oSIST prEN ISO 22282-2:2008

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2008
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Geotechnical investigation and testing - Geohydraulic testing - Part 2: Water permeability
tests in a borehole without packer (ISO/DIS 22282-2:2008)
Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Geohydraulische Versuche - Teil 2:
Wasserdurchlässigkeitsversuche in einem Bohrloch unter Anwendung offener Systeme
(ISO/DIS 22282-2:2008)
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Essais géohydrauliques - Partie 2: Essai de
perméabilité dans un forage en tube ouvert (ISO/DIS 22282-2:2008)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 22282-2
ICS:
93.020 Zemeljska dela. Izkopavanja. Earthworks. Excavations.
Gradnja temeljev. Dela pod Foundation construction.
zemljo Underground works
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2008
ICS 13.080.40
English Version
Geotechnical investigation and testing - Geohydraulic testing -
Part 2: Water permeability tests in a borehole without packer
(ISO/DIS 22282-2:2008)
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Essais
géohydrauliques - Partie 2: Essai de perméabilité dans un
forage en tube ouvert (ISO/DIS 22282-2:2008)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for parallel enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 341.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN ISO 22282-2:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword.3

Foreword
This document (prEN ISO 22282-2:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 341
"Geotechnical Investigation and Testing", the secretariat of which is held by ELOT, in collaboration with
Technical Committee ISO/TC 182 "Geotechnics".
This document is currently submitted to the parallel Enquiry.

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 22282-2
ISO/TC 182/SC 1 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2008-04-17 2008-09-17
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ • ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Geotechnical investigation and testing — Geohydraulic
testing —
Part 2:
Water permeability tests in a borehole without packer
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques — Essais géohydrauliques —
Partie 2: Essai de perméabilité dans un forage en tube ouvert
ICS 93.020
ISO/CEN PARALLEL ENQUIRY
This draft International Standard is a draft standard developed within the European Committee for
Standardization (CEN) and processed under the CEN-lead mode of collaboration as defined in the
Vienna Agreement. The document has been transmitted by CEN to ISO for circulation for ISO member
body voting in parallel with CEN enquiry. Comments received from ISO member bodies, including those
from non-CEN members, will be considered by the appropriate CEN technical body. Should this DIS be
accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments received, will be submitted to a parallel two-
month FDIS vote in ISO and formal vote in CEN.
In accordance with the provisions of Council Resolution 15/1993 this document is circulated in
the English language only.
Conformément aux dispositions de la Résolution du Conseil 15/1993, ce document est distribué
en version anglaise seulement.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at publication
stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
©
International Organization for Standardization, 2008

ISO/DIS 22282-2
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ii ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO/DIS 22282-2
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms, definitions and symbols .1
3.1 Terms and definitions .1
3.2 Symbols.1
4 Test principle .2
5 Equipment.3
6 Test procedure.3
6.1 Preparation of a test section .3
6.1.1 General .3
6.1.2 Preparation of a test section in non-stable soil and rock below the groundwater surface.3
6.1.3 Preparation of a test section in stable soil and rock .4
6.1.4 Preparation of the test section in unsaturated conditions .6
6.2 Conducting the test.7
6.2.1 General .7
6.2.2 Constant flow rate test method.7
6.2.3 Variable head test method.8
6.2.4 Constant head test method .8
7 Test results .8
7.1 Constant flow rate test method.8
7.2 Variable head test method.9
7.3 Constant head test method .9
8 Report.9
8.1 Field report.9
8.1.1 General .9
8.1.2 Record of measured values and test results.10
8.2 Test report.11
Annex A (informative) Example of record of measured values and test results.12
Annex B (informative) Interpretation of test results.13
B.1 General.13
B.2 Constant rate test method.13
B.3 Constant head test method .14
B.4 Variable head test method.15
B.4.1 Velocity graph method.15
B.4.2 Hvorslev Method.17
B.4.3 Cooper-Bredehoeft-Papadopoulos Method.18
B.4.4 Bouwer and Rice Method.20
B.5 Unsaturated soil conditions .22
Bibliography.25

DRAFT 2008
ISO/DIS 22282-2
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 22282-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 182, Geotechnics, Subcommittee SC 1, and by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 341, Geotechnical investigation and testing in collaboration. ISO 22282
consists of the following parts, under the general title Geotechnical investigation and testing — Geohydraulic
testing:
⎯ Part 1: General rules
⎯ Part 2: Water permeability tests in a borehole using open systems
⎯ Part 3: Water pressure test in rocks
⎯ Part 4: Pumping tests
⎯ Part 5: Infiltrometer tests
⎯ Part 6: Water permeability tests in a borehole using closed systems

iv © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved

DRAFT 2008
ISO/DIS 22282-2
Geotechnical investigation and testing — Geohydraulic
testing —
Part 2:
Water permeability tests in a borehole without packer
1 Scope
This standard specifies requirements for the determination of the local permeability in soils and rocks below
and above ground water level in an open hole by the water permeability tests as part of the geotechnical
investigation services according to EN 1997-1 and prEN 1997-2.
It also includes the estimation of permeability of unsaturated soils.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1997-1, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design - Part 1: General rules.
prEN 1997-2, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design - Part 2: Ground investigation and testing.
EN ISO 14688-1, Geotechnical investigation and classification of soils − Part 1: Identification and description.
tests in a borehole without packer.
EN ISO 22475-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing − Sampling by drilling and excavation methods and
groundwater measurements − Part 1: Technical principles for execution.
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 22475-1 and prEN ISO 22282-1
are applied.
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the symbols given in Table 1 apply.

DRAFT 2008
ISO/DIS 22282-2
Table 1 — Symbols
Symbol Designation Unit
A area of the inner cross section of the casing m
c
A area of the water surface in the reservoir m
r
D
borehole diameter, diameter of the test section m
F shape factor m
H hydraulic head of the test m
H , H , H applied hydraulic heads m
1 2 3
H
0 distance of the water level from the ground level m
∆H change in hydraulic head m
k permeability coefficient m/s
k field saturated permeability coefficient m/s
fs
L
length (height) of the test section m
Q effective inflow m /s
Q , Q , Q water flow m /s
1 2 3
t time need to reach the equilibrium s
i
t
time s
t time at test begin s
4 Test principle
The test is based on the following assumption that the test section shall be isolated and located above or
below the groundwater surface.
The results may vary depending of the test type chosen (water withdrawal or injection) according to the
purpose of the test.
Three test methods are available depending of the type of loading:
-6
a) Constant flow rate test method (suitable for k-value greater than 10 m/s)
The test consists in producing a change in hydraulic head in a section of a borehole by injecting or
withdrawing a constant flow rate. The change in hydraulic head is measured against time.
-4 –9
b) Variable head test method (suitable for k-value between 10 m/s and 10 m/s)
The test consists in producing an instant change in hydraulic head in a section of a borehole. The change in
hydraulic head is measured against time.
-4 –9
c) Constant head test method (suitable for k-value between 10 m/s and 10 m/s)
The test consists in maintaining a constant hydraulic head in a section of a borehole. The flow rate is
measured against time.
2 © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved

DRAFT 2008
ISO/DIS 22282-2
5 Equipment
Beside a casing or a piezometer the following equipment is necessary:
a) water supply or plain rod for the rising head test;
b) pump or bail system for the falling head test;
c) device to determine the flow rate with an accuracy of 5 % of the measuring range;
d) device to maintain the flow rate;
e) perforated tube or/and filter material (for filter criteria see prEN ISO 22282-1);
f) device to measure the water level in the casing or piezometer with an accuracy of 0,01 m;
g) a time measuring and/or recording device , reading in s
All the equipment and measuring devices shall be periodically or before using calibrated according to their use.
6 Test procedure
6.1 Preparation of a test section
6.1.1 General
The test section shall be prepared in accordance with prEN ISO 22282-1, Annex A. During drilling the test
section and installation flushing additives shall not be used.
6.1.2 Preparation of a test section in non-stable soil and rock below the groundwater surface
Drilling shall be executed with the use of a casing. After drilling of the test section and cleaning of the borehole,
the test section shall be prepared according to one of these three alternatives (see Figure 1):
a) A perforated tube that is closed by a perforated disk at the bottom shall be installed through the casing
tube in the test section (Figure 1a). After that the casing tube shall be withdrawn by the length L shortly
beneath the upper end of the perforated section.
NOTE If the bottom of the boreholes can not be cleaned, a full disc can be used at the bottom of the tube. In this
case a specific shape factor is used (see prEN ISO 22282-1).
b) Before withdrawing the casing tube, an appropriate filter material shall be filled into the test section. After
that the casing tube shall be withdrawn almost up to the upper edge of the filter (Figure 1b).
c) Open end test: the test is performed at the bottom of the casing through the open section of diameter D
(Figure 1c).
DRAFT 2008
ISO/DIS 22282-2
a) with perforated tube b) with filter material
Key Key
1 ground  6 casing 1 ground  5 casing
2 top surface 7 perforated tube 2 top surface 6 filter pack
3 water table L length of the test section 3 water table L length of the test section
4 test section D diameter of the test section 4 test section D diameter of the test section
5 perforated disk
c) open end test
Key
1 ground  2 top surface
3 water table D diameter of the test section
Figure 1 — Test section in non stable soil and rock
6.1.3 Preparation of a test section in stable soil and rock
After drilling of the test section and cleaning of the borehole, the test section shall be prepared according to
one of these following alternatives (see Figure 2):
a) A packer is inflated above the test section (Figure 2a). A perforated tube can be used below the packer.
b) In a temporary open piezometer. A perforated tube shall be used in the test section. An appropriate filter
material shall fill the space between the tube and the borehole wall into the test section. A sealing plug
shall be installed above the filter pack (Figure 2b).
4 © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved

DRAFT 2008
ISO/DIS 22282-2
c) Before withdrawing the casing tube. After that the casing tube shall be withdrawn up to the upper edge of
the test section (Figure 2c).
a) with packer b) temporary piezometer
Key Key
1 ground  6 cavity 1 ground  6 measuring tube
2 measuring tube L length of the test section 2 top surface 7 filter pack
3 water table L length of the te
...