SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2022
(Main)Solid biofuels - Determination of moisture content - Part 1: Reference method (ISO 18134-1:2022)
Solid biofuels - Determination of moisture content - Part 1: Reference method (ISO 18134-1:2022)
This document describes the method of determining the moisture content of a test sample of solid biofuels by drying in an oven and can be used when high precision of the determination of moisture content is necessary. The method described in this document is applicable to all solid biofuels. The moisture content of solid biofuels (as received) is always reported based on the total mass of the test sample (wet basis).
NOTE Biomass materials can contain small amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOC) which can evaporate when determining moisture content by oven drying (see References [1] and [2]). The release of such compounds is quite small relative to the overall moisture content as determined by this method and is disregarded in this document.
Biogene Festbrennstoffe - Bestimmung des Wassergehaltes - Teil 1: Referenzverfahren (ISO 18134-1:2022)
Dieses Dokument legt das Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Wassergehaltes einer Versuchsprobe von biogenen Festbrennstoffen durch Trocknen in einem Ofen fest und kann angewendet werden, wenn eine hohe Präzision der Bestimmung des Wassergehaltes erforderlich ist. Das in diesem Dokument festgelegte Verfahren ist für alle biogenen Festbrennstoffe anwendbar. Der Wassergehalt von biogenen Festbrennstoffen (im Anlieferungszustand) wird immer bezogen auf die Gesamtmasse der Versuchsprobe (Bezugsbasis Feuchtmasse) angegeben.
ANMERKUNG Biomasse-Materialien können geringe Mengen an flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen (VOC, en: volatile organic compounds) enthalten, die bei der Bestimmung des Wassergehaltes durch Ofentrocknung verdampfen können (siehe Literaturhinweise [1] und [2]). Die Freisetzung derartiger Verbindungen ist im Verhältnis zum Gesamtgehalt an Wasser, der mit diesem Verfahren bestimmt wird, verhältnismäßig gering und wird in diesem Dokument vernachlässigt.
Biocombustibles solides - Dosage de la teneur en humidité - Méthode de séchage à l'étuve - Partie 1: Méthode de référence (ISO 18134-1:2022)
Le présent document décrit la méthode de dosage de la teneur en humidité d’un échantillon pour essai de biocombustibles solides par séchage à l’étuve. Cette méthode peut être utilisée lorsqu’une grande fidélité est nécessaire. La méthode décrite dans le présent document est applicable à l’ensemble des biocombustibles solides. La teneur en humidité des biocombustibles solides (à réception) est toujours rapportée à la masse totale de l’échantillon pour essai (base humide).
NOTE Les matériaux de la biomasse peuvent contenir de petites quantités de composés organiques volatils (COV) qui peuvent s'évaporer lors du dosage de la teneur en humidité par séchage au four (voir Références [1] et [2]). La libération de ces composés est très faible par rapport à la teneur en humidité globale telle que déterminée par cette méthode et n'est pas prise en compte dans le présent document.
Trdna biogoriva - Določevanje vlage - 1. del: Referenčna metoda (ISO 18134-1:2022)
General Information
Relations
Overview
EN ISO 18134-1:2022 - "Solid biofuels - Determination of moisture content - Part 1: Reference method" - is the CEN-adopted reference for measuring moisture in solid biofuels by oven drying. Intended where high-precision moisture determination is required, the method applies to all solid biofuels and requires results to be reported on a wet basis (moisture as received, relative to total sample mass). The procedure is internationally harmonized (ISO 18134-1:2022) and supersedes the 2015 edition.
Key Topics and Requirements
- Principle: Dry a test portion in an air atmosphere oven at (105 ± 2) °C until constant mass is reached; calculate moisture from mass loss.
- Apparatus: temperature-controlled drying oven (air changes 3–5/h), non-corrodible trays, and a balance readable to 0.1 g.
- Sample preparation:
- Follow ISO 18135 / ISO 21945 for sampling and ISO 14780 for size reduction.
- Particles: ensure at least one dimension < 31.5 mm.
- Minimum test portion mass: 300 g (or 100 g for fine particulate fuels).
- Warning: avoid moisture gain/loss during handling and grinding; pre-dry high moisture samples if necessary.
- Procedure highlights:
- Weigh an empty drying tray; transfer sample in a thin, even layer (recommendation for fine particles: layer not exceeding 1 g per 1 cm of surface area).
- Use an identical reference tray to correct for buoyancy effects when hot.
- Define constant mass as a change ≤ 0.2% absolute of initial test portion mass during 60 minutes of heating.
- Weigh trays while still hot to apply buoyancy correction.
- Calculation: moisture content reported on a wet basis; includes formulae for pre-dried samples.
Note: Small emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can occur during oven drying but are considered negligible by this standard.
Applications and Users
EN ISO 18134-1:2022 is used by:
- Accredited testing laboratories performing moisture analysis of pellets, wood chips, agricultural residues, and other solid biofuels.
- Quality control teams at biomass fuel producers and suppliers.
- Certification bodies and regulators verifying fuel specifications and compliance.
- Researchers and product developers needing rigorous moisture data for calorific value, storage, combustion performance, and emissions assessments.
This standard ensures reproducible, traceable moisture results crucial for fuel quality, logistics (storage/drying), and energy content calculations.
Related Standards
- ISO 14780 - Solid biofuels: Sample preparation
- ISO 16559 - Solid biofuels: Vocabulary
- ISO 18135 - Solid biofuels: Sampling
- ISO 21945 - Simplified sampling for small-scale applications
Keywords: EN ISO 18134-1:2022, solid biofuels, moisture content, oven drying, reference method, wet basis, sample preparation, moisture determination.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2015
Trdna biogoriva - Določevanje vlage - 1. del: Referenčna metoda (ISO 18134-
1:2022)
Solid biofuels - Determination of moisture content - Part 1: Reference method (ISO
18134-1:2022)
Biogene Festbrennstoffe - Bestimmung des Wassergehaltes - Teil 1: Referenzverfahren
(ISO 18134-1:2022)
Biocombustibles solides - Dosage de la teneur en humidité - Méthode de séchage à
l'étuve - Partie 1: Méthode de référence (ISO 18134-1:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 18134-1:2022
ICS:
75.160.40 Biogoriva Biofuels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 18134-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 27.190; 75.160.40 Supersedes EN ISO 18134-1:2015
English Version
Solid biofuels - Determination of moisture content - Part 1:
Reference method (ISO 18134-1:2022)
Biocombustibles solides - Dosage de la teneur en Biogene Festbrennstoffe - Bestimmung des
humidité - Méthode de séchage à l'étuve - Partie 1: Wassergehaltes - Teil 1: Referenzverfahren (ISO
Méthode de référence (ISO 18134-1:2022) 18134-1:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 August 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 18134-1:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 18134-1:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 "Solid
biofuels" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” the secretariat of
which is held by SIS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2023, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 18134-1:2015.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 18134-1:2022 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18134-1:2022 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18134-1
Second edition
2022-08
Solid biofuels — Determination of
moisture content —
Part 1:
Reference method
Biocombustibles solides — Dosage de la teneur en humidité —
Partie 1: Méthode de référence
Reference number
ISO 18134-1:2022(E)
ISO 18134-1:2022(E)
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 18134-1:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 S c op e . 1
2 Nor m at i ve r ef er enc e s . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 P r i nc iple . 1
5 A pp a r at u s . 2
6 S a mple pr ep a r at ion .2
6 .1 S a mple r e duc t ion . . 2
6.2 P re-dried test sample . 2
6.3 M ass of test portion . . 2
7 P r o c e du re .2
7.1 Ha ndling of test portion . 2
7.2 W eighing of test portion and correction of buoyancy of trays . 3
8 C a lc u l at ion . 3
8.1 General . 3
8.2 M oisture content on a wet basis . 3
8.3 M oisture content for pre-dried material . 4
9 Per f or m a nc e c h a r ac t er i s t ic s . 4
10 Te s t r ep or t . 4
Bibliography . 5
iii
ISO 18134-1:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent righ
...
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2022 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Solid biofuels - Determination of moisture content - Part 1: Reference method (ISO 18134-1:2022)". This standard covers: This document describes the method of determining the moisture content of a test sample of solid biofuels by drying in an oven and can be used when high precision of the determination of moisture content is necessary. The method described in this document is applicable to all solid biofuels. The moisture content of solid biofuels (as received) is always reported based on the total mass of the test sample (wet basis). NOTE Biomass materials can contain small amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOC) which can evaporate when determining moisture content by oven drying (see References [1] and [2]). The release of such compounds is quite small relative to the overall moisture content as determined by this method and is disregarded in this document.
This document describes the method of determining the moisture content of a test sample of solid biofuels by drying in an oven and can be used when high precision of the determination of moisture content is necessary. The method described in this document is applicable to all solid biofuels. The moisture content of solid biofuels (as received) is always reported based on the total mass of the test sample (wet basis). NOTE Biomass materials can contain small amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOC) which can evaporate when determining moisture content by oven drying (see References [1] and [2]). The release of such compounds is quite small relative to the overall moisture content as determined by this method and is disregarded in this document.
SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2022 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 75.160.40 - Biofuels. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2022 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2015. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2022 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of SIST standards.
SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2022は、固体バイオ燃料の水分含量を測定するための参照方法を規定した重要な標準です。この標準の範囲は、オーブンでの乾燥により試料の水分含量を高精度で測定する方法を詳述しており、すべての固体バイオ燃料に適用可能です。この標準を使用することで、固体バイオ燃料の水分含量を正確に把握できるため、品質管理や燃料評価において不可欠な基準となります。 SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2022の強みは、その高精度な測定方法にあります。水分含量は、燃料の性質や燃焼特性に大きな影響を与えるため、正確な測定が求められます。この標準に従うことで、安定した試験結果を得ることができ、実務者は信頼性のあるデータを用いて意思決定を行うことができます。 さらに、この標準は、試料の総質量に基づいて湿潤基準で水分含量を報告することに留意しており、結果の解釈において明確なガイドラインを提供します。これは、固体バイオ燃料の特性を正確に反映するために重要です。また、バイオマス材料に含まれる揮発性有機化合物（VOC）の影響を最小限に抑えることを考慮しており、そのリリースは測定された水分含量対比で非常に小さいとされています。これにより、測定の正確性が一層強化されています。 総じて、SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2022は、固体バイオ燃料の水分含量に関する標準化文書として、業界における信頼性と正確性を提供する重要な文書であり、その適用性は多くの分野で高く評価されています。正確な水分含量の測定が求められる状況において、非常に関連性の高い標準と言えるでしょう。
SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2022는 고형 바이오 연료의 수분 함량 측정 방법을 상세히 설명하고 있으며, 이 문서는 정확한 수분 함량 결정이 필요할 때 사용할 수 있습니다. 이 표준은 모든 고형 바이오 연료에 적용 가능하며, 시험 샘플의 총 질량(습기 기준)을 기준으로 수분 함량을 보고하는 것을 권장합니다. 이 표준의 강점 중 하나는 고온의 오븐에서 시료를 건조하여 수분 함량을 정확하게 측정할 수 있는 방법을 제공한다는 점입니다. 이는 다양한 고형 바이오 연료에 대해 일관된 결과를 제공하며, 분석의 과학적 신뢰성을 높여줍니다. 또한, 이 표준은 바이오 연료의 품질 평가에 필수적인 요소인 수분 함량의 정확한 측정을 통해, 바이오 연료 산업의 품질 관리에 기여할 수 있습니다. 추가로, 이 표준은 바이오매스 재료에서 휘발성 유기 화합물(VOC)의 소량이 발생할 수 있음을 언급하고 있으나, 이들 화합물이 전체 수분 함량에 비해 상대적으로 적은 양이며, 이 방법으로 측정되는 수분 함량에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않는다고 명시하고 있어 실용적인 측면에서도 신뢰성을 보장합니다. SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2022는 고형 바이오 연료의 수분 함량을 정확히 측정할 수 있는 신뢰할 수 있는 기준을 제공함으로써, 바이오 연료의 품질 보증 및 환경적 지속 가능성을 높이는 데 매우 중요한 역할을 합니다.
The SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2022 standard provides a comprehensive reference method for determining the moisture content in solid biofuels through the reliable and precise technique of oven drying. This standard is particularly significant for stakeholders in the biofuels sector who require high accuracy in moisture determination, as it establishes a universally applicable approach for all types of solid biofuels. One of the foremost strengths of this standard is its clarity in outlining the procedure for measuring moisture content on a wet basis, which is essential for assessing the quality and energy content of biofuels. The method ensures that the results reflect the total mass of the test samples, thereby providing consistent and comparably reliable data that can foster transparency and uniformity across various laboratories and industries. Additionally, the acknowledgment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their negligible impact on the overall moisture content when using the oven drying method demonstrates a thorough understanding of biofuel materials. This aspect ensures that the methodology remains focused on accurately assessing moisture levels without overlooking minor variables that, while present, do not significantly affect the outcome. The relevance of the SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2022 standard extends beyond merely providing a testing method; it enhances the quality assurance processes in biofuel production and testing. By adhering to such established guidelines, producers and laboratories can ensure regulatory compliance and promote sustainable practices in the biofuels industry. In summary, the SIST EN ISO 18134-1:2022 standard is a crucial document for determining moisture content in solid biofuels, pairing rigorous methodology with practical application, and reinforcing its essential role in the advancement of biofuel technologies.
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