SIST EN ISO 22476-7:2013

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2013
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Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 7: Borehole jack test (ISO
22476-7:2012)
Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Felduntersuchungen - Teil 7:
Seitendruckversuch (ISO 22476-7:2012)
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Essais en place - Partie 7: Essai au
dilatomètre rigide diamétral (ISO 22476-7:2012)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 22476-7:2012
ICS:
93.020 Zemeljska dela. Izkopavanja. Earthworks. Excavations.
Gradnja temeljev. Dela pod Foundation construction.
zemljo Underground works
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 22476-7
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2012
ICS 93.020
English Version
Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 7:
Borehole jack test (ISO 22476-7:2012)
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Essais en place Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung -
- Partie 7: Essai au dilatomètre rigide diamétral (ISO Felduntersuchungen - Teil 7: Seitendruckversuch (ISO
22476-7:2012) 22476-7:2012)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 November 2012.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 22476-7:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 22476-7:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 341
“Geotechnical Investigation and Testing", the secretariat of which is held by ELOT, in collaboration with
Technical Committee ISO/TC 182 "Geotechnics".
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by June 2013.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22476-7
First edition
2012-12-01
Geotechnical investigation and testing —
Field testing —
Part 7:
Borehole jack test
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques — Essais en place —
Partie 7: Essai au dilatomètre rigide diamétral
Reference number
ISO 22476-7:2012(E)
©
ISO 2012
ISO 22476-7:2012(E)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

ISO 22476-7:2012(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations . 3
4 Equipment . 4
5 Test procedure . 8
5.1 Calibration of the testing device . 8
5.2 Pocket drilling and device placing . 8
5.3 Loading programme . 8
5.4 Back-filling of borehole .10
5.5 Safety requirements .10
6 Test results .10
6.1 Basic equations .10
6.2 Loading tests . 11
6.3 Constant load test . 11
7 Reporting . 11
7.1 General . 11
7.2 Reporting of test results .12
7.3 Choice of axis scaling .13
7.4 Presentation of test results .13
Annex A (normative) Dimensions of borehole jacks and related device factors .14
Annex B (normative) Calibration and correction .15
Annex C (normative) Field report example .16
Annex D (informative) Test example .17
Annex E (normative) Placing the borehole jack in the ground .20
Annex F (normative) Resolutions and uncertainties .22
Bibliography .23
ISO 22476-7:2012(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 22476-7 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee
CEN/TC 341, Geotechnical investigation and testing, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 182,
Geotechnics, Subcommittee SC 1, Geotechnical investigation and testing, in accordance with the Agreement
on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
ISO 22476 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geotechnical investigation and testing —
Field testing:
— Part 1: Electrical cone and piezocone penetration test
— Part 2: Dynamic probing
— Part 3: Standard penetration test
— Part 4: Ménard pressuremeter test
— Part 5: Flexible dilatometer test
— Part 7: Borehole jack test
— Part 9: Field vane test
— Part 10: Weight sounding test [Technical Specification]
— Part 11: Flat dilatometer test [Technical Specification]
— Part 12: Mechanical cone penetration test (CPTM)
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

ISO 22476-7:2012(E)
Introduction
The results of borehole jack tests are used for ground deformation calculations provided that the range of
stresses applied in the test are representative of the stresses caused by the proposed foundation. Local
experience normally improves the application of the results.
For identification and classification of the ground, the results of sampling (according to ISO 22475-1) from
each borehole are available for the evaluation of the tests. In addition, identification and classification results
(ISO 14688-1 and ISO 14689-1) are available from every separate ground layer within the desired investigation
depth (see EN 1997-2:2007, 2.4.1.4(2) P, 4.1(1) P and 4.2.3(2) P.)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22476-7:2012(E)
Geotechnical investigation and testing — Field testing —
Part 7:
Borehole jack test
1 Scope
This part of ISO 22476 specifies the equipment requirements, execution of and reporting on borehole jack tests.
NOTE This part of ISO 22476 fulfils the requirements for borehole jack tests as part of geotechnical investigation and
testing according to EN 1997-1 [1] and EN 1997-2 [2].
This part of ISO 22476 specifies the procedure for conducting a borehole jack test in ground stiff enough not
to be adversely affected by the drilling operation. Two diametral cylindrical steel loading plates are placed in
the ground and opened by pressure. Pressure applied to, and associated opening of the probe are measured
and recorded so as to obtain a stress-displacement relationship of the ground for the range of the expected
design stress.
This part of ISO 22476 applies to test depths of ≤ 100 m and to testing either on land or off-shore.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including amendments) applies.
ISO 10012, Measurement management systems — Requirements for measurement processes and
measuring equipment
ISO 14688-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing — Identification and classification of soil —
Part 1: Identification and description
ISO 14689-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing — Identification and classification of rock — Part 1:
Identification and description
ISO 22475-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing — Sampling methods and groundwater measurements —
Part 1: Technical principles for execution
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in
measurement (GUM:1995)
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
equipment for borehole jack test
borehole jack, hydraulic pump, measuring unit and cables to connect the borehole jack to the measuring unit
and the hydraulic pump
ISO 22476-7:2012(E)
3.1.2
borehole jack sounding
series of successive operations necessary to perform borehole jack testing at a given location, i.e. forming a
borehole and performing borehole jack tests in this borehole
3.1.3
pocket for jack test
circular cylindrical cavity drilled in a borehole in which to insert the borehole jack device
3.1.4
borehole jack
circular cylindrical instrument in which two diametrically opposed curved plates on the outside are forced apart
by the application of hydraulic pressure to one or more small jacks located between them
3.1.5
borehole jack test
process of jacking two cylindrical loading plates diametrically outwards against the borehole wall and measuring
their associated expansion as a function of pressure and time
NOTE 1 See Figure 1.
NOTE 2 When testing in a borehole where the hydraulic head in the instrument supply line is likely to exceed the
hydraulic head of the fluid in the borehole, consideration must be given to restricting the expansion of the instrument before
it enters the pocket and at the conclusion of the test.
3.1.6
depth of test
distance between the ground level and the centre of the loading plates measured along the borehole axis
NOTE See Figure 2.
3.1.7
operator
qualified person who carries out the test
2 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

ISO 22476-7:2012(E)
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this International Standard the symbols and abbreviations of Table 1 apply.
Table 1 — Symbols
Symbol Description Unit
A Projected area of the cylindrical loading plates on the plane normal to the axis of m
expansion
A Cross section area in one jack cylinder m
c
b
Width of the loading plates mm
d Design diameter of the jack mm
d Initial diameter of test pocket mm
d Current diameter of test pocket mm
c
d Diameter of the pocket at the start of the test mm
s
e
Associated loading plate expansion mm
e Loading plates expansion at time t or pressure p mm
1 1 1
e Loading plates expansion at time t or pressure p mm
2 2 2
Δe Loading plates expansion change equals diametral displacement of borehole mm
i
wall
E Modulus of borehole jack test for loading condition MPa
B
E Modulus of borehole jack test for unloading condition MPa
U
f Specific device factor –
k time-dependent strain parameter mm
f
l axial length of loading plates mm
l transducer centre-to-centre length mm
T
p applied pressure MPa
p calculated average contact stress MPa
c
p maximum contact stress MPa
max
p initial contact pressure MPa
s
p pressure at time t MPa
1 1
p pressure at time t MPa
2 2
q hydraulic pressure in a jack MPa
q maximum hydraulic pressure to be used MPa
max
q starting pressure of the test MPa
s
r friction resistance in one jack cylinder MPa
c
t time min
t time 1 of a constant stress test min
t time 2 of a constant stress test min
z
test depth m
z groundwater depth m
w
α tilt angle of the loading plates °
β opening angle of loading plates °
Δp change of calculated average contact stress MPa
c
ν
Poisson’s ratio –
ISO 22476-7:2012(E)
4 Equipment
The principle of the borehole jack test is shown in Figure 1.
Key
1 ground surface
2 borehole
3 test pocket
4 loading plates
p applied pressure
A-A axial section
B-B cross section
Figure 1 — Example of a borehole jack test
The equipment to carry out borehole jack tests shall consist of the components shown in Figure 2.
4 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

ISO 22476-7:2012(E)
Key
1 setting rods 8 borehole jack
2 signal cable 9 loading plate
3 measuring unit β opening angle
4 pressure gauge d initial diameter of test pocket
5 hydraulic pump b width of loading plate
6 pressure line z test depth
7 sediment collection tube B-B cross section
Figure 2 — Diagram of borehole jack equipment (depth less than 100 m)
The following components are obligatory:
— borehole jack (No. 8 in Figure 2);
— pressure line (No. 6 in Figure 2);
— signal cable (No. 2 in Figure 2);
— measuring unit (No. 3 in Figure 2);
— hydraulic pump (No. 5 in Figure 2);
— pressure gauge (No. 4 in Figure 2);
The following components are recommended:
— sediment collection tube to protect from caving (No. 7 in Figure 2);
ISO 22476-7:2012(E)
— setting rods (No. 1 in Figure 2).
The nominal diameter of the borehole shall be some millimetres larger than the external diameter of the closed
borehole jack.
NOTE In the case of a borehole diameter of 101 mm, a borehole jack with an external diameter of 95 mm has been
shown to be suitable.
Annex A shows the geometrical parameters for various instruments.
The hydraulic pressure applied to the jacking cylinders between the loading plates shall be measured by an
electric transducer in the instrument (see Figure 3). The pressure may be recorded by a suitable measuring
device at the ground surface.
6 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

ISO 22476-7:2012(E)
Key
1 displacement transducer d design diameter of the jack
l
2 hydraulic cylinders (variable No.) axial length of loading plates
3 spherical bearing surface l centre-to-centre distance of transducers
T
4 loading plate A-A axial section
5 axis of cylinder expansion B-B cross section
b width of the loading plate
Figure 3 — Sketch of expanded borehole jack: axial section and cross section
ISO 22476-7:2012(E)
The expansion of the loading plates shall be monitored by one or more electric transducers. If the loading
plates are moved by hydraulic cylinders connected in parallel, at least two such transducers should be provided
so that any tilt of the loading plates is recorded. If the plates cannot tilt then a single transducer is sufficient.
The pressure line and the signal cable shall connect the downhole instrument to the measuring and control
units at the surface. The pressure line shall be connected to a hydraulic pump and a pressure gauge. The
signal cable shall connect the transducers in the instrument to the measuring unit.
5 Test procedure
5.1 Calibration of the testing device
Before testing, the equipment shall have been calibrated and applicable corrections determined (see Annex B).
Copies of the calibration
...