ASTM E95-68(2022)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Cell-Type Oven with Controlled Rates of Ventilation
Standard Specification for Cell-Type Oven with Controlled Rates of Ventilation
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the general and design requirements for two types of cell-type ovens based on their rates of ventilation, for determining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on heating at elevated temperatures. This specification takes into account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. Hence, this oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements of a cell-type oven with controlled rates of ventilation for determining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on heating at elevated temperatures. These specifications take into account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. This oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation, or both. It is assumed that specific requirements such as specimen shape and dimensions, rate of ventilation, time, and temperature will be included in the applicable material specifications or test methods.
Note 1: Ovens meeting these specifications have been found useful for determination of plasticizer loss in plastics, and for controlled aging of elastomers and plastics.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Dec-2021
- Technical Committee
- E41 - Laboratory Apparatus
- Drafting Committee
- E41.06 - Laboratory Instruments and Equipment
Overview
ASTM E95-68(2022) - Standard Specification for Cell-Type Oven with Controlled Rates of Ventilation provides comprehensive guidelines for the design and performance of cell-type ovens used in material testing. This standard is essential for laboratories and manufacturers needing accurate and controlled evaluation of material property changes or weight loss when exposed to elevated temperatures with well-defined ventilation rates. Using ovens that meet ASTM E95-68(2022) ensures test results are reliable, consistent, and comparable across different materials and applications, particularly when measurement outcomes depend on time, temperature, and ventilation levels.
Key Topics
Oven Types and Ventilation Rates
- Ovens are categorized by their rate of ventilation: Low Ventilation (LV: 0.25 to 25 m/min) and High Ventilation (HV: 100 to 250 m/min).
- Proper selection of ventilation rate is crucial to avoid issues like sample surface stagnation or excessive heat requirements for high ventilation.
Design and Construction Requirements
- The oven must contain one or more cylindrical cells (minimum 35 mm diameter and 300 mm length), constructed from materials other than copper or copper alloys.
- Cells are mounted in a controlled heat-transfer medium, such as an aluminum block, liquid bath, or circulating-air oven.
- Heated air must enter one cell end and exit the other without recirculating, ensuring no cross-contamination between samples.
Temperature Control
- Each cell’s temperature must be adjustable within 1 °C of the specified setpoint between 50 °C and 150 °C.
- Accurate temperature verification by thermocouples is recommended due to possible temperature variations among cells.
Specimen Handling
- Provisions for secure sample support ensuring separation and no contact with cell walls.
- Only one specimen per cell unless proven otherwise to avoid result interference.
Ventilation Control
- Airflow through each cell must be metered within ±10% of the target rate.
- Options for air delivery include individual metering or use of a plenum chamber with restrictions to ensure uniform airflow.
Applications
ASTM E95-68(2022) is widely applied in industries and laboratories for:
Material Testing Laboratories
- Assessing thermal stability, controlled aging, and weight loss characteristics of plastics, elastomers, and other materials.
- Determining loss of volatile constituents, such as plasticizers in polymers.
Quality Control
- Ensuring materials meet required performance under elevated temperature conditions with regulated ventilation.
Research and Development
- Conducting comparative studies and developing new materials where property changes at specified temperatures and ventilation are critical data points.
Compliance and Standardization
- Providing uniform testing protocols that satisfy both organizational and international quality assurance requirements.
Related Standards
- ASTM D1870 (Practice for Elevated Temperature Aging Using a Tubular Oven - Withdrawn)
- Additional ASTM standards relating to laboratory equipment, material test methods, and ventilation specifications.
Practical Value
Implementing ovens built and operated according to ASTM E95-68(2022) benefits organizations by ensuring:
- High reproducibility of test results
- Confidence in material property determination under controlled conditions
- Standardization across testing locations and labs
Laboratories and manufacturers seeking international recognition or compliance can trust that ASTM E95-68(2022) was developed in alignment with globally accepted principles for standardization, including those of the WTO TBT Committee.
Keywords: ASTM E95-68, cell-type oven, controlled ventilation, material testing, weight loss determination, elevated temperature, laboratory oven standard, plastics aging, elastomer testing
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM E95-68(2022) is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Cell-Type Oven with Controlled Rates of Ventilation". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification covers the general and design requirements for two types of cell-type ovens based on their rates of ventilation, for determining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on heating at elevated temperatures. This specification takes into account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. Hence, this oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation, or both. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers the general requirements of a cell-type oven with controlled rates of ventilation for determining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on heating at elevated temperatures. These specifications take into account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. This oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation, or both. It is assumed that specific requirements such as specimen shape and dimensions, rate of ventilation, time, and temperature will be included in the applicable material specifications or test methods. Note 1: Ovens meeting these specifications have been found useful for determination of plasticizer loss in plastics, and for controlled aging of elastomers and plastics. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This specification covers the general and design requirements for two types of cell-type ovens based on their rates of ventilation, for determining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on heating at elevated temperatures. This specification takes into account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. Hence, this oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation, or both. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers the general requirements of a cell-type oven with controlled rates of ventilation for determining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on heating at elevated temperatures. These specifications take into account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. This oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation, or both. It is assumed that specific requirements such as specimen shape and dimensions, rate of ventilation, time, and temperature will be included in the applicable material specifications or test methods. Note 1: Ovens meeting these specifications have been found useful for determination of plasticizer loss in plastics, and for controlled aging of elastomers and plastics. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM E95-68(2022) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 71.040.10 - Chemical laboratories. Laboratory equipment. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM E95-68(2022) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E95 −68 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
Cell-Type Oven with Controlled Rates of Ventilation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E95; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Types
3.1 Ovens are classified according to ventilation rate within
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements of a
the cells, provision being made for low (LV) and high (HV)
cell-type oven with controlled rates of ventilation for deter-
ventilation rates. Thus, for materials showing low rates of
mining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on
weightlossameansisprovidedfortheirevaluationwithoutthe
heating at elevated temperatures.These specifications take into
necessity of providing the excessive heat input required by the
account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and
higher ventilation rate. It should, however, be established by
temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents
experiment when using the LV-type oven that the rate of
from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. This
ventilation is adequate to avoid stagnation at the surface of the
oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on
specimens, as would be caused, for example, by high rates of
the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation,
diffusion of volatile constituents through the body of the
or both. It is assumed that specific requirements such as
specimen.
specimen shape and dimensions, rate of ventilation, time, and
temperature will be included in the applicable material speci-
3.2 Oven types are classified as follows:
fications or test methods.
Type Ventilation Rate, m/min
LV 0.25 to 25
NOTE1—Ovensmeetingthesespecificationshavebeenfoundusefulfor
HV 100 to 250
determination of plasticizer loss in plastics, and for controlled aging of
elastomers and plastics. 4. Requirements
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded 4.1 The oven shall consist of one or more cylindrical cells,
each having a minimum diameter of 35 mm (1.4 in.) and a
as the standard.
minimum length of 300 mm (12 in.). The cells shall be
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
mounted in a thermostatically controlled, heat-transfer me-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
dium: for example, an aluminum block, a liquid bath, or a
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
circulating-air oven. The cells shall not be constructed of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
copper or a copper alloy.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.2 The design of the oven shall be such that heated air
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
enters one end of the cell and is exhausted from the other end
of it without being recirculated. In order to prevent cross-
2. Referenced Documents
migration of volatile constituents contained in the specimens
2.1 ASTM Standards:
being tested, air passing over a specimen in one cell shall not
D1870 Practice for Elevated Temperature Aging Using a
come in contact with specimens in other cells.
Tubular Oven (Withdrawn 1998)
4.3 Air entering the cells shall have been filtered and
preheated to within 1 °C of the specified temperature for the
space occupied by the specimen. The design shall also permit
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 on
the cells to be cleaned easily after each test.
Laboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.06 on
Laboratory Instruments and Equipment.
4.4 Provisionshallbemadeformeteringtheairflowthrough
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2022. Published February 2022. Originally
each cell within 610 % of any desired rate within the range of
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as E95 – 68(2016). DOI:
the particular type of oven. The air ma
...
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