SIST EN 60349-4:2013

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2013
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Electric traction - Rotating electrical machines for rail and road vehicles - Part 4:
Permanent magnet synchronous electrical machines connected to an electronic
converter (IEC 60349-4:2012)
Elektrische Zugförderung - Drehende elektrische Maschinen für Bahn- und
Straßenfahrzeuge - Teil 4: Umrichtergespeiste Synchronmaschinen mit
Permanentmagneterregung (IEC 60349-4:2012)
Traction électrique - Machines électriques tournantes des véhicules ferroviaires et
routiers - Partie 4: Machines électriques synchrones à aimants permanents connectés à
un convertisseur électronique (CEI< 60349-4:2012)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60349-4:2013
ICS:
29.160.01 Rotacijski stroji na splošno Rotating machinery in
general
29.280 (OHNWULþQDYOHþQDRSUHPD Electric traction equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 60349-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2013
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.060
English version
Electric traction -
Rotating electrical machines for rail and road vehicles -
Part 4: Permanent magnet synchronous electrical machines connected to
an electronic converter
(IEC 60349-4:2012)
Traction électrique -  Elektrische Zugförderung – Drehende
Machines électriques tournantes des elektrische Maschinen für Bahn- und
véhicules ferroviaires et routiers - Straßenfahrzeuge -
Partie 4: Machines électriques synchrones Teil 4: Umrichtergespeiste
à aimants permanents connectées à un Synchronmaschinen mit
convertisseur électronique Permanentmagneterregung
(CEI 60349-4:2012) (IEC 60349-4:2012)

This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-01-15. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels

© 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 60349-4:2013 E
Foreword
The text of document 9/1734/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 60349-4, prepared by IEC/TC 9 "Electrical
equipment and systems for railways" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by
CENELEC as EN 60349-4:2013.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has (dop) 2013-10-15
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2016-01-15
• latest date by which the national
standards conflicting with the

document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60349-4:2012 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60034-2-1 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60034-2-1.
IEC/TS 60034-17 NOTE  Harmonized as CLC/TS 60034-17.
IEC 61260 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 61260.
IEC 61287 series NOTE  Harmonized in EN 61287 series.
IEC 61672 series NOTE  Harmonized in EN 61672 series.
ISO 3741:2010 NOTE  Harmonized as EN ISO 3741:2010 (not modified).
ISO 3743-1 NOTE  Harmonized as EN ISO 3743-1.
ISO 3743-2:1994 NOTE  Harmonized as EN ISO 3743-2:2009 (not modified).
ISO 3744:2010 NOTE  Harmonized as EN ISO 3744:2010 (not modified).
ISO 3745:2012 NOTE  Harmonized as EN ISO 3745:2012 (not modified).
ISO 3746:2010 NOTE  Harmonized as EN ISO 3746:2010 (not modified).
ISO 3747 NOTE  Harmonized as EN ISO 3747.
ISO 9614-1:1993 NOTE  Harmonized as EN ISO 9614-1:1995 (not modified).
ISO 9614-2:1996 NOTE  Harmonized as EN ISO 9614-2:1996 (not modified).

- 3 - EN 60349-4:2013
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 60034-1 - Rotating electrical machines - EN 60034-1 -
Part 1: Rating and performance

IEC 60034-8 - Rotating electrical machines - EN 60034-8 -
Part 8: Terminal markings and direction of
rotation
IEC 60034-9 - Rotating electrical machines - EN 60034-9 -
Part 9: Noise limits
IEC 60034-14 - Rotating electrical machines - EN 60034-14 -
Part 14: Mechanical vibration of certain
machines with shaft heights 56 mm and
higher - Measurement, evaluation and limits of
vibration severity
IEC 60050-131 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
(IEV) -
Part 131: Circuit theory
IEC 60050-151 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
(IEV) -
Part 151: Electrical and magnetic devices

IEC 60050-221 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
(IEV) -
Chapter 221: Magnetic materials and
components
IEC 60050-411 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
(IEV) -
Chapter 411: Rotating machinery

IEC 60050-811 - International electrotechnical vocabulary - -
(IEV) -
Chapter 811: Electric traction

IEC 60085 - Electrical insulation - Thermal evaluation EN 60085 -
and designation
IEC 60850 - Railway applications - Supply voltages of - -
traction systems
IEC 62498-1 - Railway applications - Environmental - -
conditions for equipment -
Part 1: Equipment on board rolling stock

IEC 60349-4 ®
Edition 1.0 2012-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Electric traction – Rotating electrical machines for rail and road vehicles –

Part 4: Permanent magnet synchronous electrical machines connected to an

electronic converter
Traction électrique – Machines électriques tournantes des véhicules ferroviaires

et routiers –
Partie 4: Machines électriques synchrones à aimants permanents connectées à

un convertisseur électronique
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX X
ICS 45.060 ISBN 978-2-83220-547-1

– 2 – 60349-4  IEC:2012
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope and object . 6
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Environmental conditions . 10
5 Characteristics . 10
5.1 Exchange of information . 10
5.2 Special characteristic of a driven permanent magnet machine . 11
5.3 Reference temperature . 11
5.4 Specified characteristics . 11
5.5 Declared characteristics . 11
5.6 Efficiency characteristics . 11
5.7 Traction motor characteristics . 11
5.8 Main generator characteristics . 12
5.9 Auxiliary motor characteristics . 12
5.10 Auxiliary generator characteristics. 12
6 Marking . 13
6.1 Nameplate . 13
6.2 Terminal and lead marking . 13
7 Test categories . 13
7.1 General . 13
7.2 Type tests. 13
7.2.1 General . 13
7.2.2 Type tests on converter supply . 14
7.3 Reduced type test . 14
7.3.1 General . 14
7.3.2 Repeat the type test temperature rise test with converter . 14
7.3.3 Repeat a temperature rise test with converter with different load . 14
7.3.4 Repeat a temperature rise test with sinusoidal supply . 14
7.3.5 Repeat a temperature rise test in generating mode with a passive load. 15
7.4 Routine tests . 15
7.5 Investigation tests . 15
7.6 Summary of tests . 15
8 Type tests . 16
8.1 Temperature-rise tests . 16
8.1.1 General . 16
8.1.2 Cooling during rating tests . 16
8.1.3 Measurement of temperature . 16
8.1.4 Judgement of results. 16
8.1.5 Limits of temperature rise . 16
8.1.6 Short-time overload test . 17
8.2 Characteristic tests and tolerances . 17
8.2.1 General . 17
8.2.2 Tolerances . 18
8.3 Overspeed test . 19

60349-4  IEC:2012 – 3 –
8.4 Vibration tests . 19
8.5 Noise measurements (optional) . 19
9 Routine tests . 20
9.1 General . 20
9.2 Characteristic tests and tolerances . 20
9.2.1 General . 20
9.2.2 No-load tests . 20
9.2.3 Current-load tests . 21
9.3 Overspeed tests . 22
9.4 Dielectric tests . 23
9.5 Vibration tests (imbalance) . 24
10 Investigation tests . 24
10.1 Measurement of cogging torque . 24
10.2 Temperature rise test of the machine in high speed with open terminals . 24
10.3 Temperature coefficient measurement of the induced voltage . 24
Annex A (normative) Measurement of temperature . 25
Annex B (normative) Conventional values of traction motor transmission losses . 28
Annex C (informative) Noise measurement and limits . 29
Annex D (normative) Supply voltages of traction systems . 38
Annex E (normative) Agreement between user and manufacturer . 39
Bibliography . 40

Figure 1 – Inherent characteristic generator . 18
Figure 2 – Open terminal . 20
Figure 3 – Sinusoidal supply . 21
Figure 4 – Converter supply . 21
Figure 5 – Converter supply with cut off . 21
Figure 6 – Short-circuit . 22
Figure 7 – Sinusoidal supply . 22
Figure 8 – Converter supply . 22
Figure B.1 – Conventional values of traction motor transmission losses . 28
Figure C.1 – Limiting mean sound power level for airborne noise emitted by traction
machines . 35
Figure C.2 – Location of measuring points and prescribed paths for horizontal
machines . 36
Figure C.3 – Location of measuring points and prescribed paths for vertical machines . 37

Table 1 – Summary of tests . 15
Table 2 – Limits of temperature rise for continuous and other ratings . 17
Table 3 – Dielectric test voltages . 23
Table C.1 – Corrections . 31
Table C.2 – Corrections . 34
Table C.3 – Correction for pure tones . 35

– 4 – 60349-4  IEC:2012
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTRIC TRACTION –
ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES
FOR RAIL AND ROAD VEHICLES –
Part 4: Permanent magnet synchronous electrical
machines connected to an electronic converter

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This International Standard IEC 60349-4 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 9:
Electrical equipment and systems for railways.
This standard is derived from IEC 60349-2 changing the subject to permanent magnet
synchronous machines.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
9/1734/FDIS 9/1759/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.

60349-4  IEC:2012 – 5 –
A list of all parts of IEC 60349 series, under the general title Electric traction – Rotating
electrical machines for rail and road vehicles, can be found on the IEC website.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 6 – 60349-4  IEC:2012
ELECTRIC TRACTION –
ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES
FOR RAIL AND ROAD VEHICLES –
Part 4: Permanent magnet synchronous electrical
machines connected to an electronic converter

1 Scope and object
This part of IEC 60349 applies to converter-fed permanent magnet synchronous motors or
generators (machines) forming part of the equipment of electrically propelled rail and road
vehicles.
This standard is derived from IEC 60349-2 changing the subject to permanent magnet
synchronous machines.
The object of this part is to enable the performance of a machine to be confirmed by tests and
to provide a basis for assessment of its suitability for a specified duty and for comparison with
other machines.
Where further testing is to be undertaken in accordance with a combined test, it may be prefer-
able, that some type and investigation tests be carried out on the combined test bed, to avoid
duplication.
Particular attention is drawn to the need for collaboration between the designers of the
machine and its associated converter as detailed in 5.1.
NOTE 1 This part also applies to machines installed on trailers hauled by powered vehicles.
NOTE 2 The basic requirements of this part may be applied to machines for special purpose vehicles such as
mine locomotives but this part does not cover flameproof or other special features that may be required.
NOTE 3 It is not intended that this part should apply to machines on small road vehicles, such as battery-fed
delivery vehicles, factory trucks, etc. This part also does not apply to minor machines such as windscreen wiper
motors, etc. that may be used on all types of vehicles.
NOTE 4 Industrial type machines complying with IEC 60034 may be suitable for some auxiliary drives, provided
that it is demonstrated that operation on a converter supply will meet the requirements of the particular application.
The electrical input to motors covered by this part is be from an electronic converter.
Generators may be connected to a rectifier or a converter.
The machines covered by this part are classified as follows:
a) Traction motors
Motors for propelling rail or road vehicles.
b) Main generators
Generators for supplying power to traction motors on the same vehicle or train.
c) Auxiliary motors not covered by IEC 60034
Motors for driving compressors, fans, auxiliary generators or other auxiliary machines.
d) Auxiliary generators not covered by IEC 60034
Generators for supplying power for auxiliary services such as air conditioning, heating,
lighting and battery charging, etc.

60349-4  IEC:2012 – 7 –
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
IEC 60034-1, Rotating electrical machines – Part 1: Rating and performance
IEC 60034-8, Rotating electrical machines – Part 8: Terminal markings and direction of rotation
IEC 60034-9, Rotating electrical machines – Part 9: Noise limits
IEC 60034-14, Rotating electrical machines – Part 14: Mechanical vibration of certain machines
with shaft heights 56 mm and higher – Measurement, evaluation and limits of vibration severity
IEC 60050-131, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 131: Circuit theory
IEC 60050-151, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 151: Electrical and
magnetic devices
IEC 60050-221, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 221: Magnetic
materials and components
IEC 60050-411, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 411: Rotating
machines
IEC 60050-811, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 811: Electric traction
IEC 60085, Thermal evaluation and classification of electrical insulation
IEC 60850, Railway applications – Supply voltages of traction systems
IEC 62498-1, Railway applications – Environmental conditions for equipment – Part 1:
Equipment on board rolling stock
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-131, IEC
60050-151, IEC 60050-221, IEC 60050-411, and IEC 60050-811 as well as the following, apply.
3.1
rating of a machine
combination of simultaneous values of electrical and mechanical quantities, with their duration
and sequence, assigned to the machine by the manufacturer
3.1.1
rated value
numerical value of any quantity included in a rating
3.1.2
continuous rating
mechanical output that the motor (or electrical output that the generator) can deliver on the test
bed for an unlimited time under the conditions specified in 8.1 without exceeding the limits of

– 8 – 60349-4  IEC:2012
temperature rise given in Table 2, all other appropriate requirements in this part also being
satisfied
Note 1 to entry: Several continuous ratings may be specified.
3.1.3
short-time rating
(for example, 1 h)
mechanical output that the motor (or electrical output that the generator) can deliver on the test
bed for the stated time without exceeding the limits of temperature rise given in Table 2. The
test being carried out as specified in 8.1 starting with the machine cold, all other appropriate
requirements in this part being also satisfied
3.1.4
short-time overload rating
mechanical output that the motor (or electrical output that the generator) can deliver on the
test bed for the stated time without exceeding the agreed limits of temperature
Note 1 to entry: Short-time overload ratings are of value in determining the suitability of machines for duties which
involve relatively long periods of operation below the continuous rating followed by a period above it. These are
most likely to occur in locomotive applications. They are not relevant to the repeated short load cycles of rapid
transit and similar duties, and should not be specified for such applications.
3.1.5
intermittent duty rating
duty cycle in which the machine may be operated without the temperature rises exceeding the
limits given in Table 2 at any point
3.1.6
equivalent rating
continuous rating with constant values of voltage, current and speed that, as far as
temperature rise is concerned, is equivalent to the intermittent duty cycle which the machine
has to withstand in service
Note 1 to entry: This rating should be agreed between user and manufacturer.
3.1.7
guaranteed rating
rating assigned by the manufacturer for test purposes
3.1.8
guaranteed rating of a machine
normally the continuous rating but in special cases the user and manufacturer may agree that it
be a short-time or intermittent rating
3.1.9
guaranteed rating of an auxiliary machine
continuous rating unless otherwise specified
3.1.10
rated voltage
root-mean-square value of the fundamental component of the line-to-line voltage of a machine
when it is operating at a guaranteed rating
3.1.11
rated speed
speed at a guaranteed rating
60349-4  IEC:2012 – 9 –
3.2
maximum service voltage
highest root-mean-square value of the fundamental component of the line-to-line voltage of the
machine in service
3.3
maximum voltage
highest root-mean-square value of the fundamental component of the line-to-line voltage of the
machine in any possible condition
Note 1 to entry: motor operated at high speed with open circuit may have a higher maximum voltage than the
maximum service voltage.
3.4
repetitive peak voltage
peak value of the waveform of the converter output voltage, any random transient peaks arising
from line voltage transients or other causes being disregarded
3.5
EMF
electromotive force in the machine winding caused by the flux of the permanent magnets
3.6
induced voltage
open circuit line-to-line root-mean-square value of the fundamental component of the EMF of
the machine at a defined speed and a defined magnet temperature
3.7
maximum current
maximum current shown on the specified characteristic as defined in 5.4
3.8
maximum working speed
3.8.1
maximum working speed of a traction motor
highest rotational speed assigned to the motor by the manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: When the characteristics of the vehicle for which a motor is intended are specified, this speed is
not less than that corresponding to the maximum service speed of the vehicle assuming fully worn metallic wheels
or the minimum rolling diameter of rubber tyres.
3.8.2
maximum working speed of generator or auxiliary generator
generator speed corresponding to the maximum governed speed of the engine for the
particular application
Note 1 to entry: This will normally be the maximum governed speed on “no–load”. Transient speed variations
during load changes should be disregarded.
3.8.3
maximum working speed of an auxiliary machine
highest rotational speed assigned to the machine by the manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: For specific applications, when assigning this speed, the most unfavourable conditions of voltage,
frequency, loading, etc., that can occur in service should be taken in account.

– 10 – 60349-4  IEC:2012
3.9
user
normally the end customer, but can be delegated to an other organization
3.10
manufacturer
producer of machines
3.11
system manufacturer
organization which has the technical responsibility for the supply of the combined system
Note 1 to entry: The system manufacturer as defined above may also be the manufacturer of the motor, of the
inverter, of the control, or of all of them, or of none of them.
3.12
cogging torque
torque at the disconnected motor, caused by variations of the reluctance in function of the rotor
angle
4 Environmental conditions
Unless otherwise specified by the user, the following environmental conditions are assumed:
a) Altitude
Height above sea level not exceeding Class A3 according IEC 62498-1.
b) Temperature
Air temperature in the shade Class T1 according IEC 62498-1.
Whenever machines are intended to operate where one or both of these limits will be
exceeded, special requirements may be agreed between user and manufacturer. For more
information refer to IEC 60034-1.
Furthermore, the user shall inform the manufacturer of any particularly severe environmental
condition such as dust, humidity, temperature, snow, dynamic effects, etc., to which the
machines will be subjected.
5 Characteristics
5.1 Exchange of information
The machine and converter designers shall collaborate to produce all the technical information
necessary to ensure that the combined unit will meet the requirements of this part of
IEC 60349.
To fulfill this requirement, the machine designer shall provide the converter designer with all
the information necessary to fully evaluate the interaction between the machine and the
converter.
The converter designer shall also provide the machine designer with the characteristics
showing, for example, the converter line-to-line output voltage (including the repetitive voltage
peaks), current, fundamental frequency, harmonics and power over the whole range of the
application, including operation at the maximum and minimum values of the contact-system
voltage.
The machine designer shall provide the converter designer with the characteristics showing
induced voltage due to the permanent magnets by 20 °C as a function of speed over the whole

60349-4  IEC:2012 – 11 –
range of application of the machine. To calculate the induced voltage for other temperatures
the machine designer shall also provide the temperature coefficient of the induced voltage.
The documents recording this exchange of information shall form an integral part of the
specification of the machine and of the converter.
NOTE 1 For more information refer to IEC 61287-1, 5.3.1.1, Interfaces between motor and convertor (inverter).
NOTE 2 The length of cable run between machine and converter and the effect on peak voltages seen at the
machine terminals should be considered. Responsible for this issue is the system manufacturer.
NOTE 3 For information about wave fronts and the impact to the machine see IEC 60034-17.
5.2 Special characteristic of a driven permanent magnet machine
The EMF of a driven permanent magnet synchronous machine cannot be switched off. This
effect shall be taken into account.
EXAMPLES (informative only):
– An internal winding short circuit induces a short circuit current as soon as the machine is
rotating.
– There is a voltage present on the open terminals as soon as the machine is rotating.
– A permanent magnet machine may show a cogging torque.
5.3 Reference temperature
All characteristics, irrespective of the thermal class of insulation system used on the machine
to which they apply, shall be drawn for a winding reference temperature of 150 °C and a
permanent magnets temperature of 100 °C which shall be stated in the characteristics.
5.4 Specified characteristics
Machine specifications shall, as a general rule, include characteristic curves in accordance with
the relevant clauses of this part. These curves, defined as the "specified characteristics", shall
be plotted to the designed operating limits of each variable. Unless otherwise agreed between
user and manufacturer, the characteristics shall show the performance at the nominal voltage
of the intermediate circuit, and shall be submitted to the user before the order for the machines
is placed.
5.5 Declared characteristics
Declared characteristics are derived from the results of type tests carried out in accordance
with 8.2.1 and shall meet the requirements of 8.2.2.
Unless previously agreed, the declared characteristics of machines electromagnetically
identical with any previously manufactured for the same user or application shall be those of
the existing machines. In which case, compliance with the characteristics shall be
demonstrated by reduced type tests.
5.6 Efficiency characteristics
Efficiency characteristics shall take into account losses arising from the harmonics in the
supply from the converter.
5.7 Traction motor characteristics
The specified and declared characteristics of a traction motor shall be the converter-fed
variable frequency characteristics, which shall show motor line-to-line voltage, current, induced
voltage, mean torque and efficiency as a function of speed over the whole range of application
of the motor. Voltage curves shall show the root-mean-square value of the fundamental

– 12 – 60349-4  IEC:2012
component. Current curves shall show the root-mean-square value of the fundamental
component and the total root-mean-square value. For motor used in the braking mode, similar
characteristics shall be produced showing the torque input and the electrical output as a
function of motor speed.
NOTE Subclause 5.1 refers to the need for the exchange of information between the designers of the machine and
of the converter.
As an alternative to motor torque and speed, the characteristics may show tractive effort at the
rail and vehicle speed, in which case the gear ratio, wheel diameter and transmission losses
shall be stated. If conventional values are used for the latter, they shall be in accordance with
Figure B.1.
5.8 Main generator characteristics
The characteristic curves shall show voltage and efficiency as a function of load current at
defined speeds.
Characteristic curves shall be drawn corresponding to the generator input power available for
traction at (or between) maximum, average and minimum engine speeds, and if the engine has
a number of predetermined intermediate speed notches, additional curves shall be drawn for a
sufficient number of these speeds to adequately show the performance of the generator.
Alternatively, the characteristics may be plotted as a function of speed.
If the generator is used as starter for the main engine, use the same as in 5.7.
5.9 Auxiliary motor characteristics
The specified and declared characteristics of auxiliary motors shall be the converter-fed
characteristics, which shall show the motor line-to-line voltage, current, speed and mean
torque as a function of motor output for each operating frequency over the whole range of
application of the machine. The characteristics of motors which operate at continuously
variable frequency shall be plotted for the maximum and minimum frequencies only.
Voltage curves shall show the root-mean-square value of the fundamental component. Current
curves shall show the root-mean-square value of the fundamental component and the total
root-mean-square value. The characteristics shall take account of the additional losses arising
from the supply harmonics and the efficiency at the guaranteed rating shall be stated.
Alternatively, the characteristics may be plotted as a function of speed.
NOTE Subclause 5.1 refers to the need for the exchange of information between the designers of the machine and
of the converter.
5.10 Auxiliary generator characteristics
The characteristic curves of output voltage, power and efficiency shall be plotted as a function
of output current at the rated speed and, for variable speed machines, at the minimum and
maximum speeds for the application. The frequency of the a.c. outputs shall be stated.
If the generator is used as starter for an engine, use the same as in 5.9.

60349-4  IEC:2012 – 13 –
6 Marking
6.1 Nameplate
All machines covered by this part of IEC 60349 shall carry a nameplate including at least the
following information:
a) manufacturer's name;
b) machine type designation;
c) remark that indicates this is a permanent magnet machine;
d) machine serial number;
e) year of manufacture;
f) indication of final assembly location.
Furthermore, a serial number shall be punched on both the stator and rotor of every machine,
and machines designed for unidirectional rotation shall carry an arrow indicating the direction
of rotation.
NOTE 1 f) may be integrated in a), d) or e).
NOTE 2 The machine name plate and, if applicable, the rotation arrow should be easily readable when the
machine is installed in the vehicle.
6.2 Terminal and lead marking
Terminal and lead markings shall be in accordance with IEC 60034-8 unless otherwise agreed.
7 Test categories
7.1 General
There are four categories of tests:
– type tests;
– reduced type test;
– routine tests;
– investigation tests.
NOTE See Clause 1 on duplication of tests.
7.2 Type tests
7.2.1 General
Type tests are intended to prove the ratings, characteristics and performance of new types of
machines. They shall be carried out on one machine of every new design. Unless otherwise
agreed, the machine shall be one of the first ten manufactured. Where there is a change in
place and/or method of manufacture, refer to 7.3.
The type test motor shall also be routine tested (see Clause 9).
Before testing commences, the manufacturer shall provide the user with a test specification
outlining the tests to be undertaken to demonstrate compliance with this standard. Following
completion of the type tests, the manufacturer shall supply the user with a full test report.

– 14 – 60349-4  IEC:2012
7.2.2 Type tests on converter supply
The type test shall be carried out using the converter and control to be applied in service, but,
as an alternative, a supply which closely resembles the supply from the vehicle converter in
control principle, waveform and harmonics may be employed.
NOTE
a) Many working points of a permanent magnet synchronous machine can be operated stable only with the
converter and its control.
b) In case of a permanent magnet generator with rectifier a similar diode bridge can be used instead of a
converter.
If ag
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