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ASTM D2272-02

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Steam Turbine Oils by Rotating Pressure Vessel

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Steam Turbine Oils by Rotating Pressure Vessel

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The estimate of oxidation stability is useful in controlling the continuity of this property for batch acceptance of production lots having the same operation. It is not intended that this test method be a substitute for Test Method D 943or be used to compare the service lives of new oils of different compositions.
This test method is also used to assess the remaining oxidation test life of in-service oils.
Note 1—A modification of the rotating vessel method has been published as Test Method D 2112, which uses a similar procedure and apparatus but a lower (140°C) bath temperature. Test Method D 2112 requires duplicate testing and Test Method D 2272 conducted duplicate testing in the past.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method utilizes an oxygen-pressured vessel to evaluate the oxidation stability of new and in-service turbine oils having the same composition (base stock and additives) in the presence of water and a copper catalyst coil at 150°C.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 6.2, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.10, and 6.11.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Aug-2002
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.09.0C - Oxidation of Turbine Oils
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2272-98 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Steam Turbine Oils by Rotating Pressure Vessel
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Replaced By
ASTM D2272-09 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Steam Turbine Oils by Rotating Pressure Vessel
Effective Date
15-Jun-2009
Referred By
ASTM D2440-13(2021) - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Mineral Insulating Oil
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D7155-20 - Standard Practice for Evaluating Compatibility of Mixtures of Turbine Lubricating Oils
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D6971-22 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hindered Phenolic and Aromatic Amine Antioxidant Content in Non-zinc Turbine Oils by Linear Sweep Voltammetry
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D7098-21 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Lubricants by Thin-Film Oxygen Uptake (TFOUT) Catalyst B
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D4304-22 - Standard Specification for Mineral and Synthetic Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas Turbines
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D8506-23 - Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination and Biodeterioration in Turbine Oils and Turbine Oil Systems
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D7873-22a - Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxidation Stability and Insolubles Formation of Inhibited Turbine Oils at 120 °C Without the Inclusion of Water (Dry TOST Method)
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D6439-23 - Standard Guide for Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of Steam, Gas, and Hydroelectric Turbine Lubrication Systems
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D6224-22 - Standard Practice for In-Service Monitoring of Lubricating Oil for Auxiliary Power Plant Equipment
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D4378-22 - Standard Practice for In-Service Monitoring of Mineral Turbine Oils for Steam, Gas, and Combined Cycle Turbines
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D7820-19 - Standard Test Method for Engine Coolant Corrosion Protection Under Accelerated Thermal and Oxidizing Conditions Using a Rotating Pressure Vessel
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D4742-23 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline Automotive Engine Oils by Thin-Film Oxygen Uptake (TFOUT)
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002

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ASTM D2272-02 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Steam Turbine Oils by Rotating Pressure VesselASTM D2272-02 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Steam Turbine Oils by Rotating Pressure Vessel
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ASTM D2272-02 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Steam Turbine Oils by Rotating Pressure Vessel
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: D 2272 – 02
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Stability of Steam Turbine Oils by Rotating
1
Pressure Vessel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2272; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope Automotive Engine Oils by Thin-Film Oxygen Uptake
8
2 (TFOUT)
1.1 This test method utilizes an oxygen-pressured vessel to
9
2.2 British Standard:
evaluate the oxidation stability of new and in-service turbine
B2 2000 Part 0: Section 0.1,
oils having the same composition (base stock and additives) in
IP 37C Thermometer
the presence of water and a copper catalyst coil at 150°C.
10
2.3 Institute of Petroleum Standard:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
IP 229
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 The test oil, water, and copper catalyst coil, contained in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
a covered glass container, are placed in a vessel equipped with
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
a pressure gage. The vessel is charged with oxygen to a gage
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
pressure of 620 kPa (90 psi, 6.2 bar) (see Eq 1), placed in a
warning statements, see 6.2, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.10, and 6.11.
constant-temperature oil bath set at 150°C, and rotated axially
2. Referenced Documents at 100 rpm at an angel of 30° from the horizontal. The number
of minutes required to reach a specific drop in gage pressure is
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
the oxidation stability of the test sample.
B1 Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
D 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) 100 kPa 5 1.00 bar 5 14.5 psi (1)
4
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
4. Significance and Use
D 943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhib-
5
ited Mineral Oils 4.1 The estimate of oxidation stability is useful in control-
6
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water ling the continuity of this property for batch acceptance of
D2112 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Inhibited production lots having the same operation. It is not intended
7
Mineral Insulating Oil by Pressure Vessel thatthistestmethodbeasubstituteforTestMethodD 943orbe
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and used to compare the service lives of new oils of different
8
Petroleum Products compositions.
D 4742 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline 4.2 This test method is also used to assess the remaining
oxidation test life of in-service oils.
NOTE 1—A modification of the rotating vessel method has been
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on published as Test Method D2112, which uses a similar procedure and
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
apparatus but a lower (140°C) bath temperature. Test Method D2112
D02.09 on Oxidation.
requires duplicate testing and Test Method D 2272 conducted duplicate
Current edition approved August 10, 2002. Published October 2002. Originally
testing in the past.
published as D 2272-64 T. Last previous edition D 2272-98.
2
von Fuchs, G. H., Claridge, E. L., and Zuidema, H. H., “The Rotary Bomb
5. Apparatus
Oxidation Test for Inhibited Turbine Oils,” Materials Research and Standards,
MTRSA (formerly ASTM Bulletin), No. 186, December 1952, pp. 43-46; von 5.1 Oxidation Vessel, Glass Sample Container with Four-
Fuchs, G. H., “Rotary Bomb Oxidation Test,” Lubrication Engineering, Vol 16, No.
Hole PTFE Disk, Hold-Down Spring, Catalyst-Coil, Pressure
1, January 1960, pp. 22-31.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.03.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04.
5 9
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Available from British Standards Institute, 389 Chiswick High Rd., London,
6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. W4 4AL, United Kingdom.
7 10
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.03. Available from Institute of Petroleum, 61 New Cavendish St., London,
8
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02. W1G 7AR, United Kingdom.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2272–02
FIG. 1 Schematic Drawing of the Rotary Vessel Test Apparatus
Gage, Thermometer, and Test Bath, as described inAnnexA1. conforming to Specification B1. Soft copper wi
...

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5.5 The reference elastomers, reference oil, and the physical properties involved in this test method address the specific requirements of engine oils. Although other tests exist for compatibility of elastomers with liquids, these are considered too generalized for engine oils.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers quantitative procedures for the evaluation of the compatibility of automotive engine oils with several reference elastomers typical of those used in the sealing materials in contact with these oils. Compatibility is evaluated by determining the changes in volume, Durometer A hardness, and tensile properties when the elastomer specimens are immersed in the oil for a specified time and temperature.  
1.2 Effective sealing action requires that the physical properties of elastomers used for any seal have a high level of resistance to the liquid or oil in which they are immersed. When such a high level of resistance exists, the elastomer is said to be compatible with the liquid or oil.
Note 1: The user of this test method should be proficient in the use of Test Methods D412 (tensile properties), D471 (effect of rubber immersion in liquids), D2240 (Durometer hardness), and D5662 (gear oil compatibility with typical oil seal elastomers), all of which are involved in the execution of the operations of this test method.  
1.3 This test method provides a preliminary or first order evaluation of oil/elastomer compatibility only. Because seals might be subjected to static or dynamic loads, or both, and they can operate over a range of conditions, a complete evaluation of the potential sealing performance of any elastomer-oil combination in any service condition usually requires tests additional to those described in this test method.  
1.4 The several reference elastomer formulations specified in this test method were chosen to be representative of those used in both heavy-duty diesel engines (detailed in Annex A1) and passenger-car spark-ignition engines (the latter are covered in Annex A2). The procedures described in this test method can, however, also be used to evaluate the compatibility of automotive engine oils with different elastomer types/formulations or different test durations and temperatures to those employed in this test method.
Note 2: In such cases, the precision and bias statement in Section 12 does not apply. In addition to agreeing acceptable limits of precision, where relevant, the user and supplier should also agree:  (1) test temperatures and immersion times to be used; (2) the formulations and typical properties of the elastomers; and (3) the sourcing and quality control of the elastomer sheets.
Note 3: The TMC may also issue In...

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ASTM
ASTM D7922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Glycol for In-Service Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Some glycol/antifreeze dilution of in-service engine oil is normal under typical operating conditions. However, excessive glycol dilution can lead to decreased performance, premature wear, or sudden engine failure. This test method provides a means of quantifying the level of glycol based antifreeze dilution, allowing the user to take necessary action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7918-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants, and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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