ISO 18063-1:2016

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18063-1
First edition
2016-11-01
Corrected version
2017-02
Rough-terrain trucks — Visibility test
methods and their verification —
Part 1:
Variable-reach trucks
Chariots tout-terrain — Méthodes d’essai de la visibilité et leur
vérification —
Partie 1: Chariots à portée variable
Reference number
©
ISO 2016
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
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ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test apparatus . 5
4.1 Light source apparatus . 5
4.2 Vertical test object . 5
4.3 Observation mirror . 5
5 Truck test configuration . 5
5.1 Equipment of the truck . 5
5.2 Openings . 6
5.3 Position of the truck and load handling attachment . 6
6 Measurement procedure . 6
6.1 Test-surface marking and truck location on the test surface . 6
6.2 Positioning of the test apparatus . 7
6.3 Measurements of the maskings . 8
6.3.1 General. 8
6.3.2 Measurement at the visibility test circle . 8
6.3.3 Measurement at the rectangular 1 m boundary . 9
6.4 Requirements for derivative trucks .10
7 Evaluation method and performance criteria .10
7.1 Visibility performance criteria on the visibility test circle .10
7.2 Visibility performance criteria for the rectangular 1 m boundary .10
7.3 Visibility maskings that exceed the visibility performance criteria with direct view .10
8 Calculation method and computer simulation .10
9 Test report .10
9.1 Truck details .10
9.2 Drawing .11
10 Information for use .11
Annex A (informative) Light source spacing dimensions.13
Annex B (informative) Performance criteria for additional devices .14
Annex C (informative) Procedure for the determination of maskings at the visibility test
circle or the rectangular 1 m boundary.15
Annex D (informative) Examples of drawings for the test report .16
Bibliography .17
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www . i so .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 110, Industrial trucks, Subcommittee SC
4, Rough-terrain trucks.
This corrected version of ISO 18063-1:2016 incorporates the following corrections:
— the illustration of a load has been removed from Figure 3;
— the second and third title elements have been combined into a single element, Visibility test methods
and their verification;
— the listing of normative reference ISO 5053-1 has been transferred from the Bibliography to Clause 2.
— hyperlinked references to terminological databases have been added in Clause 3.
A list of all parts in the ISO 18063 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events
are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or -B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the
other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this
type-C standard.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18063-1:2016(E)
Rough-terrain trucks — Visibility test methods and their
verification —
Part 1:
Variable-reach trucks
1 Scope
This document applies to rough-terrain variable-reach trucks (hereinafter referred to as ‘trucks’) that
have a specific seated operator’s position on the left-hand side of the boom or centre position (excluding
operator position on the right side of the boom).
This document specifies a static test method for determining and evaluating the operator’s visibility
on a rectangular 1 m boundary around the rough-terrain variable-reach truck and on a 12 m radius
visibility test circle. Performance requirements for visibility are specified in this document.
This document does not apply to
— trucks designed to handle freight containers (reach stackers),
— articulated telescopic wheel loaders,
— slewing trucks, or
— lorry mounted trucks.
NOTE The method used does not capture all of the aspects of the operator’s visibility, but provides
information to assist in determining the acceptability of visibility from the truck.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 5053-1, Industrial trucks — Terminology and classification — Part 1: Types of industrial trucks
ISO 5353, Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Seat
index point
ISO 12100, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 10896-1, ISO 5053-1 and
ISO 12100 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
3.1
test surface
area of compacted earth or firm surface that forms the ground reference plane for the visibility
measurements, with a gradient of (0 ± 2) %
3.2
light source position centre point
LSPCP
mid-point of the line between light sources, at 65 mm, 205 mm or 405 mm light source spacing, located
680 mm above and 20 mm in front of the seat index point (SIP)
Note 1 to entry: The seat index point is defined in ISO 5353, 3.1.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 1.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
LB light bar
LS light source spacing (see Annex A)
SIP seat index point
S seat
LSPCP light source position centre point
Figure 1 — Light source apparatus
3.3
test truck boundary
TTB
smallest rectangular boundary that can be placed around the vertical projection of the truck
Note 1 to entry: Truck dimensions do not include equipment such as working lights, mirrors, etc.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 4.
3.4 Visibility-test locations
3.4.1
visibility test circle
VTC
circle with 12 m radius located on the ground reference plane with its centre vertically below the light
source position centre point (3.2), which is divided into six sectors of vision
Note 1 to entry: For the six sectors of vision, see 3.4.3 to 3.4.6.
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

Note 2 to entry: See Figure 2.
3.4.2
rectangular 1 m boundary
RB
line on the ground reference plane located at 1 m distance from the outside test truck boundary (3.3)
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3 and Figure 4.
3.4.3
sector of vision A
segment of the visibility test circle (3.4.1) to the front of the truck, defined by a 9,5 m chord length for
the 12 m radius that is perpendicular to the longitudinal plane passing through the light source position
centre point (3.2) with the chord length bisected by the longitudinal plane
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.
3.4.4
sectors of vision B and C
segments of the visibility test circle (3.4.1) to the front of the truck outside sector of vision A (3.4.3) and
bounded by the transverse plane through the light source position centre point (3.2)
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.
3.4.5
sectors of vision D and E
segments of the visibility test circle (3.4.1) to the rear defined by an angle of 45° to both the right and left
sides of the longitudinal plane passing through the light source position centre point (3.2)
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.
3.4.6
sector of vision F
segment of the visibility test circle (3.4.1) to the rear between sectors of vision D and E (3.4.5)
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.
Key
VTC visibility test circle
LSPCP light source position centre point
RB rectangular 1 m boundary
TTB test truck boundary
X perpendicular to forward direction of the truck
Y forward direction of the truck
A, B, C, D, E, F sectors of vision
Figure 2 — Visibility test boundary
3.5
masking
shadow on the 12 m visibility test circle (3.4.1) or on the rectangular 1 m boundary (3.4.2) created
because parts of the base truck and/or its equipment block the light rays from the light sources
3.6
light source apparatus
test unit with at least two light sources that have adjustable light spacing, 360° rotatable, with its
rotation point at the light source position centre point (3.2) to simulate the range of eye positions for an
operator
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.7
light source spacing
distance between the vertical centre axis of the considered light sources
3.8
light bar
rigid support on which the light sources are fixed and aligned
4 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

3.9
visibility performance criteria
criteria intended to minimize risk to persons in the vicinity of the truck during truck operation
Note 1 to entry: These visibility performance criteria are specified as maximum allowed maskings (3.5) at the
12 m visibility test circle (3.4.1) or at the rectangular 1 m boundary (3.4.2).
3.10 Direct and indirect visibility
3.10.1
direct visibility
visibility by direct line of sight as determined by the light from the light source
3.10.2
indirect visibility
visibility with the aid of mirrors or other visual aids, such as closed circuit TV (CCTV)
Note 1 to entry: For more information, see Annex B.
3.11
derivative truck
truck modified or fitted with equipment and/or attachments which can affect visibility
3.12
vertical test object
object used to evaluate the maskings (3.5) on the rectangular 1 m boundary (3.4.2), considered to be
two-dimensional, without depth
4 Test apparatus
4.1 Light source apparatus
The light source apparatus is capable of positioning a light bar horizontally with two light sources
(halogen light bulbs, laser, LEDs or equivalent). Each light source shall be horizontally movable on the
light bar from 32,5 mm up to 202,5 mm on each side of the light source position centre point. It shall
be possible to rotate the light bar through 360° around the light source position centre point. The light
source position centre point shall be located 680 mm above and 20 mm in front of the seat index point
(SIP) as described in ISO 5353. See Figure 1.
4.2 Vertical test object
The vertical test object shall be 1,5 m high, 100 mm wide and be maintained substantially perpendicular
to the tes
...