SIST EN ISO 20088-3:2020

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 20088-3:2019
01-april-2019
[Not translated]
Determination of the resistance to cryogenic spillage of insulation materials - Part 3: Jet
release (ISO 20088-3:2018)
Bestimmung der Beständigkeit von Isoliermaterialien bei kryogenem Auslaufen - Teil 3:
Freisetzung von Hochdruckstrahlen (ISO 20088-3:2018)
Détermination de la résistance des matériaux d'isolation thermique suite à un
refroidissement cryogénique - Partie 3: Émission sous forme de jet (ISO 20088-3:2018)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 20088-3
ICS:
23.020.40 Proti mrazu odporne posode Cryogenic vessels
(kriogenske posode)
oSIST prEN ISO 20088-3:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN ISO 20088-3:2019

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oSIST prEN ISO 20088-3:2019
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20088-3
First edition
2018-11
Determination of the resistance
to cryogenic spillage of insulation
materials —
Part 3:
Jet release
Détermination de la résistance des matériaux d'isolation thermique
suite à un refroidissement cryogénique —
Partie 3: Émission sous forme de jet
Reference number
ISO 20088-3:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018

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oSIST prEN ISO 20088-3:2019
ISO 20088-3:2018(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
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Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
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oSIST prEN ISO 20088-3:2019
ISO 20088-3:2018(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Test configurations . 2
4.1 General . 2
5 Construction of the test apparatus and substrates . 2
5.1 General . 2
5.2 Material . 3
5.3 Release nozzle. 3
5.3.1 Nozzle construction . 3
5.3.2 Nozzle position . 4
5.4 Specimen support . 4
5.5 Recirculation chamber . 6
6 Cryogenic spill protection materials . 6
6.1 General . 6
6.2 Wet applied coating systems .10
6.3 Preformed system testing .10
7 Instrumentation for test specimens .10
7.1 General .10
7.2 Thermocouple location .10
8 Test environment .10
9 Test procedure .12
10 Repeatability and reproducibility .13
11 Uncertainty of measurement .13
12 Test report .13
13 Practical applications of test results .14
13.1 General .14
13.2 Performance criteria .14
13.2.1 General.14
13.2.2 Coatings and spray-applied materials .15
13.2.3 Systems and assemblies .15
13.3 Factors affecting the validity of the test .15
13.3.1 General.15
13.3.2 Failure at nozzle .15
13.3.3 Failure of thermocouples . .15
Annex A (normative) Methods of fixing thermocouples .17
Annex B (normative) Complete set-up .18
Annex C (informative) Classification .21
Bibliography .23
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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore
structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 9, Liquefied natural
gas installations and equipment.
A list of all parts in the ISO 20088 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
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Introduction
The test is intended to be, as far as practicable, representative of a potential accidental pressurized
release of cryogenic liquid natural gas (LNG) manufactured in industrial plants. The test includes:
a) an initial enhanced cooling effect due to the momentum driven liquid contact with the substrate;
b) a localized force that may be expected in a cryogenic jet release.
This test is designed to give an indication of how cryogenic spill protection systems will perform when
subjected to a sudden cryogenic jet release.
The dimensions of the test specimen might be smaller than typical items of structure and plant. The
liquid cryogenic jet mass flow rates can be substantially less than that which might occur in a credible
event. However, the thermal and mechanical loads imparted to the cryogenic spill protection systems
from the cryogenic jet release, described in this document, are representative of a cryogenic LNG jet
release with hole size 20 mm or less and release pressure less than or equal to 6 barg.
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oSIST prEN ISO 20088-3:2019
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20088-3:2018(E)
Determination of the resistance to cryogenic spillage of
insulation materials —
Part 3:
Jet release
CAUTION — The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out cryogenic
spill tests is drawn to the fact that liquid nitrogen testing can be hazardous and that there is a
danger of condensing liquid oxygen (fire/explosion), receiving a ‘cold burn’ and/or the possibility
that harmful gases (risk of anoxia) can be evolved during the test. Mechanical and operational
hazards can also arise during the construction of the test elements or structures, their testing
and disposal of test residues. An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health shall
be made and safety precautions identified and provided. Appropriate training and Personal
Protection Equipment shall be given to relevant personnel. The test laboratory is responsible for
conducting an appropriate risk assessment in order to consider the impact of liquid and gaseous
nitrogen exposure to equipment, personnel and the environment.
1 Scope
This document describes a method for determining the resistance of a cryogenic spill protection
(CSP) system to a cryogenic jet as a result of a pressurized release which does not result in immersion
conditions. It is applicable where CSP systems are installed on carbon steel and will be in contact with
cryogenic fluids.
A cryogenic jet can be formed upon release from process equipment operating at pressure (e.g. some
liquefaction processes utilize 40 to 60 bar operating pressure). Due to high pressure discharge, the
cryogenic spillage protection can be compromised by the large momentum combined with extreme
cryogenic temperature.
Although the test uses liquid nitrogen as the cryogenic liquid, the test described in this document
is representative of a release of LNG, through a 20 mm orifice or less, at a release pressure of 6 barg
or less, based upon simulated parameters 1 m from the release point. Confidence in this test being
representative is based upon a comparison of the expected dynamic pressure of the simulated release
in comparison with dynamic pressure from releases in accordance with this document.
It is not practical in this test to cover the whole range of cryogenic process conditions found in real
plant conditions; in particular the test does not cover high pressure cryogenic jet releases that might be
found in refrigeration circuits and in LNG streams immediately post-liquefaction.
Liquid nitrogen is used as the cryogenic medium due to the ability to safely handle the material at the
pressures described in this document. The test condition is run at nominally 8 barg pressure.
ISO 20088-1 covers cryogenic release scenarios which can lead to pooling conditions for steel work
protected by cryogenic spill protection as a result of a jet release or low pressure release of LNG or
liquid nitrogen. ISO 20088-2 covers vapour phase exposure conditions as a result of a jet release or low
pressure release of LNG or liquid nitrogen.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
cryogenic jet release
unintended exposure to cryogenic liquid as a result of a pressurized release
3.2
cryogenic spill protection
CSP
coating or cladding arrangement, or free-standing system which, in the event of a cryogenic jet release,
will provide insulation to restrict the heat transfer rate from the substrate
3.3
limiting temperature
minimum temperature that the equipment, assembly or structure to be protected may be allowed to reach
3.4
nozzle
assembly from which the cryogenic liquid is released as a jet
3.5
sponsor
person or organization that requests a test
3.6
specimen owner
person or company that holds/produces a material to test
4 Test configurations
4.1 General
The configuration under which the test is conducted is where the specimen is placed horizontally at
height on suitable supports. The test piece is impacted at the mid-point by a horizontal liquid nitrogen
cryogenic jet release. Due to safety concerns, it is proposed that the test should only be performed
outside, unless there are sufficient safeguards implemented to mitigate the confined space and liquid
nitrogen safety risks.
5 Construction of the test apparatus and substrates
5.1 General
The key items required for the test are:
— a nozzle and cryogenic liquid feeder assembly where the temperature and pressure of the liquid can
be measured at the point the liquid enters the reducing diameter pipe to the nozzle;
— liquid nitrogen of sufficient volume for the test duration supplied from a tanker capable of offload
via a pump to generate the required stable pressure at the nozzle;
— a carbon steel specimen protected with CSP;
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— thermocouples to determine the temperature as a function of time in the steel specimen.
5.2 Material
The steel grade used for the test is to be recorded. Where welded plate girders are used, construction is
to be representative of the as-built structure. All dimensions are in millimetres and, unless otherwise
stated, the following tolerances shall be used:
— whole number ± 1,0 mm;
— decimal to point ,0 ± 0,4 mm;
— decimal to point ,00 ± 0,02 mm;
— angles ± 0’ 30”;
— radius ± 0,4 mm.
Test specimens shall include as a minimum a beam of designation 406 mm × 178 mm × 60 kg/m
or tubular specimen of wall thickness 6,3 mm and outer diameter between 270 mm and 350 mm
(including the cryogenic spill protection material). All test specimens are to be 2,5 m in length unless
otherwise agreed by the sponsor.
5.3 Release nozzle
5.3.1 Nozzle construction
Liquid nitrogen is released towards the specimen from a nozzle as shown in Figure 1. The nozzle shall
be of length (150 ± 1,0) mm, constructed from 10 mm nominal diameter stainless steel pipe with
outside diameter of 20 mm to 30 mm, -0,5/+0,5 mm giving a wall thickness between 5 mm and 10 mm.
The nozzle shall not be tapered and the end shall be clean cut with no chamfering of pipe walls. The
nozzle is fed with liquid nitrogen from a 52,5 mm diameter schedule 40 stainless steel pipe gradually
reducing in internal diameter to 10 mm over a length of 200 mm to 250 mm.
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Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 welds
2 slip-on flange
3 reducing section
4 butt weld
5 straight-sided nozzle
Figure 1 — Feed pipe and nozzle construction with a nozzle of 10 mm wall thickness
5.3.2 Nozzle position
The nozzle shall be positioned horizontally in front of the test specimen, focussed at the centre point
such that the cryogenic jet release impacts normal to the web of the beam [dry film thickness (DFT)
measurement point 7] or normal to a tangent drawn where the radius of the tube intersects the centre
point of the tubular (DFT measurement point 3) as shown in Figure 4. The tip of the nozzle shall be
located (500 ± 10) mm from the protected surface of the test specimen as shown in Figure 2.
5.4 Specimen support
A generic support shall be used to hold and support the test specimen. The support shall be fabricated
from a material resistant to cryogenic temperatures. It is the responsibility of the test laboratory to
ensure proper design of such an item and to ensure that pool formation of cryogenic liquid cannot occur
and come in contact with the sample (for tubular specimens, no liquid should be allowed to enter the
inside of the specimen). An example is given in Figure 2 with more detailed figures showing the overall
test configuration in Annex B.
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Dimensions in millimetres
a) Beam configuration (side view — including environmental chamber)
b) Pipe configuration (side view — including environmental chamber)
Key
1 environmental chamber
2 release nozzle (8 ± 0,8) barg (average pressure ±standard deviation)
3 specimen (beam shown)
4 specimen (and recirculation and protective chambers) supports
5 recirculation chamber (insulated on back surface)
6 protective chamber (support and stability)
7 specimen (tubular shown)
Figure 2 — Example of specimen support and side view configuration
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5.5 Recirculation chamber
A recirculation chamber as shown in Figure 3 shall be placed behind the specimen to provide the means
2
to standardize the atmospheric test environment. Insulation board (U Value maximum 1,25 W/m .K) is
to be affixed to the rear of the recirculation chamber. To provide extra support and stability, a steel box
is to be attached to the rear of the recirculation chamber as shown in Figure 2 (refer to ISO 22899-1).
Dimensions in millimetres

a
Thirteen holes drilled ∅18.
Figure 3 — Recirculation chamber
6 Cryogenic spill protection materials
6.1 General
CSP systems generally come in two forms; wet applied materials/coatings and preformed systems.
Preformed systems include boards, tiles, blankets, sandwich panels, etc., and are characterized by
systems that include joints and fixings. Preformed systems may be used in conjunction with wet applied
materials.
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The application/installation methodology, including any necessary surface preparation, reinforcement,
thickness, top-coats, field joints, etc., is to be determined by the sponsor and/or specimen owner and
details provided for inclusion within the test report.
The thickness for sprayed applied systems shall be measured as close as practicable to the positions
identified in Figure 4, avoiding readings directly over thermocouples wires which may give false
readings. For preformed systems, thicknesses shall be measured for the system components at
locations on the specimen corresponding to those shown in Figure 4. If there are clear signs of thinning
or thickening at positions away from those indicated for measurement, additional measurements
should be taken and reported.
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Dimensions in millimetres
a) Beam DFT measurement locations
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b) Tubular DFT measurement locations
Key
1 recirculation chamber
2 beam sample
3 pipe sample
a
Top.
b
Exposed face.
c
Bottom.
d
Unexposed face.
e
Centre line.
f
Exposed face centre line.
g
Unexposed face centre line.
Figure 4 — Thickness measurement points for I section testing and hollow section testing
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6.2 Wet applied coating systems
For CSP systems/materials that are wet applied as coatings, the CSP systems/materials should be
applied in the same manner as will be used in service.
6.3 Preformed system testing
For preformed systems, the system shall also be installed in the same manner as will be used in service.
The method of installing the system shall include representative joints, fixings and wet applied material
interface details. A minimum of two joints should be included as follows:
1) one joint located over thermocouples: 11-17 (I section) 9-12 (pipe) as shown in Figure 5;
2) one or two joints located over thermocouples: 3, 8, 14, 20, 25 (I section) 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16,
18, 20 (pipe) as shown in Figure 5. Where one joint is used this shall be directly exposed to the
cryogenic jet.
Joints should be tested, either in a single test or separate tests as determined by the sponsor and/or
specimen owner, ensuring the details are representative in accordance with Clause 10.
7 Instrumentation for test specimens
7.1 General
Thermocouples shall be fastened to all test specimens. The type and fixing shall be in accordance with
one of the methods described in Annex A.
Readings shall be recorded at intervals of not more than 1 s.
7.2 Thermocouple location
Thermocouples are positioned as shown in Figure 5.
8 Test environment
The test shall be preferably operated outdoor. If curing and conditioning is conducted under different
conditions, it shall be clearly stated in the test report.
The test shall be carried out in an environment in which the effects of the weather do not significantly
affect the test and the following conditions apply:
— the average temperature of the steel to be protected by the CSP material prior to testing shall be
(23 ± 3) °C at the beginning of the test;
— outdoor temperature shall be within a range from +10 °C to +20 °C if no environmental chamber
around the testing piece is to be utilized [otherwise an environmental chamber (3-sided plastic
tunnel) is to be attached to the recirculation box with a length of 3 m in accordance with Annex B];
— outdoor relative humidity less than 60 % [otherwise an environmental chamber (3-sided plastic
tunnel) is to be attached to the recirculation box with a length of 3 m in accordance with Annex B];
— no direct sunlight exposure;
— no direct exposure to atmospheric precipitation (includes rain, snow, sleet, hail).
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Dimensions in millimetres
a) Beam thermocouple configuration
b) Pipe thermocouple configuration
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c) Orientation of jet with thermocouples at impingement location
Key
1 recirculation chamber
2 beam sample
3 pipe sample
Figure 5 — Thermocouple locations for beams and tubular specimens
9 Test procedure
A liquid nitrogen jet is released through a 10 mm orifice at a steady pressure between (8 ± 0,8) barg
and a liquid temperature less than -170 °C (measured at the point liquid exits the schedule 40 pipe as
described in Figure 1) impinging a test object placed 500 mm from the cryogenic jet release.
It is the responsibility of the test laboratory to ensure test parameters are maintained throughout the
duration of the test.
The test procedure shall include the following.
a) The test set-up should ensure that only the intended cryogenic jet release impinges the steel
specimen, protected with CSP, from the start of the test (e.g. provide a deflector plate or nozzle
until the liquid jet stabilizes with the required test parameters).
b) Pressure and temperature readings at the nozzle are to be taken throughout the test. The
temperature of the protected steel substrate is to be monitored throughout the test t
...