood as measured by resistance to creep under static load.  
5.2 Test results from the evaluation of adhesive creep resistance, under designated environmental conditions of the test, provide a measure of the adhesive’s ability to withstand constant loading over a relatively long period of time.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of creep properties of structural adhesives in wood-to-wood bonds when a standardized specimen is subjected to shearing stresses at various levels of static load, constant temperature, and relative humidity. Apparatus and procedures are provided for shear deformation (creep) of adhesive bonds under static load. This test method is used under the indicated conditions to evaluate resistance to creep properties of a structural wood adhesive.  
1.2 The test method is used to evaluate creep performance of adhesives suitable for the bonding of wood, including treated wood, into structural wood products for general construction, marine use, or for other uses where a high-strength general construction, creep-resistant, durable adhesive bond is required. Individual block shear specimens are prepared from adhesively bonded laminations, subjected to a constant load under various combinations of temperature and relative humidity, and the amount of creep measured.  
1.3 Creep of structural wood adhesives as measured by this test method may not be comparative to other ASTM methods and is limited to the conditions of the test and procedures contained herein.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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5.1 This test method provides reasonably accurate information with regard to the determination of the securing or locking effect of adhesives used in threaded fasteners. This test method may also be used to determine the degree of cure and the effect of environment on torque strength.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to make comparative assessments of the securing or locking effect of adhesives used in threaded assemblies.  
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1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D3929-03(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Evaluating Stress Cracking of Plastics by Adhesives Using the Bent-Beam Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed for obtaining a qualitative estimate of the compatibility of plastics and adhesives. Due to the many process variables associated with the fabrication of plastic parts, it is not possible to use this test as a substitute for compatibility tests on actual parts.  
5.2 The detection of cracks or crazes may be determined with or without optical aid. Make comparisons only among tests employing crack detection methods of equivalent sensitivity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the compatibility of adhesives with plastics based on whether the adhesive causes cracking of stressed samples.  
1.2 Specimen configurations and test fixture designs are given.  
1.3 This test method is suitable for products in the form of sheet or strip. It can also be used on injection molded tensile specimens or flexural bars.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D907-15(2023)(Terminology)
Standard Terminology of Adhesives

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard is a compilation of definitions used in the science and technology of the adhesives industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
1.2 Any changes in this standard since 1988 are documented as follows:  
1.2.1 Appendix X1 gives a history of revisions made since 1988. Table X1.1 lists the terms that are affected as: (1) Terms Added, (2) Terms Revised, and (3) Terms Deleted.
1.2.1.1 In Table X1.1, the year of publication in Volume 15.06 is shown in parentheses following the term.  
1.2.2 In the text of the standard, the year of publication is shown following each definition. Also, the following codes are included after the year of publication to describe the type change that was made: (A) Addition, (R) Revision, or (E) Edited.  
1.2.3 Deletions are shown in Appendix X1, suitably footnoted. The deleted terms do not appear in the text of the standard.  
1.2.4 Any special circumstances not covered by 1.2.2 and 1.2.3 are documented in Table X1.1, suitably footnoted.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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