SIST-TS CEN/TS 15844-3:2013

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 15844-3:2013
01-maj-2013
3RãWQHVWRULWYH2]QDþHYDQMHSRãWQLKSRãLOMN]LGHQWLILNDFLMVNRãWHYLONR
6SHFLILNDFLMDNRGLUDQMD%1%
Postal services - ID-tagging of letter mail items - BNB-62 encoding specification
Postalische Dienstleistungen - Identkennzeichnung von Briefsendungen - Teil 3:
Festlegung der BNB-62 Kodierung
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 15844-3:2010
ICS:
03.240 Poštne storitve Postal services
35.040 Nabori znakov in kodiranje Character sets and
informacij information coding
SIST-TS CEN/TS 15844-3:2013 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TS CEN/TS 15844-3:2013

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SIST-TS CEN/TS 15844-3:2013


TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 15844-3

SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE

TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
December 2010
ICS 03.240
English Version
Postal services - ID-tagging of letter mail items - Part 3: BNB-62
encoding specification
Traitement automatisé des envois postaux - Postalische Dienstleistungen - ID-Kennzeichnung von
Chronomarquage des envois postaux - Partie 3: Briefsendungen - Teil 3: Festlegung der BNB-62-Codierung
Spécification de codage en BNB (Bar No Bar)- 62
caractères
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 12 January 2009 for provisional application.

The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.

CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 15844-3:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Symbols and abbreviations .5
5 Usage limitations – Limited issuance .5
6 Value range limitations .6
7 Encoding specification .7
7.1 Data to be encoded .7
7.2 Calculation of the error detection and correction bits.9
7.3 Construction of the bar code to be printed on the Item . 10
8 Printing of the bar code . 11
8.1 Optical characteristics of the ink . 11
8.2 Bar code characteristics . 11
9 Reading and interpretation of BNB-62 bar codes . 12
9.1 Discrimination from other bar codes . 12
9.2 Fully-read bar codes . 13
9.3 Partially read bar codes . 13
9.4 Checking data field values . 13
9.5 Manual interpretation of bar codes . 15
10 Conversion to the message and binary representations . 15
Annex A (informative) Error detection and correction algorithms . 18
A.1 Introduction . 18
A.2 Calculation of error control bars . 18
A.3 Checking the read value for errors . 18
A.4 Correcting an erroneous bar code . 19
Annex B (informative) S18 ID-tag 62-position BNB bar code template . 20
Bibliography . 21

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Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 15844-3:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 331 “Postal
services”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
NOTE This document has been prepared by experts coming from CEN/TC 331 and UPU, under the framework of the
Memorandum of Understanding between the UPU and CEN.
1)
This document, CEN/TS 15844-3, is the CEN equivalent of UPU standard S18c-6. It may be amended only
after prior consultation, between CEN/TC 331 and the UPU Standards Board, in accordance with the
Memorandum of Understanding between CEN and the UPU.
2)
The UPU’s contribution to the document was made, by the UPU Standards Board and its sub-groups, in
accordance with the rules given in Part V of the "General information on UPU standards".
This document forms Part 3 of a multi-part CEN/TS 15844, Postal services — ID-tagging of letter mail items. It
should be read in conjunction with the main body of the specification, Part 1.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.


1)
The Universal Postal Union (UPU) is the specialized institution of the United Nations that regulates the universal postal service. The
postal services of its 189 member countries form the largest physical distribution network in the world. Some 5 million postal employees
working in over 660 000 post offices all over the world handle an annual total of 425 billion letters-post items in the domestic service and
almost 6,7 billion in the international service. Some 4,5 billion parcels are sent by post annually. Keeping pace with the changing
communications market, posts are increasingly using new communication and information technologies to move beyond what is
traditionally regarded as their core postal business. They are meeting higher customer expectations with an expanded range of products

and value-added services.
2)
The UPU's Standards Board develops and maintains a growing number of standards to improve the exchange of postal-related
information between posts, and promotes the compatibility of UPU and international postal initiatives. It works closely with posts,
customers, suppliers and other partners, including various international organizations. The Standards Board ensures that coherent
standards are developed in areas such as electronic data interchange (EDI), mail encoding, postal forms and meters. UPU standards are
published in accordance with the rules given in Part VII of the General information on UPU standards, which may be freely downloaded

from the UPU world-wide web site (www.upu.int).
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Introduction
A general introduction to all parts of the Technical Specification is provided in CEN/TS 15844-1. This part
deals only with the encoding of ID-tags in the form of a 62-position bar-no-bar code, BNB-62, printed on the
reverse side of items, in area R1, using fluorescent ink. It is arranged under six main headings:
 Usage limitations – limited issuance: explains that only designated issuers may apply BNB-62 ID-tags in
accordance with this specification, though any organisation with appropriate equipment may read and use
them;
 Value range limitations: defines limitations on the values of data elements used in ID-tags which are to be
represented on items in the form of a BNB-62 bar code;
 Encoding specification: specifies the construction of a 62-position bar-no-bar code from ID-tag data
elements;
 Printing of the bar code: to allow the association of computer data with a physical item, the ID-tag is
printed on the item itself. This clause defines required ink and printing parameters;
Reading and interpretation of BNB-62 bar codes: specifies the validation and error correction requirements
associated with the reading of ID-tags represented using BNB-62 bar codes;
Conversion to the message and binary representations: describes the correspondence between BNB-62
representation and the binary and message interchange representations defined in CEN/TS 15844-1.
The above definition is supported by an informative annex:
 S18 ID-tag 62-position BNB bar code template: provides a template which may be used for manual
decoding of the data elements in printed BNB-62 representations of an ID-tag. Such manual decoding
should be used with caution since, unless the complete bar code is read and processed through the
appropriate error detection/correction algorithm, there is no certainty that the value obtained has been
read correctly.
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1 Scope
This part of the Technical Specification defines the representation of ID-tags as a 62-position bar-no-bar code
(BNB-62) printed in fluorescent ink in area R1 on the reverse side of items.
)
3
BNB-62 encoding is one of two encoding specifications supported by this Technical Specification for the
printing of ID-tags in area R1, the other being BNB-78, which is specified in CEN/TS 15844-2.
NOTE 1 Representation in the form of a 4-state code printed on the front of the item is covered in CEN/TS 15844-4 for
flats and CEN/TS 15844-5 for small letters.
BNB-62 encoding is authorised for use only by three issuers: An Post (Ireland), Canada Post and USPS. It
should be encountered, on incoming items, only on mail items which originated in Canada, Ireland or the
United States. Other issuers wishing to apply ID-tags in area R1 are required to use the BNB-78 encoding
defined in CEN/TS 15844-2.
NOTE 2 ID-tags encoded in area R1 are required by article RL 123 of the UPU Letter Post Regulations [2] to be
compliant with UPU standard S18 – and by this with the related CEN/TS 15844. This supports only two encodings in area
R1, namely BNB-78 as defined in CEN/TS 15844-2 and BNB-62 as defined herein. The latter is authorised for continued
use only by the three issuers mentioned above. Where ID-tags are used, and are applied in area R1 on the reverse side of
letter mail items of size up to and including C5, the use of BNB-78 encoding is mandatory for all other issuers.
NOTE 3 BNB-62 encoding is not considered suitable for use on flats. CEN/TS 15844-4 defines a 4-state encoding
which may be used for this purpose.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
CEN/TS 15844-1:2010, Postal services — ID-tagging of letter mail items — Part 1: ID-tag structure, message
and binary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in CEN/TS 15844-1:2010 apply.
4 Symbols and abbreviations
See CEN/TS15844-1:2010, Postal services — ID-tagging of letter mail items — Part 1: ID-tag structure,
message and binary.
5 Usage limitations – Limited issuance
The application of ID-tags to items using BNB-62 representation is restricted to three issuers: An Post
(Ireland), Canada Post and USPS.
NOTE There are no constraints on the reading and use of ID-tags. Any mail handling organisation with appropriate
reading equipment may read ID-tags on items and use these for their intended purposes. However, the encoding of
ID-tags in BNB-62 format is restricted to the three identified issuers.

3)
 References to "this Technical Specification" should be interpreted as references to CEN/TS 15844 as a whole, not
only to Part 3.
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6 Value range limitations
In addition to the component value limitations defined in CEN/TS 15844-1, the following limitations apply to ID-
tags which are to be represented in the form of BNB-62 bar codes:
NOTE 1 These limitations derive from the specification of BNB-62 format, which preceded the definition of UPU
standard S18.
a) the format identifier is limited to the value 18B;
b) only four issuer codes are supported: CAA for Canada Post; IEA for An Post and USA and USB for
USPS;
NOTE 2 In BNB-62 bar codes, the issuer code is represented by a combination of a single bit, called the C-bit, and
the equipment identifier, based on the ranges specified below.
NOTE 3 Two issuer codes are used for USPS to allow a distinction to be made between ID-tags applied by USPS
itself (issuer code USA) and ID-tags applied, under licence from USPS, by major mail producers (issuer code USB).
c) domain codes are not used;
d) the possible values of equipment identifier are limited to:
1) F8C-F9F, with C-bit value 1 for An Post (issuer code IEA);
2) E10-F8B, with C-bit value 1 for Canada Post (issuer code CAA);
3) 001-D47, with C-bit value 0 for USPS (issuer code USA);
4) D48-E0F, with C-bit value 1 for USPS-licensed mailers (issuer code USB).
NOTE 4 In CEN/TS 15844, equipment codes are hexadecimal. In decimal notation, these ranges correspond to
0001-3599 for USPS; 3600-3979 for Canada Post and 3980-3999 for An Post. Values of 000 and in excess of F9F
(decimal 3999) should not be encountered.
NOTE 5 Equipment codes in the range D48-E0F (decimal 3400-3599) are allocated, by USPS to agents (mailers)
which ID-tag items on USPS' behalf. Items carrying ID-tags with equipment identifiers in this range typically enter the
postal system only after a delay and, if the time interval in the ID-tag is used for quality measurement purposes,
should be subject to different delay criteria. In ID-tag message and binary representations, these ID-tags carry a
different issued code (USB instead of USA) to permit their easy identification.
NOTE 6 Should it ever become necessary to licence additional issuers to use the BNB-62 representation, this
would be achieved by use of C-bit value 1 in association with equipment identifiers 001-D47 and of C-bit value 0 with
equipment identifiers D48-E0F. Readers should therefore be designed to accommodate this possibility.
e) priority is not supported and always has value N.
NOTE 7 The original USPS specification includes a priority-like component referred to as "mail class". However,
this is not used in practice and the bar position concerned (the first position after the start bar) is always:
 space in BNB-62 ID-tags issued by USPS itself;
 bar in BNB-62 ID-tags issued by An Post, Canada Post and mailers authorised to apply ID-tags by USPS;
 the item number is limited to the range 00001-24999;
 tracking indicator is not supported and always has value N.
The normal specification allows for allocation equipment with a peak processing speed of 24 999 items per
30-minute time interval. In cases in which two physically distinct allocation systems each have a throughput of
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less than 12 500 items per 30-minute period, they may share a single equipment identifier. One of the
systems then uses the item number range 00001-12499; the other uses 12500-24999. This implies that
"equipment identifier" alone might not actually identify the unit of equipment which allocated the ID-tag.
7 Encoding specification
7.1 Data to be encoded
The ID-tag components shall be converted into an array of 13 fields, referred to as C, M , M , M , M , D , D ,
3 2 1 0 1 0
T , T , S , S , S , S and S , as follows:
1 0 4 3 2 1 0
NOTE 1 This clause defines the data to be included in the bar code. Because of limitations on bar code length and
pitch, it is not possible to encode the ID-tag information in the same format as is used in either the message or binary
representations of the ID-tag (as defined in CEN/TS 15844-1).
NOTE 2 The UPU identifier is not encoded in the BNB representations of ID-tags: given the restrictions on the
encoding of area R1 defined in UPU standard S19 and in article RL 123 of the Letter Post Regulations [2], it is presumed
that any fluorescent BNB bar code, found in area R1, which correctly decodes in accordance with this specification or that
in CEN/TS 15844-2, is an S18 ID-tag.
NOTE 3 Format identifier is not encoded in the BNB-62 representation of ID-tags: it is presumed that a fluorescent
BNB bar code, found in area R1, which has approximately 62 positions and which correctly decodes in accordance with
this specification, is an S18 BNB-62 ID-tag.
C: a single bit having value 0 in ID-tags issued directly by USPS (equipment identifier range 001-D47) and
value 1 in ID-tags issued by licensed US mailers, An Post and Canada Post.
M : the first digit of the equipment identifier expressed in decimal notation (value 0 to 3), converted to a 2-bit
3
value using Table 1 below.
Table 1 — Data field encoding look-up table
Data value to be encoded Encoded representation in
4-bit field 3-bit field 2-bit field
0 1111 111 11
1 1110 110 10
2 1101 101 01
3 1100 100 00
4 1011 011
5 1010 010
6 1001
7 0100
8 0111
9 0110
NOTE 4 The 2-bit combination 00 is only used in field M . The possibility of its resulting in a run of more than
3
four spaces is prevented by ensuring that it is either preceded by a bar (and followed by a maximum of two spaces)
or that it is followed by a maximum of one space. For this reason, the C-bit is not permitted to have value 0 in
association with equipment identifiers above E0F (3599 decimal).
EXAMPLE 1 If the equipment identifier is 8E6, its decimal equivalent is 8256 + 1416 + 6 = 2278, which has
first digit 2. M will be 01.
3
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M : the second digit of the equipment identifier expressed in decimal notation (value 0 to 9), converted to a
2
4-bit value using Table 1.
EXAMPLE 2 If the equipment identifier is 8E6, its decimal equivalent is 8256 + 1416 + 6 = 2278, which has
second digit 2, resulting in M being 1101.
2
M : the third digit of the equipment identifier expressed in decimal notation (value 0 to 9), converted to a
1
4-bit value using Table 1.
EXAMPLE 3 If the equipment identifier is 8E6, its decimal equivalent is 8256 + 1416 + 6 = 2278, which has
third digit 7, resulting in M being 0100.
1
M : the fourth digit of the equipment identifier expressed in decimal notation (value 0 to 9), converted to a
0
4-bit value using Table 1.
EXAMPLE 4 If the equipment identifier is 8E6, its decimal equivalent is 8256 + 1416 + 6 = 2278, which has
fourth digit 8, resulting in M being 0111.
0
D : the first digit of the date within the current calendar month (value 0-3), converted to a 3-bit value using
1
Table 1.
th
EXAMPLE 5 If the date is the 6 , the first digit is 0, resulting in D being 111.
1
D : the second digit of the date within the current calendar month (value 0-9), converted to a 4-bit value
0
using Table 1.
th
EXAMPLE 6 If the date is the 6 , the second digit is 6, resulting in D being 1001.
0
NOTE 5 Month is not encoded in the BNB-62 representation of ID-tags: on reading of such codes, it is
presumed that the calendar month is:
 the current month if the day number in the ID-tag is less than or equal to the current day within the month;
 the previous calendar month otherwise.
T : the first decimal digit of the number (counting from 0) of the 30-minute interval within the day during
1
which the ID-tag was allocated, converted to a 3-bit value using Table 1.
NOTE 6 30-minute intervals are counted from 00, for the time interval between 00:00 and just before 01:30, up
to 47, for the time interval between 23:30 and just before 24:00. Hence, the first digit is in the range 0-4 and can be
represented as a 3-bit value.
th
EXAMPLE 7 If the ID-tag was applied at 15:23, this corresponds to the 30 half hour period (counting form 0).
The first digit is 3, resulting in T being 100.
1
T : the second decimal digit of the number of the 30-minute interval within the day, during which the ID-tag
0
was allocated, converted to a 4-bit value using Table 1.
th
EXAMPLE 8 If the ID-tag was applied at 15:23, this corresponds to the 30 half hour period (counting form 0).
The second digit is 0, resulting in T being 1111.
0
S : the first decimal digit of the item number, converted to a 2-bit value using Table 1.
4
NOTE 7 Item number is limited to the range 00001 to 24999, so the first digit is in the range 0-2 and can be
represented as a 2-bit value.
th
EXAMPLE 9 If the ID-tag was the 14 880 to be applied in the half hour period concerned, the first digit of the
serial number is 1, resulting in S being 10.
4
S : the second decimal digit of the item number, converted to a 4-bit value using Table 1.
3
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th
EXAMPLE 10 If the ID-tag was the 14 880 to be applied in the half hour period concerned, the second digit of
the serial number is 4, resulting in S being 1011.
3
S : the third decimal digit of the item number, converted to a 4-bit value using Table 1.
2
th
EXAMPLE 11 If the ID-tag was the 14 880 to be applied in the half hour period concerned, the third digit of the
serial number is 8, resulting in S being 0111.
2
S : the fourth decimal digit of the item number, converted to a 4-bit value using Table 1.
1
th
EXAMPLE 12 If the ID-tag was the 14 880 to be applied in the half hour period concerned, the fourth digit of
the serial number is 8, resulting in S being 0111.
1
S : the last decimal digit of the item number, converted to a 4-bit value using Table 1.
0
th
EXAMPLE 13 If the ID-tag was the 14 880 to be applied in the half hour period concerned, the last digit of the
serial number is 0, resulting in S being 1111.
0
7.2 Calculation of the error detection and correction bits
The ID-tag data shall, for the purposes of representation on the item by means of a BNB-62 bar code, be
protected by the incorporation of error control codes, calculated in accordance with the following algorithm:
NOTE 1 It is not sufficient to simply record the ID-tag data content as a BNB pattern, as read errors would make the
result unusable. The algorithm defined uses a polynomial code with 47 information bits and twelve redundancy bits,
numbered E to E . A thirteenth redundancy bit, E , ensures that the overall bar code has even parity. When the ultimate
11 0 P
bar code is read, these bits are used to provide an error detection and correction capability, allowing the ID-tag to be read
even when it is imperfectly printed and/or partly obliterated.
NOTE 2 The specified algorithm supports correction of errors in any two bar code positions and detection of errors in
three bar positions.
NOTE 3 If the number of errors exceeds the error correction capacity of the algorithm, e.g. if there are more than three
bar values in error, then the specified algorithm will not result in the original bar code, but might yield an apparently valid
result. This means that the algorithm is potentially sensitive to shifting of the bar code in case of erasure of or failure to
recognise the start bar. In theory, this could give rise to misreads. However, these are normally detected by the validation
mechanisms defined in Clause 9 and in the clause on Reading and validation of ID-tags on items in CEN/TS 15844-1.
Operational experience confirms that the BNB-62 ID-tag misread rate is low.
NOTE 4 It should be stressed that the algorithm specified below is expressed in a simple mathematical form.
Computer-coded implementations need not follow the same logic, provided that the bar pattern which results is identical to
that resulting from the algorithm given here.
1) Construct a 47 element binary array F , with n = 0-46, by taking the fields defined in 7.1 in the order of
n
their definition and using the bits in the order left to right;
2) treating each element of F as a binary (value 0 or 1) coefficient, construct the polynomial P:
46
(58−n)

∑
F x
n
n=0
3) perform modulus 2 division of P by the generator polynomial G:
12 10 8 5 4 3
+ + + + + +
x x x x x x 1
to give a quotient Q and remainder E such that:
= • ⊕

Q G
P E
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4) express the coefficients of E as twelve elements {E11, E10, …, E1, E0} of a binary array such that:
11
11−n
=
∑
E E x
11−n
n=0
NOTE 5 In this case, the coefficients are numbered from 11 down to 0, not (as is the case for F) from 0
upwards.
5) count the number of 1 values in P and E taken together. If the total is even, set EP to 0; if it is odd, set
E to 1.
P

EXAMPLE Based on the example given in 7.1 above, the steps give:
1) F = {0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1};
56 55 54 52 50 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 37 36 33 32 31 30 29 27 25
2) P = {x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x +
24 22 21 20 18 17 16 15 14 13 12
x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x };
44 43 41 38 36 34 32 31 29 28 26 21 19 17 16 15 14 12 10 4
3) P = { x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + 1} 
12 10 8 5 4 3 9 7 5 3
{x + x + x + x + x + x + 1} xor {x + x + x + x + 1};
4) E = {0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1};
5) the number of 1 values in P is 32 and the number in E is 5, giving a total of 37, which is odd. Hence E is 1.
P
7.3 Construction of the bar code to be printed on the Item
A 62-bar position bar code shall be constructed by concatenating:
a) a single start bar (l);
b) the values of C, M , E , M , E , M , E , M , E , D , E , D , E , T , E , T , E , S , E , S , E , S , E , S , E ,
3 11 2 10 1 9 0 8 1 7 0 6 1 5 0 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0
...