oSIST prEN ISO 24202:2025

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2025
Naftna in plinska industrija, vključno z nizkoogljično energijo - Razsuti material za
priobalne projekte - Enotirna nosilna gred in dvižno uho (ISO 24202:2023)
Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy - Bulk material for offshore projects
- Monorail beam and padeye (ISO 24202:2023)
Öl- und Gasindustrie einschließlich kohlenstoffarmer Energieträger - Schüttgut für
Offshore-Projekte - Einschienenbahnträger und Anschlagauge (ISO 24202:2023)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz, y compris les énergies à faible teneur en carbone - Petits
matériels pour projets Offshore - Poutres et oeilletons des monorails (ISO 24202:2023)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 24202
ICS:
75.180.10 Oprema za raziskovanje, Exploratory, drilling and
vrtanje in odkopavanje extraction equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 24202
First edition
2023-10
Oil and gas industries including lower
carbon energy — Bulk material for
offshore projects — Monorail beam
and padeye
Industries du pétrole et du gaz, y compris les énergies à faible teneur
en carbone — Petits matériels pour projets Offshore — Poutres et
oeilletons des monorails
Reference number
ISO 24202:2023(E)
ISO 24202:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 24202:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 2
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 2
4 Requirements and specifications for monorail beams . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 Design loads . 3
4.3 Deflection . 3
4.4 End stoppers . 4
4.5 Fabrication . 4
4.6 Painting and marking . 4
4.7 Material grade and design temperature . 4
4.8 Strength assessment . 5
4.9 Fatigue assessment . 5
4.10 Specification of beam size and span . 5
4.11 Curved monorail beams . 8
4.12 Arrangement for installation of hoists and trolley . 9
4.13 Load test requirements . 9
5 Requirements and specifications for padeyes .10
5.1 General . 10
5.2 Design loads . 11
5.3 Fabrication . 11
5.4 Painting and marking . 11
5.5 Material grade and design temperature .12
5.6 Specification of shapes and dimensions .12
5.7 Load test requirements . 15
6 Testing and inspection .15
6.1 General . 15
6.2 Sampling test . 15
6.3 Sampling test for monorail beams . 15
6.4 Sampling test for padeyes . 16
6.5 Prerequisite for testing . 16
6.6 Test result evaluation . 17
6.7 Inspection . 18
Annex A (normative) Material requirements for monorail beams and padeyes .19
Annex B (normative) Detail shackle data for padeye design .30
Annex C (informative) Quality control plan .31
Annex D (informative) Detail test methods .34
Bibliography .38
iii
ISO 24202:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Oil and gas industries including lower
carbon energy, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, SC 8,
Ship design.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
ISO 24202:2023(E)
Introduction
This document aims to reduce the number and variations in requirements to the minimum necessary
to reflect a common and global best practice based upon existing standards and regulations.
The main benefit of standard shapes and dimensions for monorail beams and padeyes is to gain
a reduced delivery time, more streamlined and efficient engineering and construction as well as
improved cross use of standardized monorail beams and padeyes between projects. The specified
test methods are provided to verify by proof load test that the monorail beams and padeyes including
foundation structures have the required load carrying capacity. The detailed test methods provided in
this document aim to reduce overall testing time by early stage test and inspection, and to provide a
consistent and proven approach to ensure structural strength of monorail beams and padeyes.
v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 24202:2023(E)
Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy —
Bulk material for offshore projects — Monorail beam and
padeye
1 Scope
The purpose of this document is to provide a uniform standard for monorail beams and padeyes when
these structures are designed and constructed in offshore projects.
This document specifies the design and material requirements for mechanical handling including
monorail beams and padeyes during operations of offshore facilities. This document specifies the
standard shapes and dimensions of monorail beams and padeyes and provides material requirements
for these bulk materials.
This document is applicable to the structures of monorail beams and padeyes for topside systems for
fixed or floating offshore projects.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2566-1, Steel — Conversion of elongation values — Part 1: Carbon and low-alloy steels
ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
ISO 7452, Hot-rolled steel plates — Tolerances on dimensions and shape
ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
ISO 10474, Steel and steel products — Inspection documents
ISO 19902, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Fixed steel offshore structures
ANSI/AISC 360-10, Specification for Structural Steel Buildings
ASTM A370, Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
EN 10163-2, Delivery requirements for surface condition of hot-rolled steel plates, wide flats and sections —
Part 2: Plate and wide flats
EN 10163-3, Delivery requirements for surface condition of hot-rolled steel plates, wide flats and sections —
Part 3: Sections
EN 10204, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
ISO 24202:2023(E)
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
monorail beam
beam designed to support trolley hoists or other devices rolling directly on its bottom flange
3.1.2
padeye
lift point consisting essentially of a plate, reinforced by cheek plates if necessary, with a hole through
which a shackle can be connected
Note 1 to entry: Padeye only covers material handling as repair and maintenance activity during operation and
not construction activities, such as module lifting and block lifting.
[SOURCE: ISO 19901-6:2009, 3.63, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.1.3
proof load test
production load test performed to validate the structural strength of monorail beams (3.1.1) and
padeyes (3.1.2) including supporting structures
3.1.4
sampling test
conservative selection of monorail beam (3.1.1) or padeye (3.1.2) to ensure structural strength check
considering variable design parameters, such as safety working load, size, shape and span
Note 1 to entry: To reduce actual load test, design verification is required to verify structural strength of
monorail beams and padeyes.
3.2 Abbreviated terms
ASD allowable stress design
CJP complete joint penetration
DF design factor
DAF dynamic amplification factor
DLF design load factor
LRFD load and resistance factor design
MPI (MT) magnetic particle inspection (magnetic particle test)
NDT (NDE) non-destructive test (non-destructive examination)
PJP partial joint penetration
PVC polyvinyl chloride
SWL safety working load
UT ultrasonic test
VT visual test
WPG welded plate girder
ISO 24202:2023(E)
4 Requirements and specifications for monorail beams
4.1 General
This clause specifies requirements for design and test of monorail beams made from rolled or built-
up section as per material data sheets in Annex A. This specification applies to monorail beams and
their components only; it does neither apply to supporting structures, to travelling trolleys and lifting
appliances operating on the beams nor to crane gantries or rails.
Monorail beams should be designed to sufficiently support the loads from lifting equipment considering
SWL and arrangement of supporting structures. The design shall be based on the loads and load effects,
which are described by the manufacturer of the specific lifting equipment or described in 4.2, that are
to be suspended by the monorail beams.
4.2 Design loads
Unless otherwise agreed or stated by the manufacturer of the lifting equipment, the following design
loads apply:
a) The safety working load (SWL) for monorail beams shall be designed equal to or larger than the
selected trolley hoist SWL.
b) Design load factor (DLF) shall be taken as per Table 1.
c) The information on trolley hoist self-weight provided by manufacturer shall be used for design.
d) The horizontal load shall be taken as minimum 10 % of the design load in longitudinal direction
and 20 % of the design load in transverse direction acting in the lowest suspension point including
DLF. Horizontal loads in both directions shall be applied simultaneously to the vertical design load.
Table 1 — Design load factor depending on SWL
SWL DLF for LRFD DLF for ASD
SWL ≤ 5 t 2,52 1,74
SWL > 5 t 2,18 1,51
NOTE 1 DLF for LRFD is based on DAF and DF.
NOTE 2 DLF for ASD is converted from DLF for LRFD considering safety factor (0,6) and material resistance factor (1,15).
NOTE 3 In the proposed DLF, the value of the dynamic amplification factor (DAF) has been taken as 1,5 for SWL up to and
including 5 t, and 1,3 for SWL above 5 t.
NOTE 4 Design factor (DF) is defined as partial load factor multiplied with consequence factor. For design of monorail
beams, DF 1,68 is considered as single critical elements.
4.3 Deflection
Vertical deformation, δ , of a monorail beam shall be calculated under the SWL with trolley hoist self-
ver
weight as single load at middle of simple support or at end of cantilever (excluding load factors and self-
weight of monorail beam). δ shall conform to the following allowable values:
ver
a) for simple support member with both side boundary as shown in Figure 1: δ ≤ L / 500
ver
b) for cantilever member: δ ≤ L / 250
ver
Figure 1 — Vertical deformation
ISO 24202:2023(E)
Any deformation requirement by manufacturer shall be additionally considered.
4.4 End stoppers
Monorail beam shall be provided with end stoppers on all open ends where the lifting equipment can
become detached from the monorail beam. Either welded closed end or bolted type for maintenance
shall be considered as end stoppers. The contact area of the end stoppers shall align with the part of the
lifting equipment which is designed for such contact.
End stopper width shall be extended to the edge of the load bearing flange to prevent trolleys of any
dimension, under any operating condition, from inadvertently passing the end stopper. For welded
closed end stopper, end stopper width can be located at typically 15 mm from edge of flange as shown
in Figure 2 a). The end stopper is generally installed as bolted type for easy installation and removal of
trolley as shown in Figure 2 b).
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Closed type end stopper by welding b) Bolted type end stopper
Key
1 welded type end stopper
2 supporting structure
3 monorail beam
4 bolted type end stopper
Figure 2 — Example of end stopper
4.5 Fabrication
The detailed specification of dimensions and tolerances for monorail beams shall be as specified in
Annex A.
Welded joints on the rolling surface of monorail beam shall be ground flush.
4.6 Painting and marking
Monorail beams shall be permanently marked with unique identification with any limiting conditions
and SWL visible from floor level with font letters to be minimum 100 mm high. Monorail beams may
be painted yellow, yellow with black stripe, white or any other colour which is noticeably different than
the structural steel.
4.7 Material grade and design temperature
The design class of monorail beams shall be considered as DC4, in accordance with the design class
approach of ISO 19902. The structural significance of monorail beams including supporting structures
are not major structures for the global integrity of topside structures and the consequences of its
ISO 24202:2023(E)
failure are locally impacted on topside structures. That means the failure of monorail beams including
supporting structures will not have substantial consequences. Considering the geometrical complexity,
the monorail beams mainly have biaxial stress pattern, which are mainly axial beam bending stress
with transverse stress on flange.
Design temperature for material selection is −20 °C. Design temperature lower than −20 °C is not
covered in this document.
4.8 Strength assessment
The strength assessment for monorail beams shall be carried out in accordance with design
requirements in ANSI/AISC 360-10 using the design loads as specified in 4.2.
4.9 Fatigue assessment
The monorail beam structure shall be verified for fatigue assessment under load combinations involving
frequently applied loads and for the service life specified.
Fatigue assessment is not required for monorail beams, if the number of cycles is less than 20 000 and if
the capacity load is infrequently used.
4.10 Specification of beam size and span
The specified beam size and span for each SWL as shown in Table 2 are based upon the design load
specified in 4.2, the deflection requirements specified in 4.3 and the strength assessment specified in
4.8.
ISO 24202:2023(E)
Table 2 — Specified beam size and span for each SWL
Monorail size (mm) Maximum span (m)
Maximum
Cantilever
Simple
SWL Type allowable
“k”
H B t t
1 2
H 200 200 8 12 6,0 1,50 2,00
≤ 1 t
H 294 200 8 12 6,0 1,50 2,00
H 200 200 8 12 5,0 0,75 2,00
≤ 2 t H 294 200 8 12 5,0 1,50 2,00
H 400 200 8 13 5,5 1,50 2,00
H 200 200 8 12 3,5 0,75 2,00
H 294 200 8 12 4,0 1,25 2,00
≤ 3 t
H 400 200 8 13 4,5 1,50 2,00
H 390 300 10 16 6,0 1,50 2,00
H 200 200 8 12 2,5 0,75 1,88
H 294 200 8 12 3,5 0,75 1,93
≤ 4 t H 300 300 10 15 6,0 1,5 2,00
H 400 200 8 13 4,0 1,25 2,00
H 390 300 10 16 6,0 1,50 2,00
H 294 200 8 12 3,0 0,75 1,60
H 300 300 10 15 6,0 1,25 2,00
≤ 5 t
H 400 200 8 13 3,5 1,00 1,93
H 390 300 10 16 6,0 1,50 2,00
NOTE 1 It is also acceptable to apply welded plate girder (WPG) which has equivalent or above scantling against sectional
property of beams summarized in this table. For example, if the designer uses same inertia, elastic modulus and flange
thickness of the section reported in this table, it is possible to accept lower beam height.
NOTE 2 The specified sizes and spans in this table are fully conforming with the requirements of resistance of bottom
flanges to wheel loads in EN 1993-6:2007 based on point loads with four wheels and distance from flange edge of 5 mm
to 25 mm depending on SWL. Hoist class for EN code check is considered as “HC2” in accordance with yard practice and
experience.
NOTE 3 Maximum allowable “k” is a factor for linear superimpose stresses effect on flange of monorail beam considering
distance between wheels of trolley for the selection of trolley hoist or flange design of monorail beam. In accordance with
flange check by EN 1993-6:2007, this table provides allowable maximum “k” factor. For maximum allowable “k” factor of
2,0, current monorail beam size in this table can be applied to any type of trolley. For maximum allowable “k” factor of 1,0,
current monorail beam size in this table is not to be applied to any superimpose stresses and it is required to apply special
trolley that is no superimpose stresses due to between wheels of trolley.
NOTE 4 For monorail beam with SWL above 25 t, the structural design using WPG can be performed separately.
NOTE 5 Trolley hoist self-weight for monorail design considered in the load specifications provided in this table is 15 % of
SWL for up to and including 1 t and 10 % of SWL for above 1 t.
NOTE 6 Boundary conditions for the specified sizes of monorail beams are conservatively considered for maximum
bending moment and shear force as simple support for both sides supporting beam and fixed end for cantilever beam.
NOTE 7 Boundary conditions for deflection check are considered for maximizing the deflection as hinged and pined
boundary for simple support and fixed end for cantilever beam as shown in figures in this table.
ISO 24202:2023(E)
TTabablele 2 2 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Monorail size (mm) Maximum span (m)
Maximum
Cantilever
Simple
SWL Type allowable
“k”
H B t t
1 2
H 294 200 8 12 2,5 0,75 1,28
H 300 300 10 15 5,5 1,25 1,90
≤ 6 t
H 400 200 8 13 3,5 1,00 1,59
H 390 300 10 16 6,0 1,50 2,00
H 294 200 8 12 2,5 0,50 1,08
H 300 300 10 15 5,0 1,00 1,61
≤ 7 t H 400 200 8 13 3,0 0,75 1,35
H 390 300 10 16 5,5 1,50 1,93
H 488 300 11 18 6,0 1,50 2,00
H 300 300 10 15 4,5 1,00 1,39
H 400 200 8 13 2,5 0,75 1,17
≤ 8 t
H 390 300 10 16 5,0 1,50 1,67
H 488 300 11 18 6,0 1,50 2,00
H 300 300 10 15 3,5 0,75 1,14
H 390 300 10 16 4,5 1,25 1,35
≤ 10 t
H 488 300 11 18 5,5 1,50 1,78
H 588 300 12 20 6,0 1,50 2,00
NOTE 1 It is also acceptable to apply welded plate girder (WPG) which has equivalent or above scantling against sectional
property of beams summarized in this table. For example, if the designer uses same inertia, elastic modulus and flange
thickness of the section reported in this table, it is possible to accept lower beam height.
NOTE 2 The specified sizes and spans in this table are fully conforming with the requirements of resistance of bottom
flanges to wheel loads in EN 1993-6:2007 based on point loads with four wheels and distance from flange edge of 5 mm
to 25 mm depending on SWL. Hoist class for EN code check is considered as “HC2” in accordance with yard practice and
experience.
NOTE 3 Maximum allowable “k” is a factor for linear superimpose stresses effect on flange of monorail beam considering
distance between wheels of trolley for the selection of trolley hoist or flange design of monorail beam. In accordance with
flange check by EN 1993-6:2007, this table provides allowable maximum “k” factor. For maximum allowable “k” factor of
2,0, current monorail beam size in this table can be applied to any type of trolley. For maximum allowable “k” factor of 1,0,
current monorail beam size in this table is not to be applied to any superimpose stresses and it is required to apply special
trolley that is no superimpose stresses due to between wheels of trolley.
NOTE 4 For monorail beam with SWL above 25 t, the structural design using WPG can be performed separately.
NOTE 5 Trolley hoist self-weight for monorail design considered in the load specifications provided in this table is 15 % of
SWL for up to and including 1 t and 10 % of SWL for above 1 t.
NOTE 6 Boundary conditions for the specified sizes of monorail beams are conservatively considered for maximum
bending moment and shear force as simple support for both sides supporting beam and fixed end for cantilever beam.
NOTE 7 Boundary conditions for deflection check are considered for maximizing the deflection as hinged and pined
boundary for simple support and fixed end for cantilever beam as shown in figures in this table.
ISO 24202:2023(E)
TTabablele 2 2 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Monorail size (mm) Maximum span (m)
Maximum
Cantilever
Simple
SWL Type allowable
“k”
H B t t
1 2
H 300 300 10 15 2,5 0,50 1,00
H 390 300 10 16 3,0 0,75 1,00
≤ 15 t H 488 300 11 18 4,0 1,00 1,18
H 588 300 12 20 4,5 1,25 1,51
H 700 300 13 24 6,0 1,50 2,00
H 488 300 11 18 3,0 0,75 1,00
H 588 300 12 20 3,5 1,00 1,12
≤ 20 t
H 700 300 13 24 4,5 1,25 1,68
H 800 300 14 26 5,5 1,50 2,00
H 488 300 11 18 2,5 0,50 1,00
H 588 300 12 20 3,0 0,75 1,00
≤ 25 t
H 700 300 13 24 4,0 1,00 1,31
H 800 300 14 26 4,5 1,00 1,58
NOTE 1 It is also acceptable to apply welded plate girder (WPG) which has equivalent or above scantling against sectional
property of beams summarized in this table. For example, if the designer uses same inertia, elastic modulus and flange
thickness of the section reported in this table, it is possible to accept lower beam height.
NOTE 2 The specified sizes and spans in this table are fully conforming with the requirements of resistance of bottom
flanges to wheel loads in EN 1993-6:2007 based on point loads with four wheels and distance from flange edge of 5 mm
to 25 mm depending on SWL. Hoist class for EN code check is considered as “HC2” in accordance with yard practice and
experience.
NOTE 3 Maximum allowable “k” is a factor for linear superimpose stresses effect on flange of monorail beam considering
distance between wheels of trolley for the selection of trolley hoist or flange design of monorail beam. In accordance with
flange check by EN 1993-6:2007, this table provides allowable maximum “k” factor. For maximum allowable “k” factor of
2,0, current monorail beam size in this table can be applied to any type of trolley. For maximum allowable “k” factor of 1,0,
current monorail beam size in this table is not to be applied to any superimpose stresses and it is required to apply special
trolley that is no superimpose stresses due to between wheels of trolley.
NOTE 4 For monorail beam with SWL above 25 t, the structural design using WPG can be performed separately.
NOTE 5 Trolley hoist self-weight for monorail design considered in the load specifications provided in this table is 15 % of
SWL for up to and including 1 t and 10 % of SWL for above 1 t.
NOTE 6 Boundary conditions for the specified sizes of monorail beams are conservatively considered for maximum
bending moment and shear force as simple support for both sides supporting beam and fixed end for cantilever beam.
NOTE 7 Boundary conditions for deflection check are considered for maximizing the deflection as hinged and pined
boundary for simple support and fixed end for cantilever beam as shown in figures in this table.
4.11 Curved monorail beams
Where the horizontal radius (R) of the monorail beam is larger than twice the distance between the
girder supports (L), the designer may neglect to include the effect of curvature and design the girder
as if it was straight, provided that the monorail beam extends without joints at least one span on either
side of the curved span. A curved monorail beam is shown in Figure 3.
In other cases, the curved monorail shall be analysed as a horizontally curved girder.
ISO 24202:2023(E)
Key
1 continuous curved monorail beam
2 supporting structures
3 load
L span of monorail beam as distance between the girder supports
R horizontal radius of the monorail beam
Figure 3 — Curved monorail beam
4.12 Arrangement for installation of hoists and trolley
Considering installation and removal of hoists and trolleys on monorail beam, the installation
arrangement can be applied. A typical example design of installation arrangement on monorail beams
is shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4 — Example of arrangement for installation of hoists and trolley
4.13 Load test requirements
Each monorail beam shall be subjected to a proof load test as 1,25 times of SWL.
The test load shall be applied in the positions of the monorail beam as shown in Figure 5.
ISO 24202:2023(E)
a) Mid span of the longest span b) Cantilever outer end (larger than 500 mm)
c) End and centre of turns d) Support points as the worst scantling of
support
Key
1 block joint to divide monorail beam
L span of monorail beam
R radius as curved monorail beam
a
Middle of the longest span.
b
End of cantilever.
c
End of radius and centre of radius.
d
Worst scantling support to be selected through supporting points.
Figure 5 — Test positions of monorail beams
5 Requirements and specifications for padeyes
5.1 General
This clause specifies the minimum requirements for the design and testing of padeyes made from steel
plates as per material data sheet in Annex A. This specification applies to padeyes only. This clause does
not apply to supporting structures and lifting appliances operating on the padeyes.
The design shall be based on the loads and load effects, which are described by the manufacturer of the
specific lifting equipment to be suspended by the padeyes.
ISO 24202:2023(E)
5.2 Design loads
The following design loads apply for padeyes:
a) The padeyes safety working load (SWL) shall be designed equal to or larger than the selected
shackle SWL.
b) A design load factor (DLF) shall be taken as per Table 3.
c) In-plane sling angle should be limited within ±45°.
d) Padeyes operating out-of-plane angle are not permitted. Only for design, out-of-plane load for
padeyes is considered as 5 % of design load including DLF. If any out-of-plane angle for padeyes is
applied, out-of-plane load with 5 % design margin shall be considered.
Table 3 — Design load factor depending on SWL
SWL DLF for LRFD DLF for ASD
SWL ≤ 3 t 2,52 1,74
SWL > 5 t 2,18 1,51
NOTE 1 DLF for LRFD is based on DAF and DF.
NOTE 2 DLF for ASD is converted from DLF for LRFD considering safety factor (0,6) and material resistance factor (1,15).
NOTE 3 In the proposed DLF, the dynamic amplification factor (DAF) has been taken as 1,5 for SWL up to and including 3 t
and 1,3 for SWL above 5 t. For SWL between 3 t and 5 t, DAF is to be found by linear interpolation.
NOTE 4 Design factor (DF) is defined as partial load factor multiplied with consequence factor. For design of padeyes, DF
1,68 is considered as single critical elements.
5.3 Fabrication
Fabrication tolerances of the opening size and thickness shall be in accordance with the specification
given by the shackle manufacturer.
5.4 Painting and marking
Padeyes shall be painted yellow and shall be permanently marked with a unique identification and SWL
visible from floor level with a font size to be minimum 25 mm high.
Marking of a 0,5 mm thick PVC plate with double side acrylic foam tape can be applied as shown in
Figure 6.
ISO 24202:2023(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
a
Yellow background colour.
b
Black letter colour.
Figure 6 — Example of PVC plate with double side acrylic foam tape
5.5 Material grade and design temperature
The design class of padeyes shall be considered as DC4 in accordance with the design class approach
of ISO 19902. The failure of padeyes for material handing purpose only will not have substantial
consequences, because these are local structures from overall topside strength aspects. Padeyes are
mainly axial stress pattern without out-of-plane operating.
Allowable thicknesses for each material grade of padeyes shall be determined per Table 4 based on
design temperature. If the design temperature for the unit is lower than −20 °C, the material grades for
padeyes are not covered by this document.
Table 4 — Allowable thickness of padeyes based on design temperature
Design temperature
Steel grade
0 °C −10 °C −20 °C
P355-0 up to 25 mm up to 20 mm up to 15 mm
P355-20 up to 50 mm up to 40 mm up to 30 mm
P355-40 - - up to 60 mm
5.6 Specification of shapes and dimensions
The specified shapes and dimensions of padeyes for each SWL as shown in Figure 7 and Table 5 are
based upon the design load specified in 5.2. The specifications are based on shackle dimensions of the
most common shackle manufacturers, which are described in Annex B as Type A and B.
For padeyes with SWL above 25 t, a proper design shall be performed in accordance with applicable
international standards, e.g. NORSOK R-002.
If other types of padeyes are used, the padeyes shall be designed in accordance with the requirements
of this document for design loads, material grade, testing and inspection.
Detailed specifications of shapes and dimensions of padeyes specified in this document may be referred
to when designing other types of padeyes.
ISO 24202:2023(E)
Partial joint penetration (PJP) welding shall be applied for padeyes up to 35 mm thickness. For 15 mm
thickness and less, fillet welding can be applied.
Lap joint welding can be considered for padeyes less than SWL 1 t.
Complete joint penetration (CJP) welding shall be applied for frequently operated padeyes when the
number of cycles exceeds 20 000 times during an operating life of the unit.
UT cannot be fully applied for CJP welding for the specified shapes and dimensions of padeyes in this
subclause due to insufficient plate height at the edges of the padeyes. To meet UT requirements for
welding inspection, dimension “c” of toe height of padeyes shall be at least 3,5 times to 4,0 times of its
thickness.
The padeyes with cheek plates shall be line bored after welding is completed.
a) Type 1 single padeye b) Type 2 padeye with cheek plates
Key
1 drill hole
2 cheek plate
NOTE See Table 5.
Figure 7 — Configuration of padeye for Type 1 and Type 2
ISO 24202:2023(E)
Table 5 — Detailed specifications of shapes and dimensions of padeyes (Type 1 and 2)
SWL Dimensions of padeyes (mm)
Type
T T D R R H L c b a
(t)
p c b
12,5
1,0 15,5 - 20,0 - 30,0 80,0 14,0 - 8,0
a
(12,0)
2,0 18,0 - 17,5 26,0 - 45,0 110,0 18,0 - PJP
3,25 25,0 - 21,0 30,0 - 50,0 125,0 22,0 - PJP
4,75 1 25,0 - 24,0 35,0 - 60,0 140,0 25,0 - PJP
6,5 30,0 - 27,5 38,0 - 65,0 160,0 30,0 - PJP
31,0
8,5 35,0 - 42,0 - 70,0 180,0 35,0 - PJP
a
(30,0)
9,5 35,0 - 34,0 47,0 - 80,0 200,0 35,0 - PJP
12,0 25,0 8,0 39,0 60,0 52,0 88,0 220,0 25,0 5 PJP
13,5 25,0 10,0 42,0 66,0 56,0 95,0 236,0 25,0 7 PJP
17,0 30,0 10,0 47,0 71,0 61,0 103,0 258,0 30,0 7 PJP
25,0 35,0 12,0 55,0 84,0 72,0 121,0 302,0 35,0 7 PJP
a
Bracket diameter for hole is based on shackle data Type B as shown in Annex B.
b
The above standard hole size and thickness for padeyes are designed based on most common shackle manufacturer
data as shown in Annex B. In case the selected shackle is different respect to what has been reported in Annex B, a proper
design shall be performed in accordance with applicable international standards, e.g. NORSOK R-002.
NOTE Throat thickness of fillet weld or PJP weld. See Figure 8 for detail information.

a) Fillet welding b) Partial joint penetration welding
c) Complete joint penetration welding
ISO 24202:2023(E)
Key
T padeye thickness
p
a throat thickness
f root face, for PJP, 0 to 1/3 T , for CJP, 0 to 2 mm
p
Figure 8 — Detail welding drawing for padeye connection to supporting structures
5.7 Load test requirements
Each padeye shall be subject to a proof load test as 1,25 times of SWL.
The test load shall be applied on the hole of the padeye using a shackle.
The detailed testing and inspection requirements are provided in Clause 6.
6 Testing and inspection
6.1 General
This clause specifies the requirements for testing and inspection of monorail beams and padeyes.
The loads shall be measured by a load cell calibrated by ISO 7500-1 or other recognized standard, such
that the sum of the inaccuracies of the load and load cell do not exceed ±2 %.
All monorail beams and padeyes should be carried out 100 % of load testing using proof test loads as
1,25 times of SWL.
Minimum load test duration is at least 5 min after the load reading has stabilized.
The quality control plan for the structural load test of monorail beams and padeyes is denoted in
Annex C for checklist and examples of test sheet.
For reference, detailed test methods are descripted in Annex D.
6.2 Sampling test
Sampling test through design verification instead of 100 % load testing can be applied.
6.3 Sampling test for monorail beams
For series of identical monorail beams, the number of tests by sampling test can be selected in
accordance with Table 6.
Table 6 — Sample selection for proof load testing of monorail beams
Number in series Number to be tested
1 to 3 All
4 to 6 3
7 to 10 4
11 to 15 5
16 to 25 6
26 to 40 8
> 40 To be discussed
ISO 24202:2023(E)
Regarding definition of series, the following parameters should be considered:
a) same monorail beam size;
b) same or less SWL;
c) same or similar support conditions for monorail beam.
6.4 Sampling test for padeyes
Considering total number of padeyes on each project and design margin for padeyes, the number of
tests by sampling test for series of identical padeyes can be selected in accordance with Table 7.
Table 7 — Sample selection for proof load testing of padeyes
SWL Design verification
...