ISO 22217:2020

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22217
First edition
2020-07
Traditional Chinese medicine —
Storage requirements for raw
materials and decoction pieces
Médecine traditionnelle chinoise — Exigences de conservation pour
les matières premières et les décoctions
Reference number
ISO 22217:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020

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ISO 22217:2020(E)

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© ISO 2020
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Published in Switzerland
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ISO 22217:2020(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General . 2
4.1 Storage areas. 2
4.2 Package materials and containers . 2
5 Optimum storage conditions . 2
5.1 General . 2
5.2 Storage requirements of raw materials and decoction pieces . 3
5.2.1 Normal temperature and dry place . 3
5.2.2 Cool and dry place .20
5.2.3 Normal temperature and moist place .26
5.2.4 Cool and moist place .26
5.3 Specified storage requirements of raw materials and decoction pieces .27
5.3.1 In a well-closed container .27
5.3.2 In a tighted container .28
5.3.3 Protection from light .28
Annex A (informative) Reference values of national and regional limits of temperature and
relative humidity for storage .30
Annex B (informative) Storage attention for raw materials and decoction pieces .31
Annex C (informative) Collaborative storage .46
Annex D (informative) Close monitoring raw materials and decoction pieces .47
Bibliography .50
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ISO 22217:2020(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
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expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 249, Traditional Chinese medicine.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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ISO 22217:2020(E)

Introduction
Raw materials (Chinese materia medica) and decoction pieces have originated from various and
complex sources, such as plants, animals and minerals. Also, different raw materials and decoction
pieces contain different compositions. Without the proper storage conditions (regarding temperature,
humidity, air and sunlight), quality variation could easily occur. There are many possible variations
in the quality of raw materials and decoction pieces, including damage by worms or vermin, mould,
oil extravasation, dicolouring, loss of odour, efflorescence, deliquescence, adhesion, volatilization and
decay. In other words, inappropriate storage conditions and methods could lead to quality variation
and economic loss, as well as variation in the efficacy and safety of raw materials and decoction pieces
in clinical medication use.
Storage requirements for raw materials and decoction pieces give scientific, reasonable, economic
and effective storage conditions for different raw materials and decoction pieces. In these conditions,
raw materials and decoction pieces can be effectively protected from quality variation and the safety,
quality and clinical effectiveness of raw materials and decoction pieces can thus be guaranteed.
This document gives information that can remind the user to give priority to the unstable or expensive
raw materials and decoction pieces; to avoid predictable quality variation; and to reduce losses. For
example, raw materials and decoction pieces rich in grease, starch and protein could be damaged by
worms; raw materials and decoction pieces rich in grease, volatile oil and mucilage could have oil
extravasation at high temperatures and relative humidity; or raw materials and decoction pieces rich
in volatile oil could lose their odour.
As national implementation may differ, national standards bodies are invited to modify the values given
in 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.2.3 and 5.2.4 in their national standards. Examples of national and regional values are
given in Annex A.
Examples of storage attention for raw materials and decoction pieces to avoid quality variations are
given in Annex B. Information of a traditional Chinese medicine storage method named "Collaborative
storage" is given in Annex C. Examples of toxic and rare raw materials and decoction pieces needing
close monitoring are given in Annex D.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22217:2020(E)
Traditional Chinese medicine — Storage requirements for
raw materials and decoction pieces
1 Scope
This document specifies the general storage requirements for raw materials and decoction pieces.
It is applicable to the storage of raw materials and decoction pieces used in traditional Chinese medicine.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
storage
preservation measures for keeping raw materials and decoction pieces under defined conditions,
retaining effective ingredients and biological activity of raw materials and decoction pieces, preventing
spoilage, quality variation and contamination, and ensuring quality and safety of raw materials and
decoction pieces
3.2
raw materials
Chinese materia medica
CMM
medicinal parts of medicinal plants, animals and minerals after preliminary processing, which are used
as crude materials to make decoction pieces in Chinese medicine
[SOURCE: ISO 18662-1:2017, 3.1, modified — Note 1 to entry removed.]
3.3
decoction piece
prescription medicinal processed from Chinese materia medica under the guidance of TCM theory and
processing methods for Chinese medicines
Note 1 to entry: Decoction pieces are directly used in clinical practice or the production of prepared medicines.
[SOURCE: ISO 18668-1:2016, 3.3]
3.4
protected from light
kept in a container that can prevent transmittance of light affecting the specified properties and quality
of the contents under ordinary conditions of handling, shipment and storage
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ISO 22217:2020(E)

3.5
well-closed container
container with a closure system that protects the contents from extraneous solids and from loss of the
contents under ordinary conditions of storage
3.6
tightened container
container with a closure system that protects the contents from extraneous solids or liquids, from loss of
the contents, and from efflorescence, deliquescence or evaporation under ordinary conditions of storage
3.7
cool place
storage location where a substance is kept at an ambient temperature not exceeding 20 °C
3.8
normal temperature place
storage location where a substance is kept at an ambient temperature of 20 °C to 30 °C
3.9
dry place
storage location where a substance is kept at a relative humidity not exceeding 60 %
3.10
moist place
storage location where a substance is kept at a relative humidity of 60 % to 100 %
3.11
collaborative storage
storage method that keeps two or more kinds of raw materials and decoction pieces together,
preventing quality variation like damage by worms or vermin, discolouring or mould of raw materials
and decoction pieces
4 General
4.1 Storage areas
Storage areas shall be clean and free from rats, pests, flies, birds or any other animals. Contamination
and cross-contamination of raw materials and decoction pieces shall be avoided.
4.2 Package materials and containers
Immediate package materials and containers shall be innocuous and clean, shall not interact with the
raw materials and decoction pieces packed, and shall not affect the quality of the raw materials and
decoction pieces in the containers.
The external package shall label the product name and plant scientific name, quality features, country
and province/state, date of production and expiry date, and storage method and requirements of the
raw materials and decoction pieces.
5 Optimum storage conditions
5.1 General
Storage requirements specify the temperature and relative humidity (RH) of storage location. Specified
storage requirements specify certain raw materials and decoction pieces that should be protected from
air or light, be non-powdered, be uncomminuted or be under nitrogen.
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ISO 22217:2020(E)

Unless otherwise specified, if the decoction piece has the same name as the corresponding raw
materials, it shares the same storage requirements of the corresponding raw materials.
For more detailed information of raw materials, such as source and other names, please see ISO 18662-1.
For the codes of raw materials, please see ISO 18668-3. For the codes of decoction pieces, please see
ISO 18668-2.
Unless otherwise specified, where normal temperature place or room temperature place is specified, it
may be replaced by cool place.
In the case that a requirement on storage in an individual herb standard (e.g. ISO 19824, ISO 20409,
ISO 20759) is available, the requirement in that standard takes precedence.
5.2 Storage requirements of raw materials and decoction pieces
5.2.1 Normal temperature and dry place
The raw materials and decoction pieces in Table 1 shall be stored at a normal temperature in a dry
place, at an ambient temperature of 20 °C to 30 °C and relative humidity not exceeding 60 %.
Table 1 — Raw materials and decoction pieces stored at a normal temperature in a dry place
Latin name Origin Herbal name Han character name
dried corolla of Abelmoschus mani- Abelmoschus manihot
Abelmoschi corolla 黄蜀葵花(黃蜀葵花)
hot (L.) corolla
Abri herba dried herb of Abrus cantoniensis Hance Abrus cantoniensis herb 鸡骨草 (雞骨草)
dried root bark of Acanthopanax Acanthopanax gracili-
Acanthopanacis cortex 五加皮 (五加皮)
gracilistylus W.W. Smith stylus root bark
dried root and rhizome or stem of Acanthopanax sentico-
Acanthopanacis senticosi radix et
Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et sus root and rhizome 刺五加 (刺五加)
rhizoma seu caulis
Maxim.) Harms or stem
dried leaf of Aconitum kusnezoffii Aconitum kusnezoffii
Aconiti kusnezoffii folium 草乌叶 (草烏葉)
Reichb. leaf
dried root tuber of Aconitum kusne- Aconitum kusnezoffii
Aconiti kusnezoffii radix 草乌 (草烏)
zoffii Reichb. root tuber
dried parent root tuber of Aconitum Aconitum carmichaeli
Aconiti radix
川乌 (川烏)
carmichaeli Debx. parent root tuber
Acori calami rhizoma dried rhizome of Acorus calamus L. Acorus calamus rhizome 藏菖蒲(藏菖蒲)
dried rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii Acorus tatarinowii
Acori tatarinowii rhizoma 石菖蒲 (石菖蒲)
Schott. rhizome
dried root of Adenophora tetrap- Adenophora tetraphyl-
Adenophorae radix hylla (Thunb.) Fisch or Adenophora la root; Adenophora 南沙参 (南沙參)
stricta Miq. stricta root
dried ripe seed of Aesculus chinensis Aesculus chinensis
Bge., Aesculus chinensis Bge. var. seed; Aesculus chekian-
Aesculi semen 娑罗子 (娑羅子)
chekiangensis (Hu et Fang) Fang or gensis seed; Aesculus
Aesculus wilsonii Rehd. wilsonii seed
dried body of Agkistrodon acutus Agkistrodon acutus
Agkistrodon 蕲蛇 (蘄蛇)
(Güenther). body
dried aerial part of Agrimonia pilosa Agrimonia pilosa
Agrimoniae herba 仙鹤草 (仙鶴草)
Ledeb. aerial part
dried root bark or stem bark of Ailan- Ailanthus altissima root
Ailanthi cortex 椿皮 (椿皮)
thus altissima (Mill.) Swingle bark or stem bark
dried lianoid stem of Akebia quinata
Akebia quinata lianoid
(Thunb.) Decne., Akebia trifoliata
stem; Akebia trifoliata
Akebiae caulis (Thunb.) Koidz. or Akebia trifoliata
木通 (木通)
lianoid stem; Akebia
(Thunb.) Koidz. var. australis (Diels)
australis lianoid stem
Rehd.
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ISO 22217:2020(E)

Table 1 (continued)
Latin name Origin Herbal name Han character name
dried nearly ripe fruit of Akebia
quinata (Thunb.) Decne, Akebia Akebia quinata fruit;
Akebiae fructus trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz. or Akebia Akebia trifoliata fruit; 预知子 (預知子)
trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz. var. austra- Akebia australis fruit
lis (Diels) Rehd.
dried stem bark of Albizia julibrissin Albizia julibrissin stem
Albiziae cortex 合欢皮 (合歡皮)
Durazz. bark
dried inflorescence or flower bud of Albizia julibrissin inflo-
Albiziae flos 合欢花(合歡花)
Albizia julibrissin Durazz. rescence or flower bud
dried tuber of Alisma orientale
Alismatis rhizoma Alismas orientale tuber
泽泻 (澤瀉)
(Sam.) Juzep.
Allium macrostemon
dried bulb of Allium macrostemon
Allii macrostemi bulbus bulb; Allium chinensis 薤白 (薤白)
Bge. or Allium chinensis G. Don.
bulb
dried ripe seed of Allium tuberosum
Allii tuberosi semen Allium tuberosum seed 韭菜子 (韭菜子)
Rottl. ex Spreng.
processed mineral of sulfates of
alumstone, containing mainly
Alumen Alum 白矾 (白礬)
potassium aluminium sulfate [KAl
(SO ) · 12H O]
4 2 2
dried root tuber of Ampelopsis japoni- Ampelopsis japonica
Ampelopsis radix 白蔹 (白蘞)
ca (Thunb.) Makino root tuber
dried aerial part of Andrographis Andrographis panicula-
Andrographis herba 穿心莲 (穿心蓮)
paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees ta aerial part
dried rhizome of Anemarrhena aspho- Anemarrhena aspho-
Anemarrhenae rhizoma 知母 (知母)
deloides Bge. deloides rhizome
dried root of Angelica pubescens
Angelicae pubescentis radix Angelica pubescens root 独活 (獨活)
Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan
shell of Arca subcrenata Lischke, Arca subcrenata shell;
Arcae concha Arca granosa Linnaeus or Arca infla- Arca granosa shell; 瓦楞子 (瓦楞子)
ta Reeve Arca inflata shell
Arctii fructus dried ripe fruit of Arctium lappa L. Arctium lappa fruit 牛蒡子 (牛蒡子)
Ardisiae crenatae radix dried root of Ardisia crenata Sims Ardisia crenata root 朱砂根 (朱砂根)
Arecae pericarpium dried pericarp of Areca catechu L. Areca catechu pericarp 大腹皮 (大腹皮)
Arecae semen dried ripe seed of Areca catechu L. Areca catechu seed 槟榔 (檳榔)
dried Bile prepared tuber of Ari-
Bile Arisaema erubes-
saema erubescens (Wall.) Schott.,
Arisaema cum bile cens tuber; Bile Arisae- 胆南星(膽南星)
Arisaema heterophyllum Bl., Arisaema
ma amurense tuber
amurense Maxlm.
Arisaema erubescens
dried tuber of Arisaema erubescens
tuber; Arisaema heter-
Arisaematis rhizoma (Wall.) Schott., Arisaema heterophyl- 天南星 (天南星)
ophyllum tuber; Arisae-
lum Bl. or Arisaema amurense Maxim.
ma amurense tuber
dried ripe fruit of Aristolochia con- Aristolochia contorta
Aristolochiae fructus torta Bge. or Aristolochia debilis Sieb. fruit; Aristolochia 马兜铃 (馬兜鈴)
et Zucc. debilis fruit
dried aerial part of Aristolochia Aristolochia debilis
Aristolochiae herba debilis Sieb. et Zucc. or Aristolochia aerial part; Aristolochia 天仙藤 (天仙藤)
contorta Bge. contorta aerial part
dried root of Arnebia euchroma
Arnebia euchroma root;
Arnebiae radix (Royle) Johnst. or Arnebia guttata 紫草 (紫草)
Arnebia guttata root
Bunge
solid glue prepared from the dried or
fresh skin of Equus asinus Linnaeus Equus asinus skin solid
Asini corii colla 阿胶 (阿膠)
(Fam. Equidae) by decoction and glue
concentration
dried root tuber of Asparagus Asparagus cochinchin-
Asparagi radix 天冬 (天冬)
cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr ensis root tuber
dried body of Aspongopus chinensis Aspongopus chinensis
Aspongopus 九香虫 (九香蟲)
Dallas body
dried ripe seed of Astragalus compla- Astragalus complana-
Astragali complanati semen 沙苑子 (沙苑子)
natus R. Br. tus seed
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ISO 22217:2020(E)

Table 1 (continued)
Latin name Origin Herbal name Han character name
dried root of Astragalus membran-
Astragalus mongholicus
aceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus
Astragali radix root; Astragalus mem- 黄芪 (黃芪)
(Bge.) Hsiao or Astragalus membrana-
branaceus root
ceus (Fisch.) Bge.
Aucklandiae radix dried root of Aucklandia lappa Decne. Aucklandia lappa root 木香 (木香)
dried middle shavings of the stem of Bambusa tuldoides
Bambusa tuldoides Munro, Sinocala- middle shavings;
mus beecheyanus (Munro) McClure Sinocalamus pubescens
Bambusae caulis in taenia 竹茹 (竹茹)
var. pubescens P.F.Li or Phyllostachys middle shavings;
nigra (Lodd.) Munro var. henonis Phyllostachys henonis
(Mitf.) Stapf ex Rendle middle shavings
Bambusa textilis stem
dried masses of secretion in the stem
secretion masses; Schiz-
Bambusae concretio silicea of Bambusa textilis McClure or the 天竺黄 (天竺黃)
ostachyum chinense
Schizostachyum chinense Rendle
stem secretion masses
Baphicacanthis cusiae rhizoma et dried rhizome and root of Baphica- Baphicacanthus cusia
南板蓝根 (南板藍根)
radix canthus cusia (Nees) Bremek rhizome and root
dried rhizome of Belamcanda chinen- Belamcanda chinensis
Belamcandae rhizoma 射干 (射干)
sis (L.) DC rhizome
Belladonnae herba dried herb of Atropa belladonna L. Atropa belladonna herb 颠茄草(顛茄草)
dried exocarp of Benincasa hispida Benincasa hispida
Benincasae exocarpium 冬瓜皮 (冬瓜皮)
(Thunb.) Cogn. exocarp
dried root of Berberis soulieana Berberis soulieana root;
Schneid., Berberis wilsonae Hemsl., Berberis wilsonae root;
Berberidis radix 三颗针 (三顆針)
Berberis poiretii Schneid., Berberis Berberis poiretii root;
vernae Schneid. and similar species Berberis vernae root
dried rhizome of Polygonum bistorta Polygonum bistorta
Bistortae rhizoma 拳参 (拳參)
L. rhizome
dried tuber of Bletilla striata
Bletillae rhizoma Bletilla striata tuber 白及 (白及)
(Thunb.) Reichb. f.
dried tuber of Bolbostemma panicula- Bolbostemma panicula-
Bolbostematis rhizoma 土贝母 (土貝母)
tum (Maxim.) Franquet tum tuber
dried body of the fourth- to fifth-
Bombyx batryticatus Bombyx mori body
僵蚕 (僵蠶)
stage larva of Bombyx mori Linnaeus
Cow-bezoan cultured
Bovis calculus sativus cow-bezoan cultured in vitro 体外培育牛黄(體外培育牛黃)
in vitro
dried ripe fruit of Broussonetia papy- Broussonetia papyrif-
Broussonetiae fructus 楮实子 (楮實子)
rifera (L.) Vent. era fruit
dried ripe fruit of Brucea javanica
Bruceae fructus Brucea javanica fruit 鸦胆子 (鴉膽子)
(L.) Merr.
Bubali cornu horn of Bubalus bubalis Linnaeus Bubalus bubalis horn 水牛角 (水牛角)
dried flower bud and its inflores- Buddleja officinalis
Buddlejae flos 密蒙花 (密蒙花)
cence of Buddleja officinalis Maxim. flower and inflorescence
dried secretion of Bufo bufo garga- Bufo bufo gargarizans
Bufonis venenum rizans Cantor or Bufo melanostictus secretion; Bufo mela- 蟾酥 (蟾酥)
Schneider nostictus secretion
dried body of Bungarus multicinctus Bungarus multicinctus
Bungarus 金钱白花蛇 (金錢白花蛇)
Blyth body
Bupleurum chinense
dried root of Bupleurum chinense DC.
Bupleuri radix root; Bupleurum scor- 柴胡 (柴胡)
or Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd.
zonerifolium root
mineral of carbonates of smithsonite
Calamina of calcite group, containing mainly Calamine 炉甘石 (爐甘石)
zinc carbonate
dried stem, branch and leaf of Calli- Callicarpa kwangtunge-
Callicarpae caulis et folium 广东紫珠(廣東紫珠)
carpa kwangtungenis Chun nis stem, branch and leaf
dried leaf of Callicarpa formosana Callicarpa formosana
Callicarpae formosanae folium 紫珠叶 (紫珠葉)
Rolfe leaf
Callicarpa macrophyl-
dried leaf and foliferous branch of
Callicarpae macrophyllae folium la leaf and foliferous 大叶紫珠(大葉紫珠)
Callicarpa macrophylla Vahl
branch
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ISO 22217:2020(E)

Table 1 (continued)
Latin name Origin Herbal name Han character name
Calomelas calomel Calomel 轻粉(輕粉)
dried flower of Campsis grandiflora Campsis grandiflora
Campsis flos (Thunb.) K. Schum. or Campsis radi- flower; Campsis radi- 凌霄花 (淩霄花)
cans (L.) Seem. cans flower
dried ripe fruit of Canarium album
Canarii fructus Canarium album fruit 青果 (青果)
Raeusch.
dried ripe seed of Canavalia gladiata
Canavaliae semen Canavalia gladiata seed 刀豆 (刀豆)
(Jacq.) DC.
dried ripe fruit of Capsicum annuum
Capsici fructus Capsicum annuum fruit 辣椒 (辣椒)
L. and its cultivated varieties
Carotae fructus dried fruit of Daucus carota L. Daucus carota fruit 南鹤虱 (南鶴虱)
dried ripe seed of Cassia obtusifolia L. Cassia obtusifolia seed;
Cassiae semen
决明子 (決明子)
or Cassia tora L. Cassia tora seed
dried concentrated decoction pre-
Acacia catechu concen-
Catechu pared from the peeled branch and
儿茶 (兒茶)
trated decoction
stem of Acacia catechu (L. f.) Willd.
Celosia cristata capit-
Celosiae cristatae flos dried capitulum of Celosia cristata L. 鸡冠花 (雞冠花)
ulum
Celosiae semen dried ripe seed of Celosia argentea L. Celosia argentea seed 青葙子 (青葙子)
Centellae herba dried herb of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Centella asiatica herb 积雪草 (積雪草)
dried herb of Centipeda minima (L.)
Centipedae herba Centipeda minima herb 鹅不食草 (鵝不食草)
A. Br. et Aschers.
Cervus elaphus ossified
ossified antler or antler base of
antler or antler base;
Cervi cornu Cervus elaphus Linnaeus or Cervus 鹿角 (鹿角)
Cervus nippon ossified
nippon Temminck
antler or antler base
Cervus elaphus solid
dried solid glue of Cervus elaphus
Cervi cornus colla glue; Cervus nippon 鹿角胶 (鹿角膠)
Linnaeus, Cervus nippon Temminck
solid glue
dried root of Changium smyrnioides Changium smyrnioides
Changii radix 明党参 (明黨參)
Wolff. root
dried ripe fruit of Terminalia chebula Terminalia chebula
Chebulae fructus Retz. or Terminalia chebula Retz. var. fruit; Terminalia to-
诃子 (訶子)
tomentella Kurt. mentella fruit
Chelidonii herba dried herb of Chelidonium majus L. Chelidonium majus herb 白屈菜 (白屈菜)
black mica schist or a carbonate
Chloriti lapis schist of chlorite mica of metamor- Chlorite 青礞石 (青礞石)
phic group
dried rhizome of Cibotium barometz Cibotium barometz
Cibotii rhizoma 狗脊 (狗脊)
(L.) J. Sm. rhizome
slough of the nymph of Cryptotym-
Cryptotympana pustu-
Cicadae periostracum pana pustulata Fabricius during 蝉蜕 (蟬蛻)
lata nymph slough
emergence
Cimicifuga heracleifolia
dried rhizome of Cimicifuga heracleifo-
rhizome; Cimicifuga da-
Cimicifugae rhizoma lia Kom., Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) 升麻 (升麻)
hurica rhizome; Cimicif-
Maxim. or Cimicifuga foetida L.
uga foetida rhizome
Cinnabaris cinnabar powder Cinnabar powder 朱砂 (朱砂)
dried aerial part of Cirsium setosum Cirsium setosum aerial
Cirsii herba 小蓟 (小薊)
(Wild.) MB. part
dried aerial part of Cirsium japonicum Cirsium japonicum
Cirsii japonici herba 大蓟 (大薊)
DC. aerial part
dried whole plant of Cissampelos
Cissampelos hirsuta
Cissampelotis herba pareira L. var. hirsuta (Buch. ex DC.) 亚乎奴 (亞乎奴)
whole plant
Forman.
Cistanche deserticola
dried fleshy stem with scales of
stem with scales; Cis-
Cistanches herba Cistanche deserticola Y.C. Ma. or the 肉苁蓉 (肉蓯蓉)
tanche tubulosa stem
Cistanche tubulosa (Schrenk) Wight
with scales
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ISO 22217:2020(E)

Table 1 (continued)
Latin name Origin Herbal name Han character name
dried ripe seed of Citrus reticulata
Citri reticulatae semen Citrus reticulata seed 橘核 (橘核)
Blanco and its other cultivates
dried lianoid stem of Clematis ar- Clematis armandii
Clematidis armandii caulis mandii Franch. or Clematis montana lianoid stem; Clematis 川木通 (川木通)
Buch.-Ham. montana lianoid stem
Clematis chinensis
root and rhizome;
dried root and rhizome of Clematis
Clematis hexapetala
Clematidis radix et rhizoma chinensis Osbeck, Clematis hexapetala 威灵仙 (威靈仙)
root and rhizome;
Pall. or Clematis manshurica Rupr.
Clematis manshurica
root and rhizome
dried aerial part of Clinopodium Clinopodium polyceph-
polycephalum (Vaniot) C. Y. Wu et alum aerial part;
Clinopodii herba 断血流 (斷血流)
Hsuan, Clinopodium chinensis (Benth) Clinopodium chinensis
Q.Kuntze aerial part
dried ripe fruit of Cnidium monnieri
Cnidii fructus Cnidium monnieri fruit 蛇床子 (蛇床子)
(L.) Cuss.
dried root of Codonopsis pilosula Codonopsis pilosu-
(Franch.) Nannf., Codonopsis pilosula la root; Codonopsis
Codonopsis radix 党参 (黨參)
Nannf. var. modesta (Nannf.) L.T. modesta root; Codonop-
Shen or Codonopsis tangshen
...