SIST EN 12699:2015

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Ausführung spezieller geotechnischer Arbeiten (Spezialtiefbau) - VerdrängungspfähleExécution des travaux géotechniques spéciaux - Pieux avec refoulement de solExecution of special geotechnical work - Displacement piles93.020Zemeljska dela. Izkopavanja. Gradnja temeljev. Dela pod zemljoEarthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground worksICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12699:2015SIST EN 12699:2015en,fr,de01-julij-2015SIST EN 12699:2015SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12699:20021DGRPHãþD



SIST EN 12699:2015



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12699
April 2015 ICS 93.020 Supersedes EN 12699:2000English Version
Execution of special geotechnical works - Displacement piles
Exécution des travaux géotechniques spéciaux - Pieux avec refoulement du sol
Ausführung von Arbeiten im Spezialtiefbau - Verdrängungspfähle This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 March 2015.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12699:2015 ESIST EN 12699:2015



EN 12699:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .4 1 Scope .5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions .7 4 Information needed for the execution of the work . 16 4.1 General . 16 4.2 Special features . 17 5 Geotechnical investigation . 18 5.1 General . 18 5.2 Specific requirements . 18 6 Materials and products . 19 6.1 General . 19 6.2 Prefabricated displacement piles. 19 6.2.1 Concrete piles . 19 6.2.2 Steel piles . 19 6.2.3 Cast iron piles . 20 6.2.4 Timber piles . 20 6.3 Cast in situ displacement piles . 20 6.3.1 Mortar and concrete . 20 6.3.2 Grout . 22 6.3.3 Reinforcement . 22 6.4 Coatings and corrosion protection compounds . 23 7 Considerations related to design . 23 7.1 General . 23 7.2 Geometrical construction tolerances . 23 7.3 Sequence of installation . 23 7.4 Protection of piles. 24 7.5 Needs for driving assistance . 24 7.6 Design for impact driving of prefabricated piles . 24 7.6.1 General . 24 7.6.2 Prefabricated concrete piles . 25 7.6.3 Steel piles . 25 7.6.4 Timber piles . 25 7.7 Specific design related considerations . 26 7.7.1 General . 26 7.7.2 Reinforcement of cast in situ piles . 26 7.7.3 Pile shoe . 28 7.7.4 Pile joint . 28 7.7.5 Pile enlargement . 28 7.7.6 Spacing of piles . 28 7.7.7 Combined piles . 29 7.7.8 Screw piles . 29 8 Execution . 29 8.1 General . 29 8.2 Construction tolerances . 29 8.3 Site preparation . 30 8.4 Sequence of installation . 30 SIST EN 12699:2015



EN 12699:2015 (E) 3 8.5 Equipment and Methods . 30 8.5.1 General . 30 8.5.2 Impact hammer . 30 8.5.3 Vibrating hammer . 30 8.5.4 Equipment for screw piles . 31 8.5.5 Equipment for jacked piles . 31 8.5.6 Auxiliary equipment . 31 8.5.7 Drive tube . 31 8.6 Prefabricated piles . 31 8.6.1 General . 31 8.6.2 Prefabricated concrete piles . 31 8.6.3 Steel piles . 32 8.6.4 Timber piles . 33 8.6.5 Combined piles . 33 8.7 Cast in situ piles . 33 8.7.1 General . 33 8.7.2 Temporary cased piles . 34 8.7.3 Permanently cased piles. 36 8.8 Grouted piles . 36 8.8.1 Grouting during driving . 36 8.8.2 Grouting after driving . 37 8.9 Trimming of concrete piles. 37 8.10 Driving assistance methods . 37 8.11 Ground movement limiting methods . 38 8.12 Cast in situ base enlargements . 38 9 Supervision, monitoring and testing . 38 9.1 Supervision . 38 9.2 Monitoring of pile construction . 39 9.3 Pile testing . 40 9.3.1 General . 40 9.3.2 Pile load tests . 41 9.3.3 Integrity tests . 41 10 Records . 41 11 Special requirements . 44 Annex A (informative)
Classification and examples . 46 Annex B (informative)
Guidance on minimum cover (in mm) for bearing element of low strength steel for cast in situ displacement piles . 61 Annex C (informative)
Degree of obligation of the provisions . 62 Bibliography . 69
SIST EN 12699:2015



EN 12699:2015 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 12699:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 288 “Execution of special geotechnical works”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12699:2000. The technical changes in comparison to EN 12699:2000 are: — driven piles independent of dimension are included; — sections describing concrete and testing have been minimised. The document has been prepared to stand alongside EN 1997 (all parts), Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design. Clause 7 covers design aspects of piles. Annex A and Annex B are informative. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 12699:2015



EN 12699:2015 (E) 5 1 Scope 1.1 This European Standard establishes general principles for the execution of displacement piles, that means piles which are installed in the ground without excavation or removal of material from the ground except for limiting heave and/or limiting vibration as well as removal of obstructions or to assist penetration. Piles are driven into the ground using impact, vibration, pressing, screwing or a combination of these methods. 1.2 The material of displacement piles covered by this European Standard can be: — steel; — cast iron; — concrete, mortar; — timber; — grout; — combination of above. 1.3 This European Standard covers prefabricated, cast in situ, or a combination of these methods to form displacement piles of regular shape. Examples are given in Figure A.2 and Figure A.3. 1.4 Displacement piles may be installed in soils enhanced by ground improvement techniques. The ground improvement can be executed before, at the same time or after installation of the piles. 1.5 Other than practical considerations there are for the purpose of this European Standard no limitations regarding cross section dimensions, shaft or base enlargements, length or rake. 1.6 The provisions of this European Standard apply to: — single piles; — pile groups; — concrete sheet piles. 1.7 Columns constructed by ground improvement techniques (such as mixed in situ columns, jet grouting, compaction grouting, vibro flotation, stone columns) are not covered by this European Standard. Bored piles are covered in EN 1536. Steel and timber sheet pile walls are covered in EN 12063. Micropiles are covered in EN 14199. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 206:2013, Concrete - Specification, performance, production and conformity SIST EN 12699:2015



EN 12699:2015 (E) 6 EN 1090-2, Execution of ststructures EN 1990, Eurocode - Basis of structural design EN 1991 (all parts), Eurocode 1: Actions on structures EN 1992 (all parts), burocode lt aesign of concrete structures EN 1993 (all parts), burocode mt aesign of steel structures EN 1994 (all parts), burocode nt aesign of composite steel and concrete structures EN 1995 (all parts), burocode 5t aesign of timber structures EN 1996 (all parts), ry structures EN 1997-1, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design - mart kt deneral rules EN 1997-2, Eurocode 7 - Geotechnical design - mart lt dround investigation and testing EN 1998 (all parts),
EN 1999 (all parts),
EN 10025 (all parts), Hot-rolled products of non-alloy structural steels
EN 10080, Steel for the reinforcement of concrete - teldable reinforcing steel - General EN 10083-1, pteels for quenching and tempering - mart kt deneral technical delivery conditions EN 10083-2, pteels for quenching and tempering - mart lt qechnical delivery conditions for non alloy steels EN 10083-3, pteels for quenching and tempering - mart mt qechnical delivery conditions for alloy steels EN 10210 (all parts), Hot finished structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain structural steels EN 10219 (all parts), Cold formed welded structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels EN 10248 (all parts), Hot rolled sheet piling of non alloy steels EN 10249 (all parts) Cold formed sheet piling of non alloy steels EN 12794,
EN 13670, Execution of concrete structures EN 16228 (all parts), arilling and foundation equipment
EN ISO 2560, telding consumables - Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels - Classification bfpl l5pjc EN ISO 4063, Welding and allied processes - komenclature of processes and reference numbers bfpl njpmc EN ISO 5817, Welding - cusion-welded joints in steelf nickelf titanium and their alloys bbeam welding excludedc - nuality levels for imperfections bfpl 58kqc SIST EN 12699:2015



EN 12699:2015 (E) 7 EN ISO 9606-1, Qualification testing of welders - cusion welding - mart kt pteels bfpl 9pjp-kc EN ISO 9692-1, Welding and allied processes - qypes of joint preparation - mart kt janual metal arc weldingf gas-shielded metal arc weldingf gas weldingf qfd welding and beam welding of steels bfpl 9p9l-kc EN ISO 9692-2, Welding and allied processes - Joint preparation - mart lt pubmerged arc welding of steels bfpl 9p9l-lc EN ISO 11960, metroleum and natural gas industries - pteel pipes for use as casing or tubing for wells bfpl kk9pjc EN ISO 14341, telding consumables - Wire electrodes and weld deposits for gas shielded metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels - Classification bfpl knmnkc EN ISO 17660-1, Welding - Welding of reinforcing steel - mart kt ioad-bearing welded joints bfpl kqppj-kc EN ISO 18276, telding consumables - qubular cored electrodes for gas-shielded and non-gas-shielded metal arc welding of high-strength steels - Classification bfpl k8lqpc prEN ISO 22477-1:2006, mart kt mile load test by static axially loaded compression bfpliafp llnqq-ktljj5c prEN ISO 22477-10:2014, mart kjt qesting of pilest rapid load testing bfpliafp llnqq-kjtljknc 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 displacement pile fr: pieu avec refoulement du sol de: Verdrängungspfahl pile which is installed in the ground without excavation or removal of material from the ground except for limiting heave and/or limiting vibration as well as removal of obstructions or to assist penetration 3.2 prefabricated pile fr: pieu préfabriqué de: Fertigpfahl pile or pile element which is manufactured in a single unit or in pile segments before installation 3.3 cast in situ displacement pile fr: pieu exécuté en place de: Ortbetonverdrängungspfahl pile installed by driving a closed ended concrete shell or permanent or temporary casing, and filling the hole so formed with plain or reinforced concrete, grout or mortar 3.4 combined pile fr: pieu mixte de: zusammengesetzter Pfahl pile made up of two or more types or sizes of piles joined together Note 1 to entry: The connection between the components is designed to transmit axial load and bending and to prevent separation during and after construction. See Figure A.8. SIST EN 12699:2015



EN 12699:2015 (E) 8 3.5 screw pile fr: pieu vissé de: Schraubpfahl pile in which the pile or pile tube comprises a limited number of helices at its base and which is installed under the combined action of a torque and a vertical thrust Note 1 to entry: By the screwing-in and/or by the screwing-out, the ground is essentially laterally displaced and virtually no soil is removed. See Figure A.10. 3.6 jacked pile fr: pieu vériné de: eingepresster Pfahl pile pressed into soil by means of static force 3.7 grouted pile fr: pieu injecté de: verpresster Pfahl pile fitted with an enlarged shoe to create along a part or the full length of the pile a space which is filled or grouted during driving with grout, mortar or a mixture of grout and soil Note 1 to entry: See Figure A.11. 3.8 post grouted pile fr : pieu post-injecté de: nachverpresster Pfahl pile where shaft and/or base grouting is performed after installation through pipes fixed along or incorporated in the pile Note 1 to entry: See Figure A.12. 3.9 casing fr: tubage de: Verrohrung steel tube used temporarily or permanently Note 1 to entry: The temporary casing supports the soil surrounding the wall of the pile shaft during construction and is withdrawn on completion of concreting or grouting. In permanent situation the casing can act as a protective or load bearing unit. 3.10 drive tube fr: tube de fonçage de: Vortreibrohr closed ended steel tube used to displace the ground during the formation of a driven cast in situ pile Note 1 to entry: Drive tube is withdrawn during or after casting. SIST EN 12699:2015



EN 12699:2015 (E) 9 3.11 liner, lining fr: gaine, chemise de: Hülse tube, generally of thin steel plate, forming part of the shaft of a pile Note 1 to entry: For example, they can be used for the protection of pile shafts in soft or aggressive grounds or to reduce negative skin friction. 3.12 pile joint fr: raccord de: Pfahlkupplung means of joining lengths of pile elements either by welding or by mechanical or other jointing systems Note 1 to entry: For examples, see Figure A.7, Figure A.8 and Figure A.9. 3.13 pile shoe fr: sabot de: Pfahlschuh shoe or point fitted to the base of a pile or drive tube to form the toe Note 1 to entry: For examples, see Figure A.4. 3.14 wings fr: ailes de: Flügel shaft enlargements to steel piles formed by welding steel sections to the pile Note 1 to entry: See example in Figure A.2j. 3.15 leader fr: mât de: Mäkler steel sections used for guiding driving equipment and/or pile during driving Note 1 to entry: See Figure A.6. 3.16 impact hammer fr: mouton, marteau de: Rammbär tool of construction equipment for driving or extracting piles or drive tubes by impact (striking or falling mass) 3.17 vibrator (vibrating hammer) fr: vibrateur de: Vibrationsbär tool of construction equipment for driving or extracting piles, drive tubes or casing by the application of vibratory forces SIST EN 12699:2015



EN 12699:2015 (E) 10 3.18 helmet fr: casque de: Schlaghaube device, usually steel, placed between the base of the impact hammer and the pile or drive tube so as to uniformly distribute the hammer impact to the top of the pile Note 1 to entry: See Figure A.6. 3.19 hammer cushion fr: martyr du marteau de: Haubenfutter device or material placed between the impact hammer and the helmet to protect the hammer and the pile head from destructive direct impact Note 1 to entry: The hammer cushion material shall have enough stiffness to transmit hammer energy efficiently into the pile. See Figure A.6. 3.20 pile cushion fr: martyr du casque de: Pfahlfutter material, commonly softwood, placed between the helmet and the top of a precast concrete pile Note 1 to entry: See Figure A.6. 3.21 follower fr: faux-pieu de: Rammjungfer temporary extension, used during driving, that permits the driving of the pile top below ground surface, water surface, or below the lowest point to which the driving equipment can reach without disengagement from the leaders 3.22 mandrel fr: mandrin de: Dorn steel core for driving that is inserted into a closed-end tubular pile Note 1 to entry: After installation the mandrel is withdrawn. 3.23 driving fr: fonçage de: Einbringen method used to install the piles or drive tubes or casings into the ground, such as hammering, vibrating, pressing, screwing or by a combination of these methods 3.24 driven pile fr: pieu foncé de: Rammpfahl pile which is forced into the soil by driving, the soil being displaced by the pile or drive tube SIST EN 12699:2015



EN 12699:2015 (E) 11 3.25 driving assistance fr: aide au fonçage de: Einbringhilfe method used to assist a pile to penetrate the ground 3.26 coring fr: carottage de: Kernbohren removal of soil by core sampler (e.g. to mitigate the effects of heave by pile driving) Note 1 to entry: Removal can also be done by preboring, see 3.28. 3.27 jetting fr: lançage de: Spülen use of pressurized water to facilitate the driving of a pile by means of hydraulic displacement of parts of the soil 3.28 preboring (pre-augering, pre-drilling) fr: préforage de: Vorbohren boring through obstructions or materials too dense to penetrate with the planned pile type and driving equipment to avoid deviation and/or facilitate driving Note 1 to entry: Removal can also be done by coring, see 3.26. 3.29 grouting fr: injection de: Verpressen pumping of grout or mortar with a pressure which is higher than the hydrostatic pressure 3.30 restrike fr: surbattage de: Nachrammen additional series of hammer blows used to drive the prefabricated pile or casing to verify the driving criteria and/or bearing capacity 3.31 redrive fr: refonçage de: Ausrammen method used to form an enlarged shaft or base on a temporarily cased driven cast in situ pile 3.32 probe pile fr: pieu initial de: Anfangspfahl first working pile on construction site SIST EN 12699:2015



EN 12699:2015 (E) 12 3.33 test pile fr: pieu d'essai de: Probepfahl (zur Ermittlung der Tragfähigkeit) pile to which a load is applied to determine the resistance deformation characteristics of the pile and surrounding ground 3.34 trial pile fr: pieu de faisabilité de: Probepfahl (zum Herstellungsversuch) pile installed to assess the practicability and suitability of the construction method for a particular application Note 1 to entry: A trial pile can also be used as a test pile. 3.35 preliminary pile fr: pieu préliminaire de: Vo
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