oSIST prEN ISO 22476-9:2010

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2010
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Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 9: Field vane test (ISO/DIS
22476-9:2009)
Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Felduntersuchungen - Teil 9:
Flügelscherversuch (ISO/DIS 22476-9:2009)
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Essais en place - Partie 9: Essai au
scissomètre de chantier (ISO/DIS 22476-9:2009)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 22476-9
ICS:
93.020 Zemeljska dela. Izkopavanja. Earthworks. Excavations.
Gradnja temeljev. Dela pod Foundation construction.
zemljo Underground works
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2009
ICS 93.020
English Version
Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 9:
Field vane test (ISO/DIS 22476-9:2009)
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Essais en place Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung -
- Partie 9: Essai au scissomètre de chantier (ISO/DIS Felduntersuchungen - Teil 9: Flügelscherversuch (ISO/DIS
22476-9:2009) 22476-9:2009)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for parallel enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 341.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN ISO 22476-9:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3

Foreword
This document (prEN ISO 22476-9:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 341
"Geotechnical Investigation and Testing", the secretariat of which is held by ELOT, in collaboration with
Technical Committee ISO/TC 182 "Geotechnics".
This document is currently submitted to the parallel Enquiry.
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 22476-9
ISO/TC 182/SC 1 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2009-10-15 2010-03-15
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ • ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Geotechnical investigation and testing — Field testing —
Part 9:
Field vane test
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques — Essais en place —
Partie 9: Essai au scissomètre de chantier
ICS 93.020
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), and processed
under the CEN-lead mode of collaboration as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member bodies for a parallel
five-month enquiry.
Should this draft be accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments received, will be
submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and formal vote in CEN.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at publication
stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
©
International Organization for Standardization, 2009

ISO/DIS 22476-9
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ii ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

ISO/DIS 22476-9
Contents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Equipment . 2
4.1 Vane . 2
4.1.1 General vane dimensions . 2
4.1.2 Dimensional limitations to minimise the effect of rod friction . 2
4.2 Extension rods . 4
4.3 Equipment for rotation and recording instrument . 4
5 Test procedure . 4
5.1 Selection and type of field vane test . 4
5.2 Predrilling and pushing down the vane . 5
5.3 Vane shear test . 5
5.4 Possible determination of sensitivity . 6
5.5 Selection of equipment and procedures . 6
6 Interpretation of test results . 7
7 Reporting the results . 8
Annex A (informative) Summary log for field vane shear test . 10
Annex B (informative) Test record for field vane shear test . 11
Annex C (normative) Maintenance, checks and calibration . 12
C.1 Maintenance and checks . 12
C.1.1 Linearity of extension rods . 12
C.1.2 Vane blade . 12
C.1.3 Maintenance procedures . 12
C.2 Calibration . 13
C.2.1 General procedures . 13
C.2.2 Calibration of torque measuring device . 13
Annex D (informative) Correction of undisturbed shear strength . 14
D.1 Examples of procedures to determine correction factors for the undrained shear strength . 14
D.2 Example of correction factor for the undrained shear strength on Atterberg Limits . 14
Annex E (informative) Uncertainties in vane testing . 16
Annex F (normative) Selection of test type . 17
Bibliography . 18

ISO/DIS 22476-9
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 22476-9 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee
CEN/TC 341, Geotechnical investigation and testing, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 182,
Geotechniques, Subcommittee SC 1, Geotechnical investigation and testing, in accordance with the
Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
ISO 22476 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geotechnical investigation and testing —
Field testing:
⎯ Part 1: Electrical cone and piezocone penetration tests
⎯ Part 2: Dynamic probing
⎯ Part 3: Standard penetration test
⎯ Part 4: Menard pressuremeter test
⎯ Part 5: Flexible dilatometer test
⎯ Part 6: Self-boring pressuremeter test
⎯ Part 7: Borehole jack test
⎯ Part 8: Full displacement pressuremeter test (under preparation)
⎯ Part 9: Field vane test
⎯ Part 10: Weight sounding test (TS)1)
⎯ Part 11: Flat dilatometer test (TS)1)
⎯ Part 12: Mechanical cone penetration test (CPTM)
⎯ Part 13: Plate loading test (under preparation)

1)
TS Technical Specification.
iv © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

ISO/DIS 22476-9
Introduction
The Field Vane Test is used to determine undrained shear strength of cohesive soils, by pushing a
rectangular vane body into cohesive soil and rotating it. During rotation the torque and rotation are measured.
From the measured torque and the dimensions of the vane the undrained shear strength can be derived. With
this test the remoulded strength can also be measured.
The tests are carried out in boreholes as well as with pushed in types or down hole types. The torque and
rotation are normally measured at ground level using extension rods; with downhole types the torque and
rotation are measured just above the vane body.
For field vane testing three methods are commonly used:
1. Downhole
The measurement takes place downhole.
2. Surface level
The measurement takes place at surface level
3. Push in type
The vane is pushed in, the measurement takes place at surface level
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 22476-9

Geotechnical investigation and testing — Field testing —
Part 9:
Field vane test
1 Scope
This part of ISO 22476 specifies requirements for investigations of soil by the field vane test within the scope
of the geotechnical investigations according to EN 1997-2.
This part of ISO 22476 covers the field vane test used in cohesive soils for the determination of the undrained
peak and remoulded shear strength and the sensitivity of the soil.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 10012-1:1992, Quality Assurance Requirements for Measuring Equipment - Part 1: Metrological
Confirmation System for Measuring Equipment
EN 1997-2, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design – Part 2: Ground investigation and testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
field vane test
FVT
in situ test carried out with a rectangular vane, consisting of four plates fixed at 90º to each other, pushed into
the soil to the desired depth and rotated
3.2
maximum torque (T )
max,u
torque required to obtain failure along the failure surface
3.3
maximum torque for remoulded conditions
T
max,r
torque required to measure undrained shear strength of remoulded soil
3.4
test depth
depth at mid height of the vane
3.5
waiting time
time between reaching the test depth and first application of the torque to the vane
ISO/DIS 22476-9
3.6
time to failure
time between the first application of the torque to the vane until the moment when maximum torque is reached
when measuring the undisturbed strength value
3.7
undisturbed shear strength value
c
fv
shear strength value in undisturbed conditions
3.8
residual shear strength
c
res,v
shear strength after peak shear strength has been exceeded and a constant shear strength value is measured
or at a total rotation of 180°
3.9
remoulded shear strength value
c
rv
shear strength value after remoulding the soil
3.10
sensitivity according to field vane test
S
tv
ratio of the undisturbed shear strength value to the remoulded shear strength value
4 Equipment
4.1 Vane
4.1.1 General vane dimensions
The vane shall consist of four rectangular plates fixed at 90º to each other, see Figure 1. The blades shall be
parallel with the extension rods and no significant distortion is allowed.
4.1.2 Dimensional limitations to minimise the effect of rod friction
(Some equipment using uncased extension rods and a slip coupling to separate the rod friction from the
torque on the vane are designed with marginally inclined blades in order to disengage the slip coupling during
the pushing stroke)
For practical reasons, uncased vanes often have slightly tapered lower ends of the blades. The shape shall
still be essentially rectangular with an H/D ratio of 2. Any deviation from the rectangular shape shall be
accounted for in the evaluation.
2 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

ISO/DIS 22476-9
Key
H height of the vane
D diameter of the vane
s blade thickness
d diameter of the rob
Figure 1 — Design of the vane
The relation between the height H and the diameter D of the vane shall be 2,0.
A maximum vane size D × H of 100 mm × 200 mm for very soft soils and a minimum vane size of 40 mm ×
80 mm for dense soils are commonly used for standard vanes.
The blade thickness s shall not exceed 3,0 mm but shall not be less than 0,8 mm. In very sensitive clays the
blade thickness should not exceed 2,0 mm to minimise the disturbance of the soil during pushing the vane into
the soil. The area ratio of the blades R should comply with:
a
8h ⋅()d − d + π ⋅ d
1 2 2
R = ×100%
a
π ⋅ d
where:
R is the area ratio, in %;
a
h is the height of the vane, in mm; h = 2 d ;
d is the diameter of the vane, in mm;
d is the diameter of the vane shaft, in mm.
The diameter of the vane shaft, as well as possible welding seams in the centre of the vane shall be small
enough to avoid disturbing effects to the measured shear strength value.
NOTE In some easily disturbed soils and in organic soils, the actual size of the vane may affect the results.
If the vane is fitted with a protective casing, the length of the protrusion at the test shall be at least 5 times the
diameter of the vane.
ISO/DIS 22476-9
The diameter of the vane shaft close to the vane should be less than 16 mm in sensitive soils. However, vane
shaft shall be of such rigidity that it does not twist significantly under full load conditions. In very stiff clays and
clay till, the diameter of the vane shaft above the vane may be 20 mm.
The vane shall be fitted with a device to separate the torque of the vane from any significant friction torque
along the extension rods. A casing, slip coupling or downhole torque sensor can be used.
4.2 Extension rods
Extension rods shall be used if the application of torque is at ground surface.
Extension rods shall have a diameter and torsional stiffness large enough to transmit the torque generated
during the test to the vane
The rods shall be straight. The eccentricity of the threads at the rod joints shall be less than 0,1 mm. Then
maximum permitted bending for rods or for two jointed rods is 2 mm over each 1 m of length, measured as
height of arch.
If casing tubes are used friction along the rods shall be minimised. The inner diameter of the tubes should be
large enough. For application class 2 the friction along the rods shall be measured at zero load just before
starting to rotate the vane.
4.3 Equipment for rotation and recording instrument
The equipment for rotation of the vane shall be designed to rotate at a given and constant rate, or be hand-
rotated in application class 4.
The recording instrument shall be designed to obtain the torque with accuracy compatible with the application
class in table 1.
Automatic recording is recommended. For interpretation of the test results a graph of the measured torque
versus the rotation angle should be made if possible.
The measuring range for the necessary measurements of the angle of rotation should be 360º, with a
resolution of 1º.
NOTE In many measuring systems, the registered rotation is the sum of the deformation in the measuring device,
(often some kind of spring), the twist in the extension rods and the rotation of the vane. This is sufficient for e
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