ASTM D4781-03(2018)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Mechanically Tapped Packing Density of Fine Catalyst Particles and Catalyst Carrier Particles
Standard Test Method for Mechanically Tapped Packing Density of Fine Catalyst Particles and Catalyst Carrier Particles
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is for measuring the mechanically tapped packing density of powders that are smaller than 0.8 mm in diameter, such as Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Catalysts (FCC).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanically tapped packing density of fine catalyst and catalyst carrier particles smaller than 0.8 mm in diameter.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Apr-2018
- Technical Committee
- D32 - Catalysts
- Drafting Committee
- D32.02 - Physical-Mechanical Properties
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2022
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2014
- Effective Date
- 15-Nov-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Nov-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Nov-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Nov-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Aug-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2013
Overview
ASTM D4781-03(2018)e1 is a standardized test method developed by ASTM International to determine the mechanically tapped packing density of fine catalyst particles and catalyst carrier particles smaller than 0.8 mm in diameter. This method provides a consistent and reliable approach to measure the packing density of powders commonly used in industrial processes such as fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC). The standard is designed for use with SI units and emphasizes adherence to internationally recognized standardization principles.
Key Topics
- Mechanically Tapped Packing Density: This method quantifies how tightly fine catalyst powders and catalyst carriers are packed after being subjected to standardized mechanical tapping. The test involves measuring the mass of a preconditioned, dried sample and its volume after mechanical tapping in a graduated cylinder.
- Sample Preparation: Samples are preconditioned by heating at specified temperatures to ensure the removal of moisture, then cooled in a desiccator to prevent re-adsorption of water.
- Apparatus Requirements: Key equipment includes a graduated cylinder (100 mL), cylinder holder, a controlled tapping device, adjustable counter, balance with 0.1 g sensitivity, desiccator, and drying oven.
- Procedure: A specific volume of sample is loaded into the cylinder, tapped a designated number of times, and the final packed volume is measured for packing density calculation.
- Precision and Bias: The method includes guidelines for repeatability and reproducibility to ensure that results are consistent across different laboratories.
Applications
ASTM D4781-03(2018)e1 has important applications in a variety of industries where catalysts are critical to process efficiency and product quality:
- Catalyst Manufacturing: Accurately measuring the packing density of fine catalyst particles ensures product consistency and aids in optimizing production processes.
- Petrochemicals and FCC Units: In fluidized catalytic cracking, the bulk packing density can affect bed dynamics, efficiency, and overall process performance.
- Quality Control: Regular testing using this standard allows manufacturers to verify that their catalyst and carrier materials meet required packing density specifications, reducing variability and supporting regulatory compliance.
- Research and Development: R&D teams use this method to evaluate new catalyst formulations and carrier materials, ensuring that physical properties align with application needs.
- Statistical Quality Assurance: By using associated precision and bias practices, organizations can apply statistically rigorous quality assurance and control in catalyst production.
Related Standards
ASTM D4781-03(2018)e1 references and is complemented by several related ASTM standards, which support broader quality and terminology needs in catalysts and materials testing:
- ASTM D3766: Terminology Relating to Catalysts and Catalysis
- ASTM E177: Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
- ASTM E456: Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
- ASTM E691: Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
Organizations working with catalyst materials are encouraged to consult these standards alongside ASTM D4781 to ensure comprehensive and harmonized testing and reporting practices.
Keywords: catalyst, catalyst carrier, packing density, mechanically tapped packing density, ASTM D4781, fine particles, fluidized catalytic cracking, FCC, quality control, industrial catalysts, standard test method.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D4781-03(2018)e1 is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Test Method for Mechanically Tapped Packing Density of Fine Catalyst Particles and Catalyst Carrier Particles". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This test method is for measuring the mechanically tapped packing density of powders that are smaller than 0.8 mm in diameter, such as Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Catalysts (FCC). SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanically tapped packing density of fine catalyst and catalyst carrier particles smaller than 0.8 mm in diameter. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This test method is for measuring the mechanically tapped packing density of powders that are smaller than 0.8 mm in diameter, such as Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Catalysts (FCC). SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanically tapped packing density of fine catalyst and catalyst carrier particles smaller than 0.8 mm in diameter. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D4781-03(2018)e1 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 71.040.30 - Chemical reagents. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D4781-03(2018)e1 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D4781-03(2013), ASTM D3766-24a, ASTM D3766-24, ASTM E456-13a(2022)e1, ASTM D3766-08(2018), ASTM E456-13A(2017)e3, ASTM E456-13A(2017)e1, ASTM E177-14, ASTM E456-13ae3, ASTM E456-13ae2, ASTM E456-13ae1, ASTM E456-13a, ASTM E456-13, ASTM E691-13, ASTM E177-13. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D4781-03(2018)e1 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: D4781 − 03 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
Mechanically Tapped Packing Density of Fine Catalyst
Particles and Catalyst Carrier Particles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4781; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Section 6.2 updated editorially in May 2018.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the me- 4.1 A preconditioned sample of dried fine catalyst or cata-
chanically tapped packing density of fine catalyst and catalyst lyst carrier particles is tapped in a graduated cylinder. The
carrier particles smaller than 0.8 mm in diameter. mechanically tapped packing density is determined from the
known mass and tapped volume.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
5. Significance and Use
standard.
5.1 This test method is for measuring the mechanically
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tapped packing density of powders that are smaller than 0.8
safety concerns, if any associated with its use. It is the
mmindiameter,suchasFluidizedCatalyticCrackingCatalysts
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(FCC).
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6. Apparatus
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
6.1 Graduated Cylinder, capacity 100 mL.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
6.2 Holder, a cylinder holder weighing 454 g.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
6.3 Tapping Device, consisting of a baseplate with worm
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
drive, with specifications of 250 r/min camshaft speed, tapping
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
stroke travel of 3.2 mm.
2. Referenced Documents
6.4 Counter, a four-digit adjustable counter, which can be
preset to deliver number of taps between 1 and 9999.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3766 Terminology Relating to Catalysts and Catalysis
6.5 Desiccator, with a desiccant grade molecular sieve such
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
as 4A.
ASTM Test Methods
6.6 Balance, having a sensitivity of 0.1 g.
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to 6.7 Drying Oven.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
7. Procedure
3. Terminology
7.1 Heatanadequatesampleat400 615°Cfornotlessthan
3.1 Definitions—See Terminology D3766.
3 h. Normally, this treatment can take place in air. However, in
the case of materials that might react with air at elevated
temperature (such as prereduced catalysts) the heat treatment
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D32 on
should take place in an inert atmosphere. After heating, cool
Catalysts and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D32.02 on Physical-
the test sample in a desiccator or other suitable container to
Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved May 1, 2018. Published June 2018. Originally eliminate the possibility of moisture adsorption prior to testing.
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D4781–03(2013).
NOTE 1—These conditions may not be appropriate for all materials.
DOI: 10.1520/D4781-03R18.
NOTE 2—Since many catalyst formulations are strong adsorbents, the
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
use of 4A indicating (cobalt-treated) mole
...
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