ASTM D2889-95(2005)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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An American National Standard
Designation:D2889–95 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Method for
Calculation of True Vapor Pressures of Petroleum Distillate
Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2889; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This test method describes the calculation of true vapor
pressures of petroleum distillate fuels for which distillation
2. Referenced Documents
data may be obtained in accordance with Test Method D86
2.1 ASTM Standards:
without reaching a decomposition point prior to obtaining 90
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
volume% distilled.
Atmospheric Pressure
1.2 The test method may be used to calculate vapor pres-
D287 TestMethodforAPIGravityofCrudePetroleumand
sures at temperatures between the 0% equilibrium flash
Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)
temperature and the critical temperature of the fuel. Provision
is included for obtaining a calculated critical temperature for
3. Summary of Test Method
fuels for which it is not known.
3.1 Equilibrium flash vaporization (EFV) temperatures are
1.3 Critical pressure-temperature data are usually not avail-
calculated from distillation data (Test Method D86) deter-
able for petroleum fuels. However, if both the critical pressure
mined on the sample. The distillation data, calculated EFV
and critical temperature are known, the values shall be used as
data, and API gravity of the sample are used with a graphical
the coordinates in Fig. 1 to establish a critical point to be used
correlation procedure to obtain two pairs of temperature-
instead of the focal point established as described in 6.5.4; and
pressurecoordinatesthroughwhichthebubble-pointlineofthe
thecalculationsdescribedin6.5through6.5.4arenotrequired.
phase diagram for the sample may be drawn. The calculated
If either a determined true boiling point or determined equi-
true vapor pressure at a specified temperature is obtained by
librium flash vaporization temperature at 0% distilled at
reading the pressure at the intersection of the bubble-point line
atmospheric pressure is known, the determined value shall be
and specified temperature.
used to establish the lower limit of the bubble-point line
referred to in 6.4.
NOTE 1—Details of the procedure and data substantiating its validity
1.4 The method is not reliable for distillate fuels having a for establishing equilibrium flash vaporization temperatures have been
published.
boiling range of less than 100°F (38°C) between the Test
MethodD86 10 and 90 volume% distilled temperatures.
4. Significance and Use
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1 The true vapor pressure of a distillate fuel is a relative
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
measurement,bothofthetendencyofthemostvolatileportion
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
of the fuel to gasify, and of the restraining pressure required to
and are not considered standard.
prevent gasification of the most volatile portion. Thus the
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
measurement is of importance when a fuel is to be utilized in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
This test method is under jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.04 the ASTM website.
on Hydrocarbon Analysis. Edmister, W. C., and Okamoto, K. K., “Applied Hydrocarbon Thermodynam-
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally ics, Part 12: Equilibrium Flash Vaporization Correlations for Petroleum Fractions,”
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D2889–95 (2000). Petroleum Refiner, PEREA, Vol 38, No. 8, 1959, p. 117.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2889–95 (2005)
FIG. 1 Test MethodD86 Distillation Temperature and Equalization Flash Vaporization Temperature Pressure Conversion Chart
applications where no gasification may be tolerated, and 6.3 Calculate the EFV zero volume percent temperature by
temperature-pressure conditions are expected to be near the subtracting the sum of the three differences obtained from Fig.
true vapor pressure of the fuel. 3, from the EFV 50 volume% temperature calculated in
accordance with 6.1.
5. Data Requirements
6.4 Plot a point on Fig. 1 at the coordinates, 14.7 psia and
5.1 Distillation temperatures at the initial boiling point thecalculatedEFV0%temperature.Thispointestablishesthe
lower end of the phase boundary line commonly referred to as
(IBP)and10,30,50,70,and90volume%distilledobtainedin
accordance with Test MethodD86. the bubble-point line. If the EFV 0% temperature at atmo-
spheric pressure has been measured, use the measured value
5.2 APIgravitydeterminedinaccordancewithTestMethod
D287, or a method of equivalent accuracy. instead of the calculated value.
6.5 Use the following procedure and the curves on the right
6. Procedure
portion of Fig. 1 to obtain coordinates for the upper end, or
focal point, of the bubble-point line. If both the critical
6.1 Calculate the 10/70 slope, °F/%, of the Test Method
temperature and critical pressure of the fuel are known, the
D86 distillation using the 10 and 70 volume% distilled
calculations described in 6.5.1 through 6.5.4 are not carried
temperature. Using this slope and the Test Method D86 50
out. The critical temperature and critical pressure are used as
volume% distilled temperature, obtain to the nearest 61°F a
the coordinates in Fig. 1 to define a critical point to be used
temperature difference, °F, from Fig. 2.Add °F to the Method
instead of the focal point.
D86 50 volume% temperature to obtain the equilibrium flash
vaporization (EFV) 50 volume% temperature.
6.2 Calculate the differences between theTest MethodD86
IBPand10volume%,the10and30volume%,andthe30and
Copies of Fig. 1, 16 by 20 in., are available at a nominal cost from ASTM
50 volume % temperatures. Using these differences, obtain to
Headquarters.PrecisionofthetestmethodasgiveninSection6wasobtainedusing
the nearest 1°F, the temperature differences between corre- 1
8by11 ⁄2-in. charts and should be improved using the 16 by 20-in. charts. Request
sponding EFV percentages from Fig. 3. Adjunct No. ADJD2889.
D2889–95 (2005)
6.7.1 If either a determined critical temperature or deter-
mined critical pressure is known, the point of its intersection
withthebubble-pointlinedefin
...