ASTM E2452-05

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E2452–05
Standard Practice for
Equipment Management Process Maturity (EMPM) Model
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2452; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Life-cycle equipment management has a great impact on business operations of almost all entities.
In fact, the success or failure on an entity may hinge on how effectively and efficiently an entity
performs in the equipment management life-cycle. Entities that sustain high maturity levels will
generallybemoreeffectiveorcompetitiveorboththanentitieswithlowermaturitylevelsinthatthese
entities will more efficiently and effectively acquire what is needed, use and control equipment better,
and dispose of equipment when no longer sufficiently suitable for operations.
1. Scope E 2131 Practice for Assessing Loss, Damage, or Destruc-
tion of Property
1.1 This practice covers a process for the assessment and
E 2132 PracticeforPhysicalInventoryofDurable,Movable
reporting of an entity’s overall equipment management process
Property
maturity (EMPM).
E 2135 Terminology for Property and Asset Management
1.2 The highest value is placed on continuous improvement
E 2219 Practice for Valuation and Management of Move-
as reflected in measured increases in maturity over time.
able, Durable Property
1.3 The EMPM model is designed to be applicable and
E 2220 Practice for Establishing the Full Valuation of the
appropriate for all equipment-holding entities, however, the
Loss/Overage Population Identified During the Inventory
EMPM may not be the only acceptable assessment model
of Moveable, Durable Property
available.
E 2221 Practice for Administrative Control of Property
1.4 It includes all aspects of equipment management.
E 2279 Practice for the Guiding Principles of Property
1.5 In addition to applicability to equipment and equipment
Management
management as defined in this practice, this practice may in
whole or in part be effectively applied to intangible property,
3. Terminology
real property, and material.
3.1 Definitions:
1.6 There is great variation across organizations regarding
3.1.1 entity, n—agency, company, organization, or institu-
the internal departments that accomplish the various aspects of
tion.
equipment management. Thus, all criteria are not applicable to
3.1.2 equipment, n—non-expendable, tangible, moveable
all entities.
property needed for the performance of a task or useful in
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
effecting an obligation. E 2135
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.3 equipment management, n—systematic planning and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
control of equipment to optimize its service delivery potential
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
and the management of associated risks and costs throughout
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
its life-cycle in support of organizational objectives. This
2. Referenced Documents includestheprocessmanagementandpracticeofacquisitionor
2 construction of the equipment; its operation, maintenance, and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
modification while in use; and its disposal when no longer
required.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E53 on Property
3.1.4 operations, n—exercise of the tasks that constitute
Management Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E53.05 on
equipment management.
Property Management Maturity.
Current edition approved July 1, 2005. Published July 2005.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E2452–05
3.1.5 practice, n—a definitive set of instructions for per- equipment necessary to the functioning of the entity. It enables
forming one more specific operations that does not produce a a holistic approach and vision for achieving cost-effective,
test result. responsive equipment acquisition, use, and disposition. It
3.1.5.1 Discussion—Of the several types of standards listed clarifies and illuminates functional responsibilities and associ-
in the ASTM Style Guide, this standard is of the type ated functional areas.
designated as a practice. 4.2 The functional responsibilities chart in Table 1 presents
TABLE 1 Functional Responsibilities
Equipment Management Process Maturity (EMPM) Model
Responsibilities (P = Practice, M = Process management)
Con-
Internal Func- Sen- Mate- fig- IT Tool-
Asset Pro-
Responsibilities tional Pro- ior Re- rial ura- Asset Cali- ing
Man- Logis- Con- Import/ Ware- Qual- Fi- gram
in the Subject Org- cure- Man- ceiv- Man- tion Man- bra- Man- TBD
age- tics tracts Export house ity nance Con-
Organization ani- ment age- ing age- Man- age- tion age-
ment trol
(Example) zation ment ment age- ment ment
ment
1.0 Acquisition criteria
1.1 Process management
1.2 Practice
2.0 Use criteria
2.1 Process management
2.2 Practice
3.0 Disposition criteria
3.1 Process management
3.2 Practice
TABLE 2 Five Maturity Levels
Equipment Management Process Maturity (EMPM) Model
Maturity Levels
1.0 Basic Processes are generally ad hoc and chaotic; success depends primarily on heroics.
2.0 Managed Projects of the organization ensure requirements are managed and processes are planned, performed, measured,
and controlled.
3.0 Defined Processes are understood at the organizational level; standard organizational processes, standards, tools, and
methods exist that are tailored for use on the projects.
4.0 Quantitative and Predictive Sub processes are selected that significantly contribute to overall process performance and they are controlled
using quantitative techniques; quantitative objectives for quality and process performance are established;
special causes of variation are detected and corrected as appropriate.
5.0 Continuous improvement The organization focuses on continually improving process performance through both incremental and
technological improvements.
3.1.6 process management, n—planning and administering the distribution of duties as a hypothetical entity embarking on
the activities necessary to achieve a high level of performance an EMPM assessment.
in a process and identifying opportunities for improving
4.3 The equipment life-cycle as addressed in this practice
quality, operational performance, and ultimately, customer
encompasses three fundamental life-cycle phases: acquisition,
satisfaction. It involves design, control, and improvement of
use, and disposition.
key business processes.
4.4 This practice addresses two fundamental levels of
3.2 Acronyms:
equipment management activity within the entity: process
3.2.1 CIP—construction in progress
management and operations.
3.2.2 EMPM—equipment management process maturity
4.5 This practice recognizes five maturity levels (see Table
4. Summary of Practice
2).
4.1 The EMPM model provides insight into the effective-
ness of an entity as it acquires, uses, and disposes of the 5. Significance and Use
5.1 Internal—The EMPM provides assessment results that
are easy to understand and communicate. Areas requiring
From the ASTM Form and Style Guide, Available from ASTM International
Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
additional resources become apparent, and thus, can be more
19428-2959.
readily addressed. Improvement can be tracked in meaningful
Evans, James and Lindsay, William, The Management and Control of Quality,
ways. Assessment detail allows attention to be drawn to
1999, pg 340.
E2452–05
processes of exceptional maturity and areas in which changes 7.2.1.5 Best-in-Class Management—Best-in-class manage-
oradditionalresources,orboth,arerequiredtoachieveprocess ment practices and integrated management systems are recog-
improvements. nized, identified, and adopted. (See Practice E 2279.)
5.2 External—Meaningful comparisons to external require-
7.2.1.6 External Interface—Effective partnerships with ex-
ments are enabled. Comparisons of equipment management
ternal customers are established, and effective service is
between entities in different operational or business environ-
provided.
ments become meaningful and provide insight previously
7.2.2 Planning:
unavailable.
7.2.2.1 Strategic Plan—Entity has developed and imple-
mented an ongoing equipment management strategic planning
6. Applicability
process leading to a strategic plan with clear goals, objectives,
6.1 This practice may be applied to the entirety of the legal
and programs that is consistent with entity plans and objec-
entity or a clearly defined, designated constituent part.
tives.
6.2 An entity’s equipment holdings may encompass equip-
7.2.2.2 Metrics—Standard and entity specific measures
ment acquired by all legal means:
have been identified and implemented. Examples of metrics
6.2.1 Company owned equipment,
that may be used include: (1) average time taken to tag and
6.2.2 Leased equipment,
insert data into a property database upon receipt, (2) average
6.2.3 Licenses,
time taken for a property custodian to recognize data accuracy
6.2.4 Customer-provided equipment,
and physical control upon initial receipt, (3) average annual
6.2.5 Seized equipment,
cost of an inventory per item, (4) inventory accuracy per
6.2.6 Bailed equipment,
Practice E 2132, and (5) average time taken to dispose of an
6.2.7 Borrowed equipment, and
item once it is declared excess.
6.2.8 Loaned equipment.
7.2.2.3 Financial Plan—The entities need for equipment
6.3 This practice may be applied to the entirety of the
resources is viewed holistically, and financially planned.
entity’s equipment holdings or a clearly identified subset. This
7.2.3 Policy, Procedures, and Internal Controls:
designation constitutes the assessment universe for the desig-
nated entity.
7.2.3.1 Exercise of Responsibility—Equipment manage-
6.4 To the extent this practice is applied to a limited ment officials may assume that if a specific strategy, practice,
equipmentuniverseorislimitedtoaportionoftheentity,these
policy, or procedure is in the best interest of the agency,
limitations should be prominently noted when presenting company, institution, and stakeholders and is not addressed in
results of the assessment.
operating policies or a consensus standard nor prohibited by
6.5 This practice should be applied to the designated equip- law, executive order, or other regulation, that action, in
mentuniverseregardlessoftheinternalorganizationacquiring,
accordance with the strategy, practice, policy, or procedure, is
using, or disposing the equipment. an acceptable exercise of responsibility and authority. (See
Practice E 2279.)
7. Levels of Equipment Management Activity
7.2.3.2 Sound Policies—Entities have established policies
7.1 There are two fundamental levels of equipment man-
and management systems for the acquisition of equipment.
agement activity within the entity: process management and
7.2.3.3 Reutilization—Entity has programs to encourage the
operations.
reutilization of equipment and facilitate the reassignment of
7.2 Process management encompasses criteria for the
equipment among organizational elements when such equip-
people,processes,andsystemsinvolvedinequipmentmanage-
ment is determined to be no longer needed for the current
ment for each life-cycle phase.
purpose. (See Practice E 2279.)
7.2.1 Leadership:
7.2.3.4 Consensus Standards—Equipment management is
7.2.1.1 Outcome/Process Orientation—Management and
performed in accordance with existing applicable consensus
control systems are based on specific desired outcomes or
standards.
process-orientedmetricsthatencourageimprovedperformance
7.2.3.5 Available, Implemented, and Enforced—Entity has
and effective management. (See Practice E 2279.)
devised and maintains a system of internal management
7.2.1.2 Best Value Products—Management systems are de-
controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that: trans-
signed to deliver on a timely basis the “best value” product to
actions are executed in accordance with management’s general
the organization and its customers, while preserving the
orspecificauthorization;transactionsarerecordedasnecessary
confidence of internal and external stakeholders. (See Practice
in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles;
E 2279.)
access is limited; and the recorded accountability for equip-
7.2.1.3 Personal Initiative—Practitioners exercise personal
ment is compared with existing equipment at reasonable
initiative and sound business judgment in providing the “best
intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any
value” services to meet the organization’s needs. (See Practice
differences. (See Practice E 2279.)
E 2279.)
7.2.4 Personnel and Staffıng:
7.2.1.4 Lines of Authority/Accountability—Management
and control systems have clear, direct lines of authority and 7.2.4.1 Adequate Staffıng—Equipment management process
organizational accountability for performance and custodial management and operations roles are adequately staffed to
care. (See Practice E 2279.) achieve the entity’s equipment management goals and comply
E2452–05
with applicable external standards, laws, regulations, and reflect accurately and fairly the transactions and dispositions of
applicable agreements and contractual obligations. the equipment of the owner or owner’s agent. (See Practice
E 2279.)
7.2.4.2 Requisite Skills—Equipment management process
management and operations staffs have the requisite skills to 7.2.7.3 Equipment Identification—The entity ensures that
complete their jobs effectively. (See Practice E 2279.)
inventory control systems identify the economic and physical
characteristics of all tangible equipment that have a service life
7.2.4.3 Trained Staff—Equipment management process
in excess of two years and have a value consistent with the
management and operations staffs are adequately trained and
guidelines in Practice E 2220 or established by individual
have the opportunity for continuing education and advance-
federal agencies. (See Practice E 2279.)
ment.
7.2.5 Financial Management: 7.2.7.4 Summary Report Information—Summary report in-
formation is responsibly provided to those requiring
...