ASTM D3483-83(1999)

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AnAmerican National Standard
Designation:D 3483–83 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Test Methods for
Accumulated Deposition in a Steam Generator Tube
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3483; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the weight
per unit area of waterside deposits on heat-transfer surfaces of
steam generator tubes. Two test methods are given as follows:
Sections
Test MethodA—Mechanical Removal 6 to 11
Test Method B—Solvent Removal 12 to 18
1.2 Neither test method is normally applicable to fire-tube
boilers.
1.3 Acomparison of the results obtainable with the two test
methods is shown in Fig. 1.
1.4 Ascope section is provided in each test method. It is the
responsibility of the analyst to determine the acceptability of
these test methods for each situation.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—DataforgraphwerereceivedfromBabcock-Hitachi.Methods
used were not identical to those described herein.
2. Referenced Documents
FIG. 1 Comparison Deposit Weights Determined by Scraping and
Acid Cleaning
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 887 Practices for Sampling Water-Formed Deposits
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
5. Sampling
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
5.1 Select a tube section likely to have the heaviest deposit.
3. Terminology
Experience has shown that deposit accumulation is usually
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in these test
heaviest on tube surfaces that receive the highest heat transfer.
methods, refer to Terminology D 1129.
Representative areas of especially high absorption are:
5.1.1 The center of the division wall at the top burner
4. Significance and Use
elevation in a boiler with a division panel wall where firing
4.1 The weight per unit area measurement is an indication
occurs on opposite sides.
of the relative cleanliness or dirtiness of the boiler; therefore, it
5.1.2 Thesidewallnearthetopburnerelevation,atabout ⁄3
is important that a tube sample be selected that represents near
furnace depth from the burner wall, in a boiler without a
maximum deposition.
division wall.
5.1.3 Other high heat absorption areas in a more complex
boiler design as delineated by the boiler manufacture.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-19 on
5.2 Areas in the boiler where impaired circulation is sus-
Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling of
pected may also be sampled.
Water and Water-Formed Deposits, Surveillance of Water, and Flow Measurement
of Water.
5.3 After selecting the boiler tube to be sampled, provide
Current edition approved April 29, 1983. Published August 1983. Originally
suitable identification, showing location in the boiler, the
published as D 3483–75 T. Last previous edition D 3483–78.
2 direction of flow, and the hot and shielded sides in accordance
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. with Practices D 887.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States.
D 3483–83 (1999)
5.3.1 Remove a sufficient portion of the tube to contain a (6-in.) specimen of tubing on the internal fireside that appears
selected 600-mm (24-in) section, allowing at least 300 mm (12 tobemostheavilyfouledandrelativelyuniform(undiminished
in.) more on each side of the sample if a cutting torch is used. by spalling). Mark a similar area on the internal casing half of
the tube for comparison.
NOTE 1—No oil or water is to be used in any mechanical cutting
9.4 Carefullyscrapethesurfacetodislodgeandindividually
operation.
collect the more easily removable deposits from between the
5.3.2 Separateaselected600-mm(24-in.)sectionbycareful
boundaries of each sample. Complete the deposit removal by
application of an anchored pipe vise and a tube cutter.
brushing or applying an electric vibrating tool, or both. Dry the
removed material in an oven at 105°C for 1 h. Grind suffi-
TEST METHOD A—MECHANICAL REMOVAL
ciently to pass through a No. 325 (45-µm) stainless steel sieve
andweighthescreenedportionofeachhalf;recordtheweights
6. Scope
in milligrams.
6.1 The mechanical removal test method is preferred when
deposition is comparatively heavy and the deposits are rela- NOTE 3—Drying the sample may affect subsequent analysis by X-ray
diffraction.
tively easy to dislodge. The deposit, so removed, may serve as
NOTE 4—The purpose of the grinding and screening operation is to
the sample for determining the composition of the material.
prevent a weighing error from chips of steel that may have been lodged in
the deposit during the sample-cutting operation.
7. Summary of Test Method
9.5 Determine the areas from which the two deposits were
7.1 A section of the most heavily fouled portion of the
removed, measuring each dimension to the nearest 1 mm.Trim
sampled tube is selected on a visual basis. After dividing the
sheetsofpapertomakepatternsoftheactualsurfacesthatwere
tube, the water-formed deposit is removed mechanically from
stripped. If the pattern is regular in shape, determine the area
a measured area. The weight of the dry material is reported as
by direct measurement. If the pattern is irregular, determine the
milligrams of deposit per square millimetre of boiler tube
area by comparing the weight of the pattern to the weight of a
surface.
sheet of paper of known area.
8. Apparatus
10. Calculation
8.1 Cutting Tool or Torch, removing a suitable portion of
10.1 Determine the weight of accumulated deposits per unit
boiler tube and a vise for crimping.
area, in milligrams per square millimetre, directly by dividing
NOTE 2—Lightly crimping the sample tube in a vise may be effective in
the weight of deposit in milligrams by the area in square
removal of very brittle deposits. However, any physical change that the
millimetres.
tube specimen is subjected to may effect any subsequent metallographic
examination.
11. Precision and Bias
8.2 Tube Cutter.
11.1 See 18.1.
8.3 Tube End Sealers, to protect the sample if the determi-
nation is to be made elsewhere than on the site.
TEST METHOD B—SOLVENT REMOVAL
8.4 Milling Machine (Preferred) or Band Saw, to separate
12. Scope
the fireside half of the tube from the shielded half by
longitudinal sectioning (dry cut). 12.1 The solvent removal test method is preferable where
8.5 Magnet, to remove metal chips from the deposited
deposition is relatively light and the deposit is adherent to the
material, especially if a band saw is used. base metal.
8.6 Scraping Tool, for removing the less adherent deposits
13. Summary of Test Method
(like a scalpel or a heavy screwdriver, the end of which has
been thinned).
13.1 The deposit that has accumulated in the selected boiler
8.7 Vise, for removal of brittle deposits. tube specimen is determined by measuring the weight loss of
8.8 Vibrating Tool, to remove more adherent deposits (a
the tube sample after deposit removal with inhibited hydro-
small head should be available for use within pits).
chloric acid. In the event copper plates out on the tube sample
8.9 Oven, for drying the depo
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