SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011
01-junij-2011
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 8662-4:2000
5RþQDSUHQRVQDHOHNWULþQDRURGMD3UHVNXVQHPHWRGH]DYUHGQRWHQMHRGGDMDQMD
YLEUDFLMGHO%UXVLOQLNL,62
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part
4: Straight grinders (ISO 28927-4:2010)
Handgehaltene motorbetriebene Maschinen - Messverfahren zur Ermittlung der
Schwingungsemission - Teil 4: Geradschleifer ohne Spannzange (ISO 28927-4:2010)
Machines à moteur portatives - Méthodes d'essai pour l'évaluation de l'émission de
vibrations - Partie 4: Meuleuses droites (ISO 28927-4:2010)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 28927-4:2010
ICS:
13.160 Vpliv vibracij in udarcev na Vibration and shock with
ljudi respect to human beings
25.080.50 Brusilni in polirni stroji Grinding and polishing
machines
25.140.20 (OHNWULþQDRURGMD Electric tools
SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011


EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 28927-4

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2010
ICS 13.160; 25.140.10 Supersedes EN ISO 8662-4:1995
English Version
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of
vibration emission - Part 4: Straight grinders (ISO 28927-4:2010)
Machines à moteur portatives - Méthodes d'essai pour Handgehaltene motorbetriebene Maschinen -
l'évaluation de l'émission de vibrations - Partie 4: Messverfahren zur Ermittlung der Schwingungsemission -
Meuleuses droites (ISO 28927-4:2010) Teil 4: Geradschleifer ohne Spannzange (ISO 28927-
4:2010)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 December 2010.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 28927-4:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011
EN ISO 28927-4:2010 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC .4

2

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011
EN ISO 28927-4:2010 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 28927-4:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118
"Compressors and pneumatic tools, machines and equipment" in collaboration with Technical Committee
CEN/TC 231 “Mechanical vibration and shock” the secretariat of which is held by DIN
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by June 2011.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document together with EN ISO 28927-1 supersedes EN ISO 8662-4:1995.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 28927-4:2010 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 28927-4:2010 without any
modification.
3

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011
EN ISO 28927-4:2010 (E)
Annex ZA
(informative)

Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association to provide one means of conforming to Essential Requirements of
the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery.
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been
implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of
this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the
corresponding Essential Requirement of that Directive, except ER 2.2.1.1, and associated EFTA regulations.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling
within the scope of this standard.


4

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 28927-4
First edition
2010-12-15


Hand-held portable power tools — Test
methods for evaluation of vibration
emission —
Part 4:
Straight grinders
Machines à moteur portatives — Méthodes d'essai pour l'évaluation de
l'émission de vibrations —
Partie 4: Meuleuses droites




Reference number
ISO 28927-4:2010(E)
©
ISO 2010

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011
ISO 28927-4:2010(E)
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ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011
ISO 28927-4:2010(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms, definitions and symbols .2
3.1 Terms and definitions .2
3.2 Symbols.2
4 Basic standards and vibration test codes .3
5 Description of the family of machines .3
6 Characterization of vibration.4
6.1 Direction of measurement .4
6.2 Location of measurements.4
6.3 Magnitude of vibration.5
6.4 Combination of vibration directions.5
7 Instrumentation requirements .5
7.1 General .5
7.2 Mounting of transducers .5
7.3 Frequency-weighting filter.6
7.4 Integration time.6
7.5 Auxiliary equipment .6
7.6 Calibration.6
8 Testing and operating conditions of the machinery.6
8.1 General .6
8.2 Operating conditions .7
8.3 Other quantities to be specified.7
8.4 Attached equipment, work piece and task.7
8.5 Operator .10
9 Measurement procedure and validity.10
9.1 Reported vibration values .10
9.2 Declaration and verification of the vibration emission value .11
10 Measurement report.11
Annex A (informative) Model test report for vibration emission of straight grinders.13
Annex B (normative) Determination of uncertainty .15
Annex C (normative) Design of test wheel.17
Bibliography.23

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved iii

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011
ISO 28927-4:2010(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 28927-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118, Compressors and pneumatic tools,
machines and equipment, Subcommittee SC 3, Pneumatic tools and machines.
This first edition of ISO 28927-4, together with ISO 28927-1, cancels and replaces ISO 8662-4:1994, of which
it constitutes a technical revision. The most important changes are
⎯ vibration measurement in three axes and at both hand positions;
⎯ new transducer locations with improved definitions of the transducer positions and orientation are used;
⎯ rotational speed is raised to no load free running speed;
⎯ the test wheels are modified and the definition is improved.
ISO 28927 consists of the following parts, under the general title Hand-held portable power tools — Test
methods for evaluation of vibration emission:
⎯ Part 1: Angle and vertical grinders
1)
⎯ Part 2: Wrenches, nutrunners and screwdrivers
2)
⎯ Part 3: Polishers and rotary, orbital and random orbital sanders
3)
⎯ Part 4: Straight grinders
4)
⎯ Part 5: Drills and impact drills

1) Replaces ISO 8662-7, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 7:
Wrenches, screwdrivers and nut runners with impact, impulse or ratchet action. All screwdrivers and nutrunners except for
one-shot tools now covered.
2) Replaces ISO 8662-8, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 8:
Polishers and rotary, orbital and random orbital sanders.
3) Together with ISO 28927-1, replaces ISO 8662-4, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at
the handle — Part 4: Grinders.
iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011
ISO 28927-4:2010(E)
5)
⎯ Part 6: Rammers
6)
⎯ Part 7: Nibblers and shears
⎯ Part 8: Saws, polishing and filing machines with reciprocating action and small saws with oscillating or
7)
rotating action
8)
⎯ Part 9: Scaling hammers and needle scalers
9)
⎯ Part 10: Percussive drills, hammers and breakers
10)
⎯ Part 11: Stone hammers
11)
⎯ Part 12: Die grinders


4) Replaces ISO 8662-6, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 6: Impact
drills. Non-impacting drills now covered.
5) Replaces ISO 8662-9, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 9:
Rammers.
6) Replaces ISO 8662-10, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 10:
Nibblers and shears.
7) Replaces ISO 8662-12, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 12: Saws
and files with reciprocating action and saws with oscillating or rotating action.
8) Together with ISO 28927-11 (to be published), replaces ISO 8662-14, Hand-held portable power tools —
Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 14: Stone-working tools and needle scalers.
9) To be published. Replaces ISO 8662-2, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the
handle — Part 2: Chipping hammers and riveting hammers, ISO 8662-3, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement
of vibrations at the handle — Part 3: Rock drills and rotary hammers, and ISO 8662-5, Hand-held portable power tools —
Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 5: Pavement breakers and hammers for construction work. It also
incorporates the Amendments ISO 8662-2:1992/Amd.1:1999, ISO 8662-3:1992/Amd.1:1999 and
ISO 8662-5:1992/Amd.1:1999. Chipping and riveting hammers, rock drills and rotary hammers all covered.
10) To be published. Together with ISO 28927-9, replaces ISO 8662-14, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement
of vibrations at the handle — Part 14: Stone-working tools and needle scalers.
11) To be published. Replaces ISO 8662-13, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the
handle — Part 13: Die grinders. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 8662-13:1997/Cor.1:1998.
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved v

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011
ISO 28927-4:2010(E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or -B standards,
the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for
machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard.
The vibration test codes for portable hand-held machines given in ISO 28927 (all parts) are based on
ISO 20643, which gives general specifications for the measurement of the vibration emission of hand-held and
hand-guided machinery. ISO 28927 (all parts) specifies the operation of the machines under type-test
conditions and other requirements for the performance of type tests. The structure/numbering of its clauses
follows that of ISO 20643.
The basic principle for transducer positioning first introduced in the EN 60745 series of European standards is
followed, representing a deviation from ISO 20643 for reasons of consistency. The transducers are primarily
positioned next to the hand in the area between the thumb and the index finger, where they give the least
disturbance to the operator gripping the machine.
It has been found that vibrations generated by grinders vary considerably in typical use. The variation is
largely due to the variances in the unbalance of the machine with the grinding wheel mounted. The unbalance
also changes when the wheel is worn through the operation.
In order to provide a method that gives good measurement reproducibility, the procedure adopted in this part
of ISO 28927 uses a test wheel of known unbalance mounted on a machine and run under no-load conditions.
The unbalance for the different types of test wheels are chosen to give vibration values that are as far as
possible in accordance with ISO 20643. The procedures of ISO 5349 (all parts) are required whenever
exposure at the workplace is to be assessed.
Underestimation of the vibration for machines equipped with technical means to automatically reduce
unbalances is taken into account by multiplying the vibration values of such machines with a correction factor
of 1,3.
The values obtained are type-test values intended to be representative of the average of the upper quartile of
typical vibration magnitudes in real-world use of the machines. However, the actual magnitudes vary
considerably from time to time and depend on many factors, including the operator, the task and the inserted
tool or consumable. The state of maintenance of the machine itself might also be of importance. Under real
working conditions the influences of the operator and process can be particularly important at low magnitudes.
2
It is therefore not recommended that emission values below 2,5 m/s be used for estimating the vibration
2
magnitude under real working conditions. In such cases, 2,5 m/s is the recommended vibration magnitude for
estimating the machine vibration.
If accurate values for a specific work place are required, then measurements [according to ISO 5349
(all parts)] in that work situation could be necessary. Vibration values measured in real working conditions can
be either higher or lower than the values obtained using this part of ISO 28927.
Higher vibration magnitudes can easily occur in real work situations caused by the use of excessively
unbalanced grinding wheels, worn flanges or bent spindles.
The vibration test codes given in ISO 28927 (all parts) supersede those given in ISO 8662 (all parts), which
has been replaced by the corresponding parts of ISO 28927 (see Foreword).
NOTE ISO 8662-11, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 11: Fastener
driving tools could be replaced by a future part of ISO 28927.
vi © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 28927-4:2010(E)

Hand-held portable power tools — Test methods for evaluation
of vibration emission —
Part 4:
Straight grinders
1 Scope
This part of ISO 28927 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the
handles of straight grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the
gripping areas of a machine fitted with a specified test wheel and run under no-load conditions.
This part of ISO 28927 is applicable to hand-held machines (see Clause 5), driven pneumatically or by other
means, intended for grinding and surface finishing using straight grinding wheels type 1, tapered wheels type
4 and cylindrical plugs, e.g. of type 16 (cylindrical plug, tapered cone), 18 (cylindrical plug, flat end), 18R
(cylindrical plug, rounded end) and 19 (cylindrical plug, taper-roll shaped), for use on all kinds of materials. It is
not applicable to grinders used with wire brushes, nor is it applicable to die grinders where the inserted tool is
mounted in a collet.
NOTE 1 Typical machines covered by this part of ISO 28927 are illustrated in Figures 1 to 3.
It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine.
NOTE 2 To avoid confusion with the terms “power tool” and “inserted tool”, “machine” is used hereinafter for the former.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 603-12:1999, Bonded abrasive products — Dimensions — Part 12: Grinding wheels for deburring and
fettling on a straight grinder
ISO 2787:1984, Rotary and percussive pneumatic tools — Performance tests
ISO 4026:2003, Hexagon socket set screws with flat point
ISO 4027:2003, Hexagon socket set screws with cone point
ISO 4029:2003, Hexagon socket set screws with cup point
ISO 5349-1:2001, Mechanical vibration — Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-
transmitted vibration — Part 1: General requirements
ISO 5349-2:2001, Mechanical vibration — Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-
transmitted vibration — Part 2: Practical guidance for measurement at the workplace
ISO 5391:2003, Pneumatic tools and machines — Vocabulary
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 1

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011
ISO 28927-4:2010(E)
ISO 17066:2007, Hydraulic tools — Vocabulary
ISO 20643:2005, Mechanical vibration — Hand-held and hand-guided machinery — Principles for evaluation
of vibration emission
EN 755-2:2008, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles — Part 2: Mechanical
properties
EN 12096:1997, Mechanical vibration — Declaration and verification of vibration emission values
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5391, ISO 17066 and ISO 20643,
and the following apply.
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
straight grinder
grinder where the handle, motor and the spindle are coaxially aligned
[ISO 5391:2003, definition 2.1.3.1]
3.1.2
test wheel
aluminium wheel geometrically similar to a real grinding wheel with holes on specified radii to give defined
unbalances
3.2 Symbols
Symbol Description Unit
2
a root-mean-square (r.m.s.) single-axis acceleration value of the frequency-weighted m/s
hw
hand-transmitted vibration

2
a vibration total value of frequency-weighted r.m.s. acceleration; is the root sum of squares m/s
hv
of the a values for the three measured axes of vibration
hw
2
a a as measured during the test m/s
hvmeas hv
2
a a at rated no-load speed m/s
hvrat hv
2
arithmetic mean value of a values of runs for one operator for one hand position m/s
a
hv
hv
2
a arithmetic mean value of a values for all operators for one hand position m/s

h hv
2
arithmetic mean value of a values for one hand position on several machines m/s
a
h
h
2
a declared vibration emission value m/s
hd
n measured no-load speed during the test with the test wheel mounted r/min

meas
n rated no-load speed is the maximum rotational-speed of the machine according to the r/min
rat
speed marking of the machine
2
s standard deviation for a test series (for a sample) m/s
n−1
2
σ standard deviation of reproducibility (for a population) m/s
R
C coefficient of variation for a test series —
V
2
K uncertainty m/s
2 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011
ISO 28927-4:2010(E)
4 Basic standards and vibration test codes
This part of ISO 28297 is based on the requirements of ISO 20643 and corresponds to its structure in respect
of clause subjects and numbering, except for the annexes.
Annex A presents a model test report, Annex B the means for determining the uncertainty, K, and Annex C
specifies test wheel design.
5 Description of the family of machines
This part of ISO 28927 applies to hand-held machines intended for grinding and surface finishing using
straight grinding wheels type 1, tapered wheels type 4 and cylindrical plugs type 16, 18, 18R and 19, for use
on all kinds of materials. Machines equipped with a collet intended for inserted tools with a shaft are covered
by ISO 28927-12. Typical machines are shown in Figures 1 to 3.

Figure 1 — Straight grinder with type 1 wheel

Figure 2 — Straight grinder with type 18R cylindrical plug

Figure 3 — Extended straight grinder with type 18R cylindrical plug
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 3

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SIST EN ISO 28927-4:2011
ISO 28927-4:2010(E)
6 Characterization of vibration
6.1 Direction of measurement
The vibration transmitted to the hand shall be measured and reported for three directions of an orthogonal
coordinate system. At each hand position, the vibration shall be measured simultaneously in the three
directions shown in Figures 4 to 6.
6.2 Location of measurements
Measurement shall be made at the gripping zones, where the operator normally holds the machine and
...