ISO/TC 135/SC 9 - Acoustic emission testing

This document specifies a test for damage qualification of reinforced concrete beams in services as bridges, docks and buildings.

This document establishes a measurement method for acoustic emission signals in concrete.

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 12713, Non-destructive testing — Acoustic emission inspection — Primary calibration of transducers ISO 12714, Non-destructive testing — Acoustic emission inspection — Secondary calibration of acoustic emission sensors ISO 12716, Non-destructive testing — Acoustic emission inspection — Vocabulary ISO/TR 13115, Non-destructive testing — Methods for absolute calibration of acoustic emission transducers by the reciprocity technique

This document describes the acoustic emission (AE) testing technique used to perform structural integrity evaluation on steel structures of overhead travelling cranes and portal bridge cranes. This document applies to the testing of steel structures of in-service overhead travelling cranes and portal bridge cranes. Testing of other kinds of cranes can refer this document. This testing method is not intended to be an alone NDT standard method for the evaluation of the structural integrity of overhead travelling cranes and portal bridge cranes. Other NDT methods are used to verify and supplement the AT results. This document does not establish evaluation criteria.

ISO 18081:2016 specifies the general principles required for leak detection by acoustic emission testing (AT). It is addressed to the application of the methodology on structures and components, where a leak flow as a result of pressure differences appears and generates acoustic emission (AE). It describes phenomena of the AE generation and influence of the nature of fluids, shape of the gap, wave propagation and environment. The different application methods, instrumentation and presentation of AE results is discussed. Also included are guidelines for the preparation of application documents which describe specific requirements for the application of the AE method. Different application examples are given. Unless otherwise specified in the referencing documents, the minimum requirements of this International Standard are applicable.

ISO 18249:2015 describes the general principles of acoustic emission testing (AT) of materials, components, and structures made of fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP) with the aim of - materials characterization, - proof testing and manufacturing quality control, - retesting and in-service testing, and - health monitoring. This International Standard has been designed to describe specific methodology to assess the integrity of fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP), components, or structures or to identify critical zones of high damage accumulation or damage growth under load (e.g. suitable instrumentation, typical sensor arrangements, and location procedures). It also describes available, generally applicable evaluation criteria for AT of FRP and outlines procedures for establishing such evaluation criteria in case they are lacking. ISO 18249:2015 also presents formats for the presentation of acoustic emission test data that allows the application of qualitative evaluation criteria, both online during testing and by post-test analysis, and that simplify comparison of acoustic emission test results obtained from different test sites and organizations. NOTE The structural significance of the acoustic emission cannot in all cases definitely be assessed based on AT evaluation criteria only but can require further testing and assessment (e.g. with other non-destructive test methods or fracture mechanics calculations).

ISO/TR 13115:2011 describes the method of three-transducer calibration for calibrating frequency responses of absolute sensitivity by means of a reciprocity technique using three reversible acoustic emission transducers of the same kind, the method of two-transducer calibration for calibrating frequency responses of reception sensitivity of an optional acoustic emission transducer by using one acoustic emission transducer, the transmission responses of which have been calibrated by three-transducer calibration, the method for impulse response calibration for calibrating impulse responses of absolute sensitivity through inverse Fourier transform of the frequency responses measured by the three-transducer calibration, and the method for representing the calibration results.

This International Standard defines the terminology that is used in acoustic emission inspection and forms a common basis for standards and general use.

This International Standard specifies a method for the secondary calibration of acoustic emission sensors as receivers of elastic waves at the surface of a solid medium. The International Standard is applicable to laboratory tertiary standard sensors and acoustic emission applications sensors. The secondary calibration yields the frequency response of a sensor to waves of a type normally encountered in acoustic emission work, namely Rayleigh waves. The source producing the signal used for the calibration is mounted on the same surface of a test block as the sensor under test (SUT). The sensitivity of the sensor is determined for excitation within the range of 100 kHz to 1 MHz. Sensitivity values are usually determined at frequencies approximately 10 kHz apart. The units of the calibration are volts per unit of mechanical input (displacement, velocity or acceleration).