SIST EN 13848-2:2006

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Railway applications - Track - Track geometry quality - Part 2: Measuring systems - Track recording vehiclesŽelezniške naprave – Zgornji ustroj – Kakovost tirne geometrije
– 2. del: Merilni sistemi – Merilna vozilaApplications ferroviaires - Voie - Qualité géométrique de la voie - Partie 2: Systemes de mesure - Véhicules d'enregistrement de la voieBahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Qualität der Gleisgeometrie - Teil 2: Messsysteme - GleismessfahrzeugeTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13848-2:2006SIST EN 13848-2:2006en93.100Gradnja železnicConstruction of railways45.080Rails and railway componentsICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13848-2:200601-oktober-2006







EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13848-2May 2006ICS 93.100 English VersionRailway applications - Track - Track geometry quality - Part 2:Measuring systems - Track recording vehiclesApplications ferroviaires - Voie - Qualité géométrique de lavoie - Partie 2: Systèmes de mesure - Véhiculesd'enregistrement de la voieBahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Qualität der Gleisgeometrie- Teil 2: Messsysteme - GleismessfahrzeugeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 March 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2006 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13848-2:2006: E



EN 13848-2:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.4 Introduction.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms and definitions.6 4 Symbols and abbreviations.7 5 Track recording vehicle.8 5.1 General description.8 5.2 Environmental conditions.9 5.2.1 Introduction.9 5.2.2 Climatic conditions.9 5.2.3 Operating conditions.10 5.3 Track features input.10 5.4 Data localisation.10 5.5 Measuring system/device.11 5.5.1 General.11 5.5.2 Sensors.11 5.5.3 Signal transmission.11 5.5.4 Signal processing.12 5.6 Data processing.12 5.6.1 General requirements.12 5.6.2 Parameter generation.12 5.6.3 Parameter analysis.13 5.6.4 Preparation for output interfaces.13 5.7 Data output.13 5.7.1 Visualisation.13 5.7.2 Output of analysis results.14 5.7.3 Data transmission.14 5.8 Data storage.14 6 Testing of track geometry recording system.14 6.1 Introduction.14 6.2 Compliance with EN 13848-1.17 6.3 Calibration.17 6.4 Validation by field tests.17 6.4.1 Overview.17 6.4.2 Test conditions.17 6.4.3 Comparison between different runs.18 6.4.4 Cross check.19 6.4.5 Field tests.19 Annex A (informative)
Transfer and coherence functions.20 A.1 General description.20 A.1.1 Transfer function.20 A.1.2 Coherence function.21 A.2 Practical calculation.21 A.3 Applications within this standard.22 A.3.1 Comparison between two runs.22 A.3.2 Cross check.23



EN 13848-2:2006 (E) 3 Annex B (informative)
Principles of measurement.25 B.1 General description.25 B.2 Longitudinal level and alignment.25 B.2.1 Chord measuring system.25 B.2.2 Inertial measuring system.25 B.3 Gauge.26 B.4 Cant.26 B.5 Twist.26 Annex C (normative)
Description of field tests: values to be respected.27 C.1 General.27 C.2 Repeatability.27 C.2.1 Statistical analysis of parameter data.27 C.2.2 Statistical analysis of standard deviations.28 C.2.3 Frequency analysis.29 C.3 Reproducibility.31 C.3.1 Statistical analysis of parameter data.31 C.3.2 Statistical analysis of standard deviations.32 C.3.3 Frequency analysis.32 C.4 Cross check.34 C.4.1 General.34 C.4.2 Transfer function.34 C.4.3 Coherence function.34 Bibliography.35



EN 13848-2:2006 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13848-2:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2006. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This European Standard is one of the series EN 13848 “Railway applications — Track — Track geometry quality” as listed below:  Part 1: Characterisation of track geometry  Part 2: Measuring systems – Track recording vehicles  Part 3: Measuring systems
– Track construction and maintenance machines  Part 4: Measuring systems
– Manual and light weight devices  Part 5: Geometric quality assessment According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.



EN 13848-2:2006 (E) 5 Introduction This part 2 of the European Standard EN 13848 defines the specification for measurement systems to ensure that all track-recording vehicles produce comparable results when measuring the same track. In order to achieve this, it is essential to ensure that the methods of measurement are equivalent, the transfer functions of the filters are identical and the outputs and data storage formats are comparable. This standard doesn't define the requirements for vehicle acceptance.



EN 13848-2:2006 (E) 6
1 Scope This European Standard specifies the minimum requirements for measuring principles and systems in order to produce comparable results. It applies to all measuring equipment fitted on dedicated recording vehicles, or on vehicles specifically modified for the same purpose, after the coming into force of the standard. It also defines the requirements of measurement. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13848-1, Railway applications – Track – Track geometry quality – Part 1: Characterisation of track geometry Other informative references concerning the environmental conditions (refer to 5.2) are provided in the Bibliography.
3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 track recording vehicle self propelled or hauled vehicle with fixed, dedicated, measuring equipment and systems, used for the measurement, assessment and recording of track geometry parameters under loaded conditions, which measures and produces consistent results, to the requirements of EN 13848-1 3.2 sensor device which detects, measures and translates characteristics of track geometry into quantities that can be used for further data processing 3.3 repeatability degree of agreement between the values of successive measurements of the same parameter made under the same conditions (speed, direction of measurement), where the individual measurements are carried out on the same section of track subject to the following controls:  same measurement method;  same vehicle orientation;  same method of interpretation;  similar environmental conditions;  short period of time between successive runs.



EN 13848-2:2006 (E) 7 3.4 reproducibility degree of agreement between the values of successive measurements of the same parameter made under varying conditions, where the individual measurements are carried out on the same section of track using the same measurement and interpretation methods, subject to one or more of the following:  variation of speed;  different directions of measurement;  different vehicle orientations;  different environmental conditions;  short period of time between successive runs. 3.5 comparability degree of agreement of different track recording vehicles achieved under the same conditions 3.6
validation set of tests for determining if a track recording vehicle complies with the requirements of this standard 3.7 calibration set of procedures for adjusting the measuring devices of track recording vehicles in order to meet the requirements of this standard 3.8 event record of a track or line-side feature that can be either technical, physical or natural 3.9 localisation information required to locate events and the measured track geometry 3.10 reference track track with known characteristics necessary to allow adequate testing of the track geometry recording system 4 Symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this European Standard, the following symbols and abbreviations apply.



EN 13848-2:2006 (E) 8 Table 1 No. Symbol Designation Unit 1 D1 Wavelength range 3 m < λ ≤ 25 m m 2 D2 Wavelength range 25 m < λ ≤ 70 m m 3 D3 Wavelength range 70 m < λ ≤ 150 m for longitudinal level Wavelength range 70 m < λ ≤ 200 m for alignment m 4 Lo Lower limit of wavelength range D1, D2, D3 m 5 Lu Upper limit of wavelength range D1, D2, D3 m 6 λ Wavelength m 7 l Twist base-length m
5 Track recording vehicle 5.1 General description For the purpose of this standard, the track geometry recording system of the vehicle is divided into several units as represented in Figure 1 below:
Figure 1 — Track geometry recording system MEASURING SYSTEM / DEVICE (5.5) DATA OUTPUT (5.7) DATA STORAGE (5.8) TRACK FEATURES INPUT (5.3) DATA LOCALISATION (5.4) DATA PROCESSING (5.6)



EN 13848-2:2006 (E) 9 The track recording vehicle shall produce consistent results, irrespective of the measuring speed and direction of travel. These results can be used for track quality monitoring, maintenance planning and safety assurance as related to track geometry. The track geometry recording system represents the totality of the equipment permanently installed on a track recording vehicle, intended to:  measure track geometry parameters;  measure the distance run by the vehicle during measuring operations;  associate these two measurements in order to locate precisely on the track the values exceeding a prescribed threshold or other elements characterising the track;  record these parameters on paper or on computer readable media;  calculate, based on the direct measured parameters, other parameters of the track geometry (twist, curvature);  process the measured data, preferably on board, in order to analyse the track geometry parameters;  store the results analysis, preferably on board, in a form easily transferable to a database. The output of the track geometry recording system shall meet the individual parameter requirements of EN 13848-1. All the measurements specified in EN 13848-1 shall be taken and stored during the run. They shall be graphically recorded and analysed in strict relation to the corresponding distance location. The track geometry recording system shall be controlled and shall, either by means of contact-type or non-contact type sensors, allow track geometrical measurements as specified in EN 13848-1 under loaded conditions of the track. The speed range shall be from standstill to the maximum permissible measuring speed of the vehicle if a chord-type measuring system is used; if an inertial-type measurement is used, a minimum speed may be necessary to measure some parameters (5 km/h is recommended). The computer system shall be of a kind and type suitable for railway vehicle bound applications and shall represent a widely used and supported technology. To prevent the interruption of the track geometry measurement and the loss of recorded data in case the measuring hardware power supply fails, it is recommended that an adequate uninterruptible power supply be provided. 5.2 Environmental conditions 5.2.1 Introduction All the measuring devices fitted on a track-recording vehicle shall comply with the environmental conditions specified below. 5.2.2 Climatic conditions For outside and inside components the following elements shall be respectively considered:  Outside components  ambient temperature;



EN 13848-2:2006 (E) 10  condensation, particularly with sudden variation of temperature at the entrance or at the exit of a tunnel;  possibility of snow;  ambient relative humidity.  Inside components  ambient temperature for operating and storage conditions;  ambient relative humidity. 5.2.3 Operating conditions The following elements shall be considered:  ballast or iron fragments impacts;  grease on the rail;  reflection condition of the rail;  characteristic light conditions;  dust, water and snow in connection with aerodynamic conditions;  safety requirements (laser beam, for example);  user friendliness;  vibrations and shocks;  electromagnetic environment;  compatibility with signalling and communication systems. 5.3 Track features input The track features input supports the data localisation (see 5.4) and shall include at least:  line identification;  track identification;  kilometreage;  increasing/decreasing kilometreage;  events such as switches, level crossings, bridges, tunnels. Other inputs may be required as, for example, the altitude for inertial devices. All these data shall be able to be entered by manual or automatic means. 5.4 Data localisation The reference point for the data localisation system may be the kilometre post or other fixed points.



EN 13848-2:2006 (E) 11 The data localisation system gives the track recording vehicle’s position along the track and shall fulfil the following functions:  synchronises the position with the reference point by various methods, using for example the satellite based positioning system, active or passive beacons or other singular points;  measures the distance covered by the track recording vehicle, compensated for direction “reverse”, and is generally based on a synchronisation signal, which could be given by a wheel-mounted encoder or any other equivalent method;  corrects manually or automatically the inaccuracies caused by:  wear, sliding, conicity of the track recording vehicle wheels;  difference of kilometre’s length;  uncertainty of the distance run transducer. 5.5 Measuring system/device 5.5.1 General Track geometry measuring relies on sensors, signal transmission and signal processing following various measuring principles as described in Annex B. 5.5.2 Sensors The sensors shall measure in real time the track geometry parameters or their components. In order to measure the parameters under track loaded conditions, the sensors placed under the vehicle’s frame shall be as close as possible to one of the vehicle’s loaded axles to respect measurement conditions indicated in EN 13848-1. The sensors’ mechanical and electrical characteristics (frequency response, signal-to-noise ratio, gain, etc.) shall be adequate to enable the generation of track geometry parameters, independently of the environmental conditions on the railway network. 5.5.3 Signal transmission Signal transmission shall comply with all elements, which are necessary for data interchange between the sensors and the signal processing unit. It shall at least comply with the following requirements:  correction of phase shift;  no distortion of results data;  compliance with appropriate industry-accepted data interchange standards. The transmission characteristics shall be appropriate to the maximum measuring speed of the track recording vehicle and the data volume.



EN 13848-2:2006 (E) 12 5.5.4 Signal processing 5.5.4.1 Introduction A track geometry parameter is obtained from a combination of signals coming from several sensors. The signal processing (signal filtering, sampling, amplification and calculation) forms the track geometry parameters from the sensors signals. Track-recording vehicles shall give comparable results when measuring the same track. To do this, it is necessary to ensure that the measurement results are equivalent and the output formats are compatible. These aspects are considered below. 5.5.4.2 Sampling The sampling for track geometry signals shall be triggered by a distance-based event so that the measurements are spatially orientated at equal intervals along the length of the track. All measurements shall be sampled at constant distance based intervals not larger than 0,5 m. 5.5.4.3 Filtering The filter characteristics shall be made identical. Thus, the transition (cut-off) wavelength, type of filter and the rate of attenuation (number of poles) shall be specified. To prevent aliasing of the data the analogue signal shall be filtered in accordance with the sampling theorem. In order to have a true representation of the variation in track geometry and to compare results obtained from different track measuring methods the signals shall be corrected and filtered so that the actual form of a track geometry variation is shown taking into consideration the track wavelengths recorded. The filters applied to the recorded track data shall have the following characteristics:  lower cut-off wavelength, defined at –3 dB, Lo = lower limit of wavelength range D1, D2, D3 (for high-pass and band-pass filters);  upper cut-off wavelength, defined at –3 dB, Lu = upper limit of wavelength range D1, D2, D3 (for low-pass and band-pass filters);  slope of at least 24 dB/octave in the stop-band. 5.6 Data processing 5.6.1 General requirements The data processing system hardware shall be suitable for use aboard a track recording vehicle. The software shall be flexible and modular in order to facilitate comparisons.
An increase in the number of input signals as well as of the number of calculations made shall be foreseen in the system design. 5.6.2 Parameter generation The signals processed in 5.5.3 shall be calculated in order to obtain parameters complying with requirements of EN 13848-1.



EN 13848-2:2006 (E) 13 5.6.3 Parameter analysis Parameter analysis shall include the following methods:  Calculation of standard deviation and mean value;  Determination of values that exceed a prescribed threshold (acceptance, alert, intervention and safety levels for example) with the following indications: localisation, involved parameter, level of detection and length of defect. NOTE Another useful processing method is frequency analysis. If processing is done on board, it shall be possible to modify the calculation parameters, e.g. section lengths, thresholds, during a measuring run. 5.6.4 Preparation for output interfaces The data processing system shall condition signals and associated information for different outputs:  data storage;  parameters visualisation;  track geometry chart;  detection of threshold exceeding values;  calculation of standard deviation and mean values;  on-line calibration;  on-line validation. 5.7 Data output 5.7.1 Visualisation Two kinds of visualisation shall be presented during the recording run: a) one for the operator who needs it to monitor the track geometry recording system with graphical and text format information. The general characteristics for the operator interface shall be:  graphic window with:  selection of sensors and/or measured parameters in order to monitor the track geometry recording system;  text format information.  interface with suitable drop-down menus and icons;  context sensitive on-line help;  tree structure menu with hot keys for rapid selection of the most used functions.



EN 13848-2:2006 (E) 14 b) one for the users of the measured data, e.g. permanent way engineers, who are more particularly interested in the track geometry condition. The general characteristics for the user interface shall be:  display of all parameters, either on a chart output, or on one or several monitors. The chart advancing or screen scrolling rate should be proportional to the running distance, irrespective of vehicle speed;  localisation information given on both chart and monitor outputs;  possibility to have at any moment, all or part of the display in a graphical form;  software allowing adjustment of the graphic output. 5.7.2 Output of analysis results Outputs shall be provided in accordance with requirements stated in EN 13848-1 and 5.6.3 above. 5.7.3 Data transmission The data shall be transferable using removable storage media, a network or radio link complying with an industry standard. 5.8 Data storage As a minimu
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