ASTM D3813/D3813M-98(2020)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Curling, Twisting, and Tubing on Unwind of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes
Standard Test Method for Curling, Twisting, and Tubing on Unwind of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method will provide information on the relative tendency of tapes to curl, twist, or form into a tube with touching edges. The amount of each is a predictor of the difficulty one might experience in handling strips of tape of any length during their application.
5.2 There are several causes for variation in the extent or degree of these characteristics and may vary themselves within a production lot of tape. Therefore, it is essential to use an accepted sampling plan (see Section 7) when it is desired to use this test method to compare two types of tape for acceptance sampling purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides one procedure for determining the extent of curling, the degree of twisting, and tendency to form a tube resulting from unwinding of the tape from its roll.
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Sep-2020
- Technical Committee
- D10 - Packaging
- Drafting Committee
- D10.14 - Tape and Labels
Relations
- Refers
ASTM D3715/D3715M-98(2019) - Standard Practice for Quality Assurance of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes - Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2019
- Effective Date
- 15-Mar-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2011
- Refers
ASTM D3715/D3715M-98(2011) - Standard Practice for Quality Assurance of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes - Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2006
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2004
- Effective Date
- 10-Apr-2002
- Effective Date
- 10-Apr-2002
- Effective Date
- 10-Apr-2001
- Effective Date
- 10-Apr-2001
- Effective Date
- 10-Apr-2001
- Effective Date
- 10-Apr-2001
Overview
ASTM D3813/D3813M-98(2020) is the globally recognized standard test method for evaluating curling, twisting, and tubing behavior of pressure-sensitive tapes during unwinding. Developed and maintained by ASTM International, this standard provides a procedure to objectively assess how tapes behave when removed from their rolls, specifically quantifying the degree of curling, twisting, or if the tape forms a tube with its edges touching. By applying this standard, manufacturers, quality assurance professionals, and end users gain critical insight into tape handling characteristics, which can impact tape performance and process efficiency.
This standard is widely used in the packaging, manufacturing, and distribution industries to ensure consistent tape quality and performance, supporting both acceptance testing and quality assurance processes.
Key Topics
Curling, Twisting, and Tubing on Unwind: The standard focuses on three behaviors observed when unwinding pressure-sensitive tapes:
- Curling: The degree to which a tape arches away from a flat plane.
- Twisting: The rotation or spiral that occurs along the tape’s length as it is unwound.
- Tubing: The tendency of the tape edges to touch and form a tube-like shape, which is generally cause for rejection.
Sampling and Test Specimens:
- Tests should follow an appropriate sampling plan such as ASTM Practice D3715/D3715M for quality assurance purposes.
- Specimens should represent various rolls and production batches for reliable comparison.
Test Procedure:
- The sample is unwound at a specified rate and released, after which the degree of curling, twisting, or tubing is observed and measured.
- Measurements are taken in millimeters (mm) or inches (in), and twisting is quantified in degrees of arc.
Reporting Requirements:
- Reports must indicate compliance with the standard, results of curling, twisting, any tubing observations, and any deviations from the method.
Applications
ASTM D3813/D3813M plays a vital role across several industries where pressure-sensitive tapes are critical for product integrity, process efficiency, and customer satisfaction. Key applications include:
Quality Assurance and Acceptance Testing:
- Ensures tape products meet required specifications before acceptance and use.
- Identifies potential manufacturing issues such as uneven winding or improper storage that may affect tape usability.
Comparative Analysis:
- Enables direct, standardized comparison between different tapes or between different production lots, guiding product selection and process improvements.
Process Optimization:
- Helps manufacturers minimize handling issues in automated or manual tape application processes, reducing waste and downtime.
End User Guidance:
- Provides users with actionable data on tape behavior, assisting in the selection of the appropriate tape for specific applications such as sealing, bonding, or packaging.
Related Standards
Several referenced and complementary ASTM standards support and enhance the application of ASTM D3813/D3813M:
- ASTM D996: Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environments – provides definitions critical to understanding testing parameters.
- ASTM D3715/D3715M: Practice for Quality Assurance of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes – guidance for effective sampling plans and quality control.
- ASTM D4332: Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing – outlines conditioning requirements prior to testing.
- ASTM E122: Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or Process – statistical guidance on sampling and result interpretation.
Keywords: ASTM D3813, pressure-sensitive tape, curling, twisting, tubing, packaging tape testing, tape quality assurance, unwind testing standard, tape selection, tape handling.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D3813/D3813M-98(2020) is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Test Method for Curling, Twisting, and Tubing on Unwind of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This test method will provide information on the relative tendency of tapes to curl, twist, or form into a tube with touching edges. The amount of each is a predictor of the difficulty one might experience in handling strips of tape of any length during their application. 5.2 There are several causes for variation in the extent or degree of these characteristics and may vary themselves within a production lot of tape. Therefore, it is essential to use an accepted sampling plan (see Section 7) when it is desired to use this test method to compare two types of tape for acceptance sampling purposes. SCOPE 1.1 This test method provides one procedure for determining the extent of curling, the degree of twisting, and tendency to form a tube resulting from unwinding of the tape from its roll. 1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This test method will provide information on the relative tendency of tapes to curl, twist, or form into a tube with touching edges. The amount of each is a predictor of the difficulty one might experience in handling strips of tape of any length during their application. 5.2 There are several causes for variation in the extent or degree of these characteristics and may vary themselves within a production lot of tape. Therefore, it is essential to use an accepted sampling plan (see Section 7) when it is desired to use this test method to compare two types of tape for acceptance sampling purposes. SCOPE 1.1 This test method provides one procedure for determining the extent of curling, the degree of twisting, and tendency to form a tube resulting from unwinding of the tape from its roll. 1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D3813/D3813M-98(2020) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 83.180 - Adhesives. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D3813/D3813M-98(2020) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D3715/D3715M-98(2019), ASTM D4332-13, ASTM E122-09e1, ASTM D3715/D3715M-98(2011), ASTM D996-10a, ASTM E122-09, ASTM E122-07, ASTM D4332-01(2006), ASTM D996-04, ASTM D996-02, ASTM D996-99, ASTM D4332-01e2, ASTM D4332-99, ASTM D4332-00, ASTM D4332-01. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D3813/D3813M-98(2020) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3813/D3813M − 98 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Method for
Curling, Twisting, and Tubing on Unwind of Pressure-
Sensitive Tapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3813/D3813M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
1.1 This test method provides one procedure for determin-
Lot or Process
ing the extent of curling, the degree of twisting, and tendency
to form a tube resulting from unwinding of the tape from its
3. Terminology
roll.
3.1 Definitions—General terms used in this test method are
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to
defined in Terminology D996.
be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
4. Summary of Test Method
must be used independently, without combining values in any
4.1 The sample roll of tape is placed on a free-turning
way.
spindle a specified distance above a horizontal plane.Astrip of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tape is drawn from the roll the distance to the plane at a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
specified rate and released. Any subsequent curling, twisting,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
or tubing of the strip is observed and measured.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
5. Significance and Use
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
5.1 Thistestmethodwillprovideinformationontherelative
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tendency of tapes to curl, twist, or form into a tube with
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
touching edges. The amount of each is a predictor of the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
difficultyonemightexperienceinhandlingstripsoftapeofany
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
length during their application.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.2 There are several causes for variation in the extent or
degree of these characteristics and may vary themselves within
2. Referenced Documents
a production lot of tape. Therefore, it is essential to use an
2.1 ASTM Standards:
acceptedsamplingplan(seeSection7)whenitisdesiredtouse
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
this test method to compare two types of tape for acceptance
ments
sampling purposes.
D3715/D3715M Practice for QualityAssurance of Pressure-
6. Apparatus
Sensitive Tapes
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or 3
6.1 Free-Turning Spindle, sized to fit snugly inside the
Packaging Components for Testing
sample tape core, with its axis firmly supported horizontally
and adjustable in height directly above a horizontal platform.
There should be no obstructions in the path between the
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
platform and the spindle.
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.14 on Tape and
NOTE 1—The horizontal platform can be a bench top or the floor.
Labels.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2020. Published October 2020. Originally
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D3813/
D3813M – 98 (2012). DOI: 10.1520/D3813_D3813M-98R20. The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or is Chemsultants International, 9349 Hamilton Dr., Mentor, OH 44061–1118. If you
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D3813/D3813M − 98 (2020)
7. Sampling 10.4.2 Measure the Twist of the Tape—Project an imaginary
line representing the end of the tab onto the horizontal
7.1 Acceptance Sampling—Sampling shall be in accordance
platform. This is don
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