SIST EN 60825-2:2005

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 60825-2:2005
01-junij-2005
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 60825-2:2001
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Safety of laser products -- Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)
Sicherheit von Lasereinrichtungen -- Teil 2: Sicherheit von Lichtwellenleiter-
Kommunikationssystemen (LWLKS)
Sécurité des appareils à laser -- Partie 2: Sécurité des systèmes de télécommunication
par fibres optiques (STFO)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60825-2:2004
ICS:
31.260 Optoelektronika, laserska Optoelectronics. Laser
oprema equipment
33.180.01 6LVWHPL]RSWLþQLPLYODNQLQD Fibre optic systems in
VSORãQR general
SIST EN 60825-2:2005 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60825-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM October 2004

ICS 31.260 ; 33.180.01 Supersedes EN 60825-2:2000


English version


Safety of laser products
Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)
(IEC 60825-2:2004)


Sécurité des appareils à laser Sicherheit von Lasereinrichtungen
Partie 2: Sécurité des systèmes Teil 2: Sicherheit von Lichtwellenleiter-
de télécommunication par fibres optiques Kommunikationssystemen (LWLKS)
(STFO) (IEC 60825-2:2004)
(CEI 60825-2:2004)






This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2004-09-01. CENELEC members are bound to
comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and
notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels


© 2004 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.

Ref. No. EN 60825-2:2004 E

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005
EN 60825-2:2004 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 76/288/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 60825-2, prepared by IEC TC 76, Optical
radiation safety and laser equipment, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was
approved by CENELEC as EN 60825-2 on 2004-09-01.
This European Standard supersedes EN 60825-2:2000. It constitutes a technical revision to bring the
hazard level nomenclature used in this document into correspondence with the revised classification
system introduced in amendment A2:2001 to EN 60825-1:1994. Additionally, the standard has been
thoroughly revised throughout.

The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2005-06-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2007-09-01
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60825-2:2004 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
__________

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005
- 3 - EN 60825-2:2004
Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE Where an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60825-1 1993 Safety of laser products EN 60825-1 1994
Part 1: Equipment classification, + Corr. February 1995
requirements and user's guide
A1 1997 A1 2002
A2 2001 A2 2001

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005


INTERNATIONAL IEC


STANDARD 60825-2





Third edition
2004-06


Safety of laser products –
Part 2:
Safety of optical fibre communication
systems (OFCS)

© IEC 2004 ⎯ Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
X
International Electrotechnical Commission
Международная Электротехническая Комиссия
For price, see current catalogue

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD.4

1 Scope and object.6
2 Normative references.7
3 Terms and definitions .7
4 Requirements.10
4.1 General.10
4.2 Protective housing of OFCS.10
4.3 Fibre cables.10
4.4 Cable connectors.10
4.5 Automatic power reduction (APR) and restart pulses .11
4.6 Labelling or marking.12
4.7 Organizational requirements .13
4.8 Assessment of hazard level .15
4.9 Hazard level requirements by location type .16

Annex A (informative) Rationale .17
Annex B (informative) Summary of requirements at locations in OFCS .18
Annex C (informative) Methods of hazard/safety analysis .19
Annex D (informative) Application notes for the safe use of OFCS .20
Annex E (informative) Guidance for service and maintenance .44
Annex F (informative) Clarification of the meaning of “hazard level” .47

Bibliography .49

Figure D.1 – PON (passive optical network)-based system .30
Figure D.2 – Simple laser drive circuit .32
Figure D.3 – Risk graph example from IEC 61508-5 Clause D.5.35
Figure D.4 – Graph of FIT rate and mean time to repair .38

Table D.1 – OFCS power limits for 11 µm single mode (SM) fibres and 0,18 numerical
aperture multimode (MM) fibres (core diameter < 150 µm) .23
Table D.2 – Relation between the number of fibres in a ribbon fibre and the maximum
permitted power (example).29
Table D.3 – Identification of components and failure modes (example).32
Table D.4 – Beta values (example).33
Table D.5 – Determination of failure rates (example) .34
Table D.6 – Consequence classification from IEC 61508-5 Table D.1.35
Table D.7 – Frequency classification from IEC 61508-5 Table D.1 .36
Table D.8 – Possibility of avoiding hazard classification from IEC 61508-5 Table D.1 .36
Table D.9 – Classification of the probability of the unwanted occurrence from
IEC 61508-5 Table D.1 .36
Table D.10 – Modes of operation – Definitions from IEC 61508-4, 3.5.12 .37

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005
60825-2 © IEC:2004(E) – 3 –
Table D.11 – SIL Values from IEC 61508-1, 7.6.2.9 .37
Table D.12 – Determination of equipment monitoring classification .39
Table D.13 – FIT rates from example above .40
Table D.14 – Examples of power limits for OFCS having automatic power reduction to
reduce emissions to a lower hazard level .43

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

SAFETY OF LASER PRODUCTS –

Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60825-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 76:
Optical radiation safety and laser equipment
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2000. It constitutes a
technical revision to bring the hazard level nomenclature used in this document into
correspondence with the revised classification system introduced in IEC 60825-1(2001).
Additionally, the standard has been thoroughly revised throughout.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
76/288/FDIS 76/293/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005
60825-2 © IEC:2004(E) – 5 –
IEC 60825 consists of the following parts, under the general title Safety of laser products:
Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements and user's guide
Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)
Part 3: Guidance for laser displays and shows
Part 4: Laser guards
Part 5: Manufacturer's checklist for IEC 60825-1
Part 6: Safety of products with optical sources, exclusively used for visible information
transmission to the human eye
Part 7: Safety of products emitting infrared optical radiation, exclusively used for wireless
'free air' data transmission and surveillance
Part 8: Guidelines for the safe use of medical laser equipment
Part 9: Compilation of maximum permissible exposure to incoherent optical radiation
Part 10: Application guidelines and explanatory notes to IEC 60825-1
Part 12: Safety of free space optical communication systems used for transmission of
information
Part 14: A user’s guide

The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

A bilingual version of this standard may be published at a later date.

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005
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SAFETY OF LASER PRODUCTS –

Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS)


1 Scope and object
This Part 2 of IEC 60825 provides requirements and specific guidance for the safe operation
and maintenance of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS). In these systems optical
power may be accessible outside the confinements of transmitting equipment or at great
distance from the optical source.
This Part 2 requires the assessment of hazard levels at accessible locations as a replacement
for classification according to IEC 60825-1. It applies to the complete installed end-to-end
OFCS, including its components and subassemblies that generate or amplify optical radiation.
Individual components and subassemblies that are sold only to OEM vendors for incorporation
into a complete installed end-to-end OFCS need not be assessed to this standard, since the
final OFCS should itself be assessed according to this standard.
NOTE The above statement is not intended to prevent manufacturers of such components and subassemblies
from using this standard if they wish to do so, or are required to do so by contract.
This standard does not apply to optical fibre systems primarily designed to transmit optical
power for applications such as material processing or medical treatment.
In addition to the hazards resulting from laser radiation, OFCS may also give rise to other
hazards, such as fire.
This standard does not address safety issues associated with explosion or fire with respect to
OFCS deployed in explosive atmospheres.
Throughout this part of IEC 60825, a reference to ‘laser’ is taken to include light-emitting
diodes (LEDs) and optical amplifiers.
The objective of this Part 2 of IEC 60825 is to:
– protect people from optical radiation resulting from OFCS;
– provide requirements for manufacturers, installation organizations, service organizations
and operating organizations in order to establish procedures and supply information so
that proper precautions can be adopted;
– ensure adequate warnings are provided to individuals regarding the potential hazards
associated with OFCS through the use of signs, labels and instructions.
Annex A gives a more detailed rationale for this part of IEC 60825.
The safety of an OFCS depends to a significant degree on the characteristics of the
equipment forming that system. Depending on the characteristics of the equipment, it may be
necessary to mark safety relevant information on the product or include it within the
instructions for use.
Where required by the level of potential hazard, it places the responsibility for the safe
deployment and use of these systems on the installer or end-user / operating organization or
both. This standard places the responsibility for adherence to safety instructions during
installation and service operations on the installation organization and service organizations
as appropriate, and operation and maintenance functions on the end-user or Operating
organization. It is recognised that the user of this standard may fall into one or more of the
aforementioned categories of manufacturer, installation organization, end-user or operating
organization.

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005
60825-2 © IEC:2004(E) – 7 –
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60825-1, Safety of laser products – Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements and
1)
user's guide
Amendment 1 (1997)
Amendment 2 (2001)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions contained in IEC 60825-1 as well
as the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
accessible location
any part or location within an OFCS at which, under reasonably foreseeable events, human
access to laser radiation is possible without the use of a tool
3.2
automatic power reduction (APR)
a feature of an OFCS by which the accessible power is reduced to a specified level within a
specified time, whenever there is an event which could result in human exposure to radiation,
e.g. a fibre cable break
NOTE The term “automatic power reduction” (APR) used in this standard encompasses the following terms used
in recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union ITU:
– automatic laser shutdown (ALS);
– automatic power reduction (APR);
– automatic power shutdown (APSD).
3.3
end-user
person or organization using the OFCS in the manner the system was designed to be used
NOTE 1 The end-user cannot necessarily control the power generated and transmitted within the system.
NOTE 2 If the person or organization is using the OFCS for a communications application in a manner other than
as designed by the manufacturer, then that person/organization assumes the responsibilities of a manufacturer or
installation organization.
3.4
hazard level
the potential hazard at any accessible location within an OFCS. It is based on the level of
optical radiation which could become accessible in a reasonably foreseeable event, e.g. a
fibre cable break. It is closely related to the laser classification procedure in IEC 60825-1
3.5
hazard level 1
hazard level 1 is assigned to any accessible location within an OFCS at which, under
reasonably foreseeable events, human access to laser radiation in excess of the accessible
emission limits of Class 1 for the applicable wavelengths and emission duration will not occur
___________
1)
A consolidated edition 1.2 exists including IEC 60825-1 (1993) and its Amendment 1 (1997) and Amendment 2
(2001).

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005
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3.6
hazard level 1M
hazard level 1M is assigned to any accessible location within an OFCS at which, under a
reasonably foreseeable event, human access to laser radiation in excess of the accessible
emission limits of Class 1 for the applicable wavelengths and emission duration will not occur,
whereby the level of radiation is measured with the measurement conditions for Class 1M
laser products (see IEC 60825-1)
NOTE If the applicable limit of hazard level 1M is larger than the limit of 2 or 3R and less than the limit of 3B,
hazard level 1M is allocated.
3.7
hazard level 2
hazard level 2 is assigned to any accessible location within an OFCS at which, under a
reasonably foreseeable event, human access to laser radiation in excess of the accessible
emission limits of Class 2 for the applicable wavelengths and emission duration will not occur
NOTE If the applicable limit of hazard level 1M is larger than the limit of 2 and less than the limit of 3B, hazard
level 1M is allocated.
3.8
hazard level 2M
hazard level 2M is assigned to any accessible location within an OFCS at which, under a
reasonably foreseeable event, human access to laser radiation in excess of the accessible
emission limits of Class 2 for the applicable wavelengths and emission duration will not occur,
whereby the level of radiation is measured with the measurement conditions for Class 2M
laser products (see IEC 60825-1)
NOTE If the applicable limit of hazard level 2M is larger than the limit of 3R and less than the limit of 3B, hazard
level 2M is allocated.
3.9
hazard level 3R
hazard level 3R is assigned to any accessible location within an OFCS at which, under a
reasonably foreseeable event, human access to laser radiation in excess of the accessible
emission limits of Class 3R for the applicable wavelengths and emission duration will not
occur
NOTE If the applicable limit of hazard level 1M or 2M is larger than the limit of 3R and less than the limit of 3B,
hazard level 1M or 2M is allocated.
3.10
hazard level 3B
hazard level 3B is assigned to any accessible location within an OFCS at which, under a
reasonably foreseeable event, human access to laser radiation in excess of the accessible
emission limits of Class 3B for the applicable wavelengths and emission duration will not
occur
3.11
hazard level 4
hazard level 4 is assigned to any accessible location within an OFCS at which, under a
reasonably foreseeable event, human access to laser radiation in excess of the accessible
emission limits of Class 3B for the applicable wavelengths and emission duration may occur
NOTE This standard is applicable for the operation and maintenance of OFCS. In order to achieve an adequate
level of safety for persons who may come into contact with the optical transmission path, hazard level 4 is not
permitted within this standard. It is permitted to use protection systems, such as automatic power reduction, to
achieve the required hazard level where the transmitted power under normal operating conditions (e.g. no fault
exists in the fibre path) exceeds that permitted for a particular location type. For instance, it is possible for
accessible parts of an OFCS to be hazard level 1 even though the power transmitted down the fibre under normal
operating conditions is Class 4.

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SIST EN 60825-2:2005
60825-2 © IEC:2004(E) – 9 –
3.12
installation organization
an organization or individual that is responsible for the installation of an OFCS
3.13
location with controlled access; controlled location
an accessible location where an engineering or administrative control is present to make it
inaccessible, except to authorized personnel with appropriate laser safety training
NOTE For examples see D.2.1 a).
3.14
location with restricted access; restricted location
an accessible location that is normally inaccessible by the general public by means of any
administrative or engineering control measure but that is accessible to authorized personnel
who may not have laser safety training
NOTE For examples see D.2.1 b).
3.15
location with unrestricted access; unrestricted location
an accessible location where there are no measures restricting access to members of the
general public
NOTE For examples see D.2.1 c).
3.16
manufacturer
organization or individual that assembles optical devices and other components in order to
construct or modify an OFCS
3.17
operating organization
organization or individual that is responsible for the operation of an OFCS
3.18
optical fibre communication system (OFCS)
an engineered, end-to-end assembly for the generation, transfer and reception of optical
radiation arising from lasers, LEDs or optical amplifiers, in which the transference is by means
of optical fibre for communication and/or control purposes
3.19
reasonably foreseeable event
an event the occurrence of which under given circumstances can be predicted fairly
accurately, and the occurrence probability or frequency of which is not low or very low
NOTE Examples of reasonably foreseeable events might include the following: fibre cable break, optical
connector disconnection, operator error or inattention to safe working practices.
Reckless use or use for completely inappropriate purposes is not considered as a reasonably foreseeable event.
3.20
service organization
an organization or individual that is responsible for the servicing of an OFCS
3.21
subassembly
any discrete unit, subsystem, network element, or module of an OFCS which contains an
optical emitter or optical amplifier

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4 Requirements
4.1 General
This section defines the restrictions that are to be placed on an OFCS and on the location
types in which an OFCS can operate, in accordance with the hazard that arises from optical
radiation becoming accessible as a result of a reasonably foreseeable event. Whenever one
or more alterations are made to an OFCS, the organization responsible for that alteration
shall make a determination of whether each alteration could affect the hazard level. If the
hazard level has changed, the organization responsible for the alteration(s) shall re-label
those locations in the system that are accessible so as to ensure continued compliance with
this standard.
Each accessible location within an OFCS shall be separately assessed to determine the
hazard level at that location. Where multiple communications systems are present at a
location, the hazard level for the location shall be the highest of the levels arising from each
of those systems. Based on the hazard level determined, appropriate actions shall be taken to
ensure compliance with this standard. These actions could for example involve restriction of
access to the location, or the implementation of safety features or redesign of the optical
communications system to reduce the hazard level.
Suppliers of active components and subassemblies in conformance with this standard
...