ISO/IEC 18000-63:2021

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 18000-63
Third edition
2021-11
Information technology — Radio
frequency identification for item
management —
Part 63:
Parameters for air interface
communications at 860 MHz to 960
MHz Type C
Technologies de l'information — Identification par radiofréquence
(RFID) pour la gestion d'objets —
Partie 63: Paramètres de communications d'une interface radio entre
860 MHz et 960 MHz, Type C
Reference number
ISO/IEC 18000-63:2021(E)
© ISO/IEC 2021

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ISO/IEC 18000-63:2021(E)
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© ISO/IEC 2021
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ISO/IEC 18000-63:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols, abbreviated terms and notation . 5
4.1 Symbols . 5
4.2 Abbreviated terms . 7
4.3 Notation . 8
5 Conformance . 9
5.1 Claiming conformance . 9
5.2 General conformance requirements . 9
5.2.1 Interrogators . 9
5.2.2 Tags. 10
5.3 Command structure and extensibility . 10
5.3.1 General . 10
5.3.2 Mandatory commands . 10
5.3.3 Optional commands . . 10
5.3.4 Proprietary commands . 10
5.3.5 Custom commands . 10
5.4 Reserved for Future Use (RFU) . 11
5.5 Cryptographic Suite Indicators . 11
6 Protocol requirements .11
6.1 Protocol overview . 11
6.1.1 Physical layer . 11
6.1.2 Tag-identification layer . . 11
6.2 Protocol parameters . 12
6.2.1 Signaling — Physical and media access control parameters .12
6.2.2 Logical — Operating procedure parameters . 15
6.3 Description of operating procedure . 15
6.3.1 Physical interface . 16
6.3.2 Logical interface . 37
7 Battery Assisted Passive (BAP) Interrogator Talks First systems (optional) . 112
7.1 Applicability .112
7.2 General overview, definitions, and requirements of BAP .113
7.3 BAP inventoried flag and state machine behaviour modifications . 114
7.3.1 Modification to ready state and power-down support for BAP Tags . 114
7.3.2 Signal loss tolerance via timer (mandatory) .115
7.3.3 Modified persistence of BAP PIE inventory flags (optional) . 117
7.4 BAP PIE (optional) . 119
7.4.1 Flex_Query command (optional) . 119
7.4.2 BAP PIE detailed operation including optional Battery Saver Mode .121
7.5 Manchester mode Battery Assisted operation protocol extensions.126
7.5.1 General .126
7.5.2 Physical layer .127
7.5.3 Manchester activation .133
7.5.4 Commands summary .148
8 Sensor support (optional) . 163
8.1 Applicability .163
8.2 Overview .163
8.3 Real Time Clock (RTC) .164
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ISO/IEC 18000-63:2021(E)
8.3.1 General .164
8.3.2 Setting the RTC .164
8.3.3 BroadcastSync command (optional) .165
8.3.4 Time synchronisation .165
8.4 HandleSensor command (optional) .166
8.5 Simple Sensors . 167
8.5.1 Simple Sensor implementation . 167
8.6 Full Function Sensors and Sensor Directory System .169
8.6.1 General .169
8.6.2 Sensor Access — General approach. 170
8.7 Snapshot Sensors . 176
8.7.1 General . 176
8.7.2 Initiating Snapshot Sensor measurements .179
8.7.3 Reporting Snapshot Sensor Information .180
Annex A (normative) Extensible bit vectors (EBV) . 182
Annex B (normative) State-transition tables. 183
Annex C (normative) Command-response tables .240
Annex D (informative) Example slot-count (Q) selection algorithm . 267
Annex E (informative) Example Tag inventory and access .268
Annex F (informative) Calculation of 5-bit and 16-bit cyclic redundancy checks . 269
Annex G (normative) Multiple- and dense-Interrogator channelized signaling . 271
Annex H (informative) Interrogator-to-Tag link modulation .274
Annex I (normative) Error codes .276
Annex J (normative) Slot counter . 278
Annex K (informative) Example data-flow exchange. 279
Annex L (informative) Optional Tag features . 282
Annex M (informative) Cryptographic-Suite checklist . 285
Annex N (informative) Battery Assisted Tag to Interrogator synchronization.286
Annex O (normative) Simple Sensors Data Block.289
Annex P (normative) Record structures and commands for Ported Simple Sensors .300
Annex Q (informative) Battery Assisted Passive (BAP) PIE and Manchester mode tutorial
guide .316
Annex R (informative) Manchester mode RF power control . 327
Bibliography . 332
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ISO/IEC 18000-63:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance
are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria
needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in
accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives or
www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents) or the IEC
list of patent declarations received (see patents.iec.ch).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. In the IEC, see www.iec.ch/understanding-standards.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO/IEC 18000-63:2015), which has been
technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— incorporation of the Technical Corrigendum;
— incorporation of a new sensor class for snapshot sensors.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 18000 series can be found on the ISO and IEC websites.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards
body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html and
www.iec.ch/national-committees.
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ISO/IEC 18000-63:2021(E)
Introduction
This document defines the physical and logical requirements for a passive-backscatter, Interrogator-
talks-first (ITF), radio-frequency identification (RFID) system operating in the 860 MHz to 960 MHz
frequency range. The system comprises Interrogators, also known as Readers, and Tags, also known as
Labels or Transponders.
An Interrogator transmits information to a Tag by modulating an RF signal in the 860 MHz to 960 MHz
frequency range. The Tag receives both information and operating energy from this RF signal. Tags are
passive, meaning that they receive all of their operating energy from the Interrogator’s RF signal.
An Interrogator receives information from a Tag by transmitting a continuous-wave (CW) RF signal to
the Tag; the Tag responds by modulating the reflection coefficient of its antenna, thereby backscattering
an information signal to the Interrogator. The system is ITF, meaning that a Tag modulates its antenna
reflection coefficient with an information signal only after being directed to do so by an Interrogator.
Interrogators and Tags are not required to talk simultaneously; rather, communications are half-duplex,
i.e. Interrogators talk and Tags listen, or vice versa.
The described backscatter radio frequency identification (RFID) system that supports the following
system capabilities:
— identification and communication with multiple tags in the field;
— selection of a subgroup of tags for identification or with which to communicate;
— reading from and writing to or rewriting data many times to individual tags;
— user-controlled permanently lockable memory;
— data integrity protection;
— Interrogator-to-tag communications link with error detection;
— tag-to-Interrogator communications link with error detection;
— support for both passive back-scatter tags with or without batteries.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) draw attention to the fact that it is claimed that compliance with this document may
involve the use of a patent.
ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of this patent right.
The holder of this patent right has assured ISO and IEC that he/she is willing to negotiate licences under
reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the world. In this
respect, the statement of the holder of this patent right is registered with ISO and IEC. Information may
be obtained from the patent database available at www.iso.org/patents.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights other than those in the patent database. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for
identifying any or all such patent rights.Information on the declared patents may be obtained from:
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ISO/IEC 18000-63:2021(E)
Contact details
Patent Holder:
Legal Name Atmel Automotive GmbH
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Leo Merken, Legal Department, ATMEL Corporation
Address 2325 Orchard Parkway
Address San Jose, CA 95131 USA
Tel. +1 408 436 4251
Fax +1 408 487 2615
E-mail leo.merken@atmel.com
URL (optional)
Patent Holder:
Legal Name CISC Semiconductor Design+Consulting GmbH
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Markus Pistauer, CEO
Address L a keside B07
Address 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria
Tel. +43(463) 508 808
Fax +43(463) 508 808-18
E-mail m.pistauer@cisc.at
URL (optional) www.cisc.at
Patent holder:
ETRI (Electronics Telecommunication Reseach Institute)
Contact for license application:
Name & Department: Min-Sheo Choi, Intellectual Property Management Team
Address: 138 Gajeongno, Yuseong-gu
Address: Daejeon, 305-700, Korea
Tel. +82-42-860-0756
Fax +82-42-860-3831
E-mail choims@etri.re.kr
URL (optional) www.etri.re.kr
Patent Holder:
Legal Name Impinj, Inc.
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Chris Diorio, CTO
Address 701 N. 34th Street, Suite 300
Address Seattle, WA 98103, USA
Tel. +1 206 834 1115
Fax +1 206 517.5262
E-mail diorio@impinj.com
URL (optional) www.impinj.com
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ISO/IEC 18000-63:2021(E)
Contact details
Patent Holder:
Legal Name: Magellan Technology Pty. Limited
Contact for license application:
Name & Department: Ms Jean Angus
Address: 65 Johnston St
Address: Annandale, NSW 2038, Australia
Tel. +61 2 9562 9800
Fax +61 2 9518 7620
E-mail: license@magellan-technology.com
URL (optional):
Patent Holder:
Legal Name NXP B.V.
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Aaron Waxler – IP Licensing & Claims
Address 411 East Plumeria,
Address San Jose, CA 95134-1924, USA
Tel. +1 914 860-4296
Fax
E-mail Aaron.Waxler@nxp.com
URL (optional)
Patent Holder:
Legal Name SATO VICINITY Pty. Limited
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Mr. Hiromasa Konishi, Managing Director
Address 8 Guihen Street, Annandale, NSW 2038, Australia
Address
Tel. +61 295 629 800
Fax +61 295 187 620
E-mail hiromasa.konishi@sato-glo bal . com
URL (optional) www.satovicinity.com
Patent Holder:
Legal Name TAGSYS SAS
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Mr. Alain Fanet President
Address 785 Voie Antiope, TI Athélia 3
Address F-13600 La Ciotat
Tel. +33 332188900
Fax +33 332188900
E-mail alain.fanet@tagsysrfid.com
URL (optional) www.mojix.com
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ISO/IEC 18000-63:2021(E)
Contact details
Patent Holder:
Legal Name University of Pittsburgh - Of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Marc S. Malandro, PhD, CLP, RTIP
Address University of Pittsburgh, 200 Gardner Steel Conference Center
Address Thackeray & O'Hara Streets, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
Tel. 412-624-8787
Fax 412-648-2259
E-mail mmalandro@innovation.pitt.edu
URL (optional)
Patent Holder:
Legal Name Zebra Technologies Corporation
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Glenn Frankenberger, Sr. IP Counsel, Legal Department
Address One Motorola Plaza
Address Holtsville, NY 11742
Tel. 631-738-5570
Fax 631-738-4110
E-mail glenn.frankenberger@zebra.com
URL (optional)
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights other than those identified above. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying
any or all such patent rights.
The latest information on IP that may be applicable to this document can be found at www.iso.org/patents
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 18000-63:2021(E)
Information technology — Radio frequency identification
for item management —
Part 63:
Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz
to 960 MHz Type C
1 Scope
This document defines the air interface for radio frequency identification (RFID) devices operating
in the 860 MHz to 960 MHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band used in item management
applications. It provides a common technical specification for RFID devices that can be used to develop
RFID application standards. This document is intended to allow for compatibility and to encourage
inter-operability of products for the growing RFID market in the international marketplace.
It defines the forward and return link parameters for technical attributes including, but not limited
to, operating frequency, operating channel accuracy, occupied channel bandwidth, maximum effective
isotropic radiated power (EIRP), spurious emissions, modulation, duty cycle, data coding, bit rate, bit
rate accuracy, bit transmission order, and, where appropriate, operating channels, frequency hop rate,
hop sequence, spreading sequence, and chip rate. It further defines the communications protocol used
in the air interface.
This document specifies the physical and logical requirements for a passive-backscatter, Interrogator-
Talks-First (ITF) systems. The system comprises Interrogators, also known as readers, and tags, also
known as labels. An Interrogator receives information from a tag by transmitting a continuous-wave
(CW) RF signal to the tag; the tag responds by modulating the reflection coefficient of its antenna,
thereby backscattering an information signal to the Interrogator. The system is ITF, i.e. a tag modulates
its antenna reflection coefficient with an information signal only after being directed to do so by an
Interrogator.
This document specifies
— physical interactions (the signalling layer of the communication link) between Interrogators and
tags;
— logical operating procedures and commands between Interrogators and Tags;
— the collision arbitration scheme used to identify a specific tag in a multiple-tag environment;
— optional security commands that allow the use of crypto suites of ISO/IEC 29167.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 15961 (all parts), Information technology — Data protocol for radio frequency identification
(RFID) for item management
ISO/IEC 15962, Information technology — Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management —
Data protocol: data encoding rules and logical memory functions
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ISO/IEC 18000-63:2021(E)
ISO/IEC 15963-1, Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management —
Part 1: Unique identification for RF tags numbering systems
ISO/IEC 18000-61, Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management —
Part 61: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz Type A
ISO/IEC 18000-62, Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management —
Part 62: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz Type B
ISO/IEC 18000-64, Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management —
Part 64: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz Type D
ISO/IEC 19762, Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques —
Harmonized vocabulary
EPC Tag Data Standard available at https:// www .gs1 .org/ standards/ epc -rfid/ tds
3
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