ISO 12460-5:2011

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12460-5
First edition
2011-06-15


Wood-based panels — Determination of
formaldehyde release —
Part 5:
Extraction method (called the perforator
method)
Panneaux à base de bois — Détermination du dégagement de
formaldéhyde —
Partie 5: Méthode d'extraction (dite méthode au perforateur)





Reference number
ISO 12460-5:2011(E)
©
ISO 2011

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ISO 12460-5:2011(E)

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ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

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ISO 12460-5:2011(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Principle.1
4 Reagents.1
5 Apparatus.2
6 Test pieces .3
7 Procedure.3
8 Expression of results.6
9 Test report.8

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ISO 12460-5:2011(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12460-5 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 89, Wood-based panels.
ISO 12460 consists of the following parts, under the general title Wood-based panels — Determination of
formaldehyde release:
⎯ Part 1: Formaldehyde emission by the 1-cubic-metre chamber method
⎯ Part 3: Gas analysis method
⎯ Part 4: Desiccator method
⎯ Part 5: Extraction method (called the perforator method)
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ISO 12460-5:2011(E)
Introduction
ISO 12460-1 specifies the 1-cubic-metre chamber as the reference method for the determination of
formaldehyde release. Derived test methods specified in ISO 12460-3, ISO 12460-4 and ISO 12460-5 are
intended for factory production control.
The “perforator value”, as determined by the method laid down in this part of ISO 12460, is considered to be
the “formaldehyde content” of the tested board.
The test results are considered in relation to the specific board conditions at the time of testing.
The emission of formaldehyde from wood-based panels (e.g. particleboard, plywood, fibreboard) is a complex
process. For a given board, the test result depends upon the age, ageing conditions, moisture content, etc., at
the time of testing.
In addition, the correlation between the perforator value and the formaldehyde emission of the board depends
on the type of board.

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12460-5:2011(E)

Wood-based panels — Determination of formaldehyde
release —
Part 5:
Extraction method (called the perforator method)
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12460 specifies an extraction method, known as the “perforator method”, for the
determination of the formaldehyde content of unlaminated and uncoated wood-based panels.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 16979, Wood-based panels ― Determination of moisture content
ISO 16999, Wood-based panels ― Sampling and cutting of test pieces
3 Principle
The formaldehyde is extracted from test pieces by means of boiling toluene and then transferred into distilled
or demineralized water. The formaldehyde content of this aqueous solution is determined photometrically by
the acetylacetone method.
4 Reagents
For the analysis, only reagents of analytical quality and distilled or demineralized water shall be used.
4.1 Toluene, which is free from water and from impurities which may interfere with the test.
4.2 Acetylacetone, of analytical grade.
4.3 Ammonium acetate, of analytical grade.
Commercially prepared solutions may be used, provided they can be shown to give results equivalent to those
obtained with solutions prepared in the laboratory.
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ISO 12460-5:2011(E)
5 Apparatus
5.1 Precision balance, with 0,001 g scale intervals.
5.2 Oven, well-ventilated and capable of maintaining a temperature of (103 ± 2) °C.
5.3 Spectrophotometer, with cells of optical path length 50 mm, capable of measuring absorbance at
412 nm.
5.4 Extraction apparatus, consisting of the following:
⎯ spiral condenser, with a total length of approximately 400 mm, cone 45/40, socket 29/32 (see Figure 1,
item 2);
⎯ conical adaptor, socket 45/40, cone 71/51 (see Figure 1, item 3);
⎯ filter insert, porosity P 160 (100 pm to 160 pm), with bowl and filter diameters of 60 mm (see Figure 1,
item 4);
⎯ perforator attachment, 1 000 ml, with stopcock (4 mm bore), socket 71/51, cone 29/32 (see Figure 1,
item 5);
⎯ conical adaptor, socket 29/32, cone 45/40 (see Figure 1, item 8);
⎯ 1 000 ml round bottom flask, socket 45/40 (see Figure 1, item 9);
⎯ (double) bulbed tube, cone 29/32 (length approximately 380 mm), with external diameter of approximately
10 mm, bulb diameter approximately 50 mm, distance between bulb and bottom end of tube
approximately 200 mm (distance between the bulbs approximately 50 mm) (see Figure 1, item 6);
⎯ absorption bulb (e.g. conical flask 250 ml) (see Figure 1, item 7).
5.5 Laboratory equipment, consisting of the following:
⎯ volumetric flask, 2 000 ml, calibrated at 20 °C;
⎯ conical flask, 250 ml;
⎯ precision burette, 50 ml, calibrated at 20 °C;
⎯ watch glass, with diameter of about 120 mm;
⎯ two volumetric flasks, 1 000 ml, calibrated at 20 °C;
⎯ six volumetric flasks, 100 ml, calibrated at 20 °C;
⎯ bulb pipette or automatic/digital pipette, 100 ml, calibrated at 20 °C;
⎯ bulb pipette or automatic/digital pipette, 25 ml, calibrated at 20 °C;
⎯ three bulb pipettes or automatic/digital pipettes, 10 ml, calibrated at 20 °C;
⎯ stoppered flasks, each 50 ml;
⎯ two volumetric cylinders, 250 ml;
⎯ water bath;
⎯ desiccator.
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ISO 12460-5:2011(E)
6 Test pieces
Sampling and cutting shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 16999.
6.1 Sampling
6.1.1 The test pieces shall be taken, evenly distributed, over the width of the (cooled) board, but excluding a
500 mm wide strip at either end of the board.
6.1.2 Take 12 test pieces of 25 mm × 25 mm × thickness of the board for the determination of the moisture
content and a sufficient number of test pieces of the same dimensions to obtain approximately 500 g of the
board for the extraction by perforator.
6.2 For production control
If this method is used for production control, the board selected for sampling shall be immediately cut up after
cooling. The test pieces taken from the board shall be stored, hermetically sealed, at room temperature.
The formaldehyde determination should be carried out not more than 72 h after sampling.
6.3 For other purposes
If this method is used for other purposes, e.g. for boards already installed, the method chosen for sampling,
preparation of test pieces and the conditioning — all of which influence the final result — shall be agreed
between the parties and indicated in the test report.
Unless otherwise agreed, the test pieces shall be conditioned to constant mass at a temperature of
(23 ± 1) °C and a relative humidity of (50 ± 5) %.
Constant mass is considered to have been reached when the results of two successive weightings, carried out
at intervals of not less than 24 h, do not differ by more than 0,1 % of the mass of the test pieces.
Contamination of test pieces from other sources of formaldehyde during conditioning shall be avoided.
7 Procedure
7.1 Number of extractions
The extractions shall be carried out in duplicate.
NOTE For internal routine control, a single extraction could be sufficient.
The individual values of a duplicate extraction may not deviate by more than 20 % related to the greater of the
two single values; otherwise, a third extraction shall be carried out.
7.2 Determination of moisture content
Determine the moisture content in accordance with ISO 16979.
Determine the moisture content in duplicate on a sample of at least four test pieces (25 mm × 25 mm).
Weigh the sample (5.1) to an accuracy of 0,1 % onto the watch glass (5.5) and dry in the oven (5.2) at a
temperature of (103 ± 2) °C to constant mass (about 12 h).
Constant mass is considered to have been reached when the results of two successive weightings, carried out
at intervals of not less than 6 h, do not differ by more than 0,1 % of the mass of the test pieces.
After removal from the drying oven, the test pieces shall be allowed to cool in a desiccator before weighing.
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