ASTM D2889-95(2000)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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An American National Standard
Designation:D2889–95 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Test Method for
Calculation of True Vapor Pressures of Petroleum
Distillate Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2889; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Product at
Atmospheric Pressure
1.1 This test method describes the calculation of true vapor
D287 TestMethodforAPIGravityofCrudePetroleumand
pressures of petroleum distillate fuels for which distillation
Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)
data may be obtained in accordance with Test Method D86
without reaching a decomposition point prior to obtaining 90
3. Summary of Test Method
volume% distilled.
3.1 Equilibrium flash vaporization (EFV) temperatures are
1.2 The test method may be used to calculate vapor pres-
calculated from distillation data (Test Method D86) deter-
sures at temperatures between the 0% equilibrium flash
mined on the sample. The distillation data, calculated EFV
temperature and the critical temperature of the fuel. Provision
data, and API gravity of the sample are used with a graphical
is included for obtaining a calculated critical temperature for
correlation procedure to obtain two pairs of temperature-
fuels for which it is not known.
pressurecoordinatesthroughwhichthebubble-pointlineofthe
1.3 Critical pressure-temperature data are usually not avail-
phase diagram for the sample may be drawn. The calculated
able for petroleum fuels. However, if both the critical pressure
true vapor pressure at a specified temperature is obtained by
and critical temperature are known, the values shall be used as
reading the pressure at the intersection of the bubble-point line
the coordinates in Fig. 1 to establish a critical point to be used
and specified temperature.
instead of the focal point established as described in 6.5.4; and
thecalculationsdescribedin6.5through6.5.4arenotrequired.
NOTE 1—Details of the procedure and data substantiating its validity
If either a determined true boiling point or determined equi- for establishing equilibrium flash vaporization temperatures have been
published.
librium flash vaporization temperature at 0% distilled at
atmospheric pressure is known, the determined value shall be
4. Significance and Use
used to establish the lower limit of the bubble-point line
4.1 The true vapor pressure of a distillate fuel is a relative
referred to in 6.4.
measurement,bothofthetendencyofthemostvolatileportion
1.4 The method is not reliable for distillate fuels having a
of the fuel to gasify, and of the restraining pressure required to
boiling range of less than 100°F (38°C) between the Test
prevent gasification of the most volatile portion. Thus the
Method D86 10 and 90 volume% distilled temperatures.
measurement is of importance when a fuel is to be utilized in
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
applications where no gasification may be tolerated, and
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
temperature-pressure conditions are expected to be near the
information only.
true vapor pressure of the fuel.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. Data Requirements
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 Distillation temperatures at the initial boiling point
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
(IBP)and10,30,50,70,and90volume%distilledobtainedin
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
accordance with Test Method D86.
2. Referenced Documents 5.2 APIgravitydeterminedinaccordancewithTestMethod
D287, or a method of equivalent accuracy.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
This test method is under jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
ProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD02.04on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
Hydrocarbon Analysis. Edmister, W. C., and Okamoto, K. K., “Applied Hydrocarbon Thermodynam-
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 1995. Published October 1995. Originally ics, Part 12: Equilibrium Flash Vaporization Correlations for Petroleum Fractions,”
published as D2889–70 T. Last previous edition D2889–90. Petroleum Refiner, PEREA, Vol 38, No. 8, 1959, p. 117.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2889
FIG. 1 Test Method D86 Distillation Temperature and Equalization Flash Vaporization Temperature Pressure Conversion Chart
6. Procedure lower end of the phase boundary line commonly referred to as
the bubble-point line. If the EFV 0% temperature at atmo-
6.1 Calculate the 10/70 slope, °F/%, of the Test Method
spheric pressure has been measured, use the measured value
D86 distillation using the 10 and 70 volume% distilled
instead of the calculated value.
temperature. Using this slope and the Test Method D86 50
6.5 Use the following procedure and the curves on the right
volume% distilled temperature, obtain to the nearest 6 1°F a
portion of Fig. 1 to obtain coordinates for the upper end, or
temperature difference,° F, from Fig. 2.Add °F to the Method
focal point, of the bubble-point line. If both the critical
D86 50 volume% temperature to obtain the equilibrium flash
temperature and critical pressure of the fuel are known, the
vaporization (EFV) 50 volume% temperature.
calculations described in 6.5.1 through 6.5.4 are not carried
6.2 Calculate the differences between theTest Method D86
out. The critical temperature and critical pressure are used as
IBPand10volume%,the10and30volume%,andthe30and
the coordinates in Fig. 1 to define a critical point to be used
50 volume % temperatures. Using these differences, obtain to
instead of the focal point.
the nearest 1°F, the temperature differences between corre-
6.5.1 Calculate to the nearest 0.1 unit the 10/90 slope of the
sponding EFV percentages from Fig. 3.
Test Method D86 distillation curve,° F/volume%, as the
6.3 Calculate the EFV zero volume percent temperature by
difference between 10 and 90 volume% distilled temperatures
subtracting the sum of the three differences obtained from Fig.
divided by 80.
3, from the EFV 50 volume% temperature calculated in
6.5.2 Calculate to the nearest 1°F, the volumetric average
accordance with 6.1.
boiling point (VABP) as the sum of the Test Method D86 10,
6.4 Plot a point on Fig. 1 at the coordinates, 14.7 psia and
30, 50, 70, and 90 volume% distilled temperatures divided by
the calculated EFV0% temperature.This point establishes the
5.
6.5.3 Calculate to the nearest 0.1 unit the ratio:
Copies of Fig. 1, 16 by 20 in., are available at a nominal cost from ASTM VABP/ 10/90Slope 116.0! (1)
~
Headquarters. Precision of the test method as given in Section 6 was obtained using
1 6.5.4 En
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