ASTM D2557-98(2010)e1

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D2557 − 98 (Reapproved 2010)
Standard Test Method for
Tensile-Shear Strength of Adhesives in the Subzero
Temperature Range from −267.8 to −55°C (−450 to −67°F)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2557; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Section 8.6.4 was editorially corrected in October 2010.
1. Scope Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-
sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the com-
D4896Guide for Use ofAdhesive-Bonded Single Lap-Joint
parative shear strength of adhesives for bonding metals when
Specimen Test Results
testedonastandardspecimenandunderspecifiedconditionsof
preparation and testing at extreme subzero temperatures.
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method is applicable to the temperature range
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this test method are defined
from -267.8 to -55°C (-450 to -67°F).
in Terminology D907.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Significance and Use
only.
4.1 This test method may be used as an accelerated screen-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ing test for assessing the strength properties of adhesives and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
adhesive joints at subzero temperatures. This test method may
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
also be used to determine the effects of various surface
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
preparations, substrates, or adhesive systems on the durability
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
of the adhesive joints at subzero temperatures.
tions are given in 8.3.
4.2 Tensile shear strengths of various adhesives, surface
2. Referenced Documents
preparations,andsubstratesmaybecomparedbyusingthistest
2.1 ASTM Standards: method for uniform sets of conditions. To assess the overall
A167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting tensile shear strength of a given adhesive, surface preparation,
Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip (With- and substrate should be tested under a range of stress and
drawn 2014) temperatures. For a specific end use, the needed strength
B209Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy properties using only one set of test conditions may be
Sheet and Plate obtained.
B265Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip,
4.3 The misuse of strength values obtained from this test
Sheet, and Plate
method as design-allowable stress values for structural joints
D907Terminology of Adhesives
could lead to product failure, property damage, and human
D1002Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-
injury.
4.3.1 The apparent shear strength of an adhesive obtained
from a given small single-lap specimen may differ from that
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
obtained from a joint made with different adherends or by a
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.80 on Metal
Bonding Adhesives.
differentbondingprocess.Thenormalvariationoftemperature
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originally
and moisture in the service environment causes the adherends
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D2557–98(2004).
and the adhesive to swell or shrink. The adherends and
DOI: 10.1520/D2557-98R10E01.
adhesive are likely to have different thermal and moisture
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
coefficients of expansion. Even in small specimens, short-term
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
environment changes can induce internal stresses of chemical
the ASTM website.
changes in the adhesive that permanently affect the apparent
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. strength and other properties of the adhesive.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D2557 − 98 (2010)
NOTE 1—“A” dimension varies with specimen thickness.
FIG. 1 Clevis for Holding “Pin-Type” Lap Shear Coupons
NOTE 1—Cold box configurations are commercially available which
can be used from room temperature to −185°C. These utilize chilled
gaseous nitrogen or gaseous carbon dioxide.
FIG. 2 Diagrammatic View of Cryostat and Accessories
4.3.2 The problem of predicting joint behavior in a chang- from the joints tested without thorough analysis and under-
ing environment is even more difficult if a different type of standing of the joint and adhesive behaviors.
adherendisusedinalargerstructuraljointthanwasusedinthe 4.3.4 Single-lap tests may be used for comparing and
small specimen. selecting adhesives or bonding processes for susceptibility to
4.3.3 The apparent shear strength measured with a single- fatigueandenvironmentalchanges,butsuchcomparisonsmust
lap specimen is not suitable for determining design-allowable be made with great caution since different adhesives may
stressesfordesigningstructuraljointsthatdifferinanymanner respond differently in different joints. See Guide D4896 for
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D2557 − 98 (2010)
further discussion of the concepts relative to interpretation of
A
The above sheets shall have a thickness of 1.270 mm (0.050 in.) except in the
adhesive-bonded single-lap-joints.
case of the aluminum alloy sheet which shall have a thickness of 1.630 mm (0.064
in.).
5. Apparatus
5.1 The testing machine shall conform to the requirements
7. Preparation of Test Specimens
of Test Method D1002 except that pin-type grips as shown in
7.1 Cut test specimens to dimensions from the test panel, as
Fig. 1 shall be used to hold the test specimen.
showninFig.3(B).Measurethewidthofthespecimenandthe
5.2 The cooling equipment shall consist of a cold box or a
length of the overlap to the nearest 0.25 mm (0.01 i
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