ISO 4746:1977
(Main)Oxygen-free copper - Scale adhesion test
Oxygen-free copper - Scale adhesion test
Provides a means of assessing the usability in electronic devices, for applications involving glass-to-metal seals, or other uses relying on the formation and presence of an adherent film of copper oxide. The procedure includes preparation and heating in air of a test piece, followed by rapid cooling in water and visual examination for loss of the oxide film or blistering.
Cuivre exempt d'oxygène — Essai d'adhérence de la pellicule d'oxyde
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Jul-1977
- Technical Committee
- ISO/TC 26 - Copper and copper alloys
- Drafting Committee
- ISO/TC 26 - Copper and copper alloys
- Current Stage
- 9093 - International Standard confirmed
- Start Date
- 04-Jul-2025
- Completion Date
- 13-Dec-2025
Overview
ISO 4746:1977 defines a standardized method for testing the scale adhesion of oxygen-free copper, a high-conductivity copper widely used in electronic devices and glass-to-metal seal applications. This standard provides a reliable procedure to assess the durability and adherence of copper oxide films formed on oxygen-free copper surfaces, which is critical for ensuring the performance and reliability of components relying on these oxide films for insulation, corrosion resistance, or electrical properties. Developed by ISO Technical Committee ISO/TC 26 (Copper and copper alloys), this test method is internationally recognized and widely adopted.
Key Topics
Purpose and Scope
The standard specifies a test method to evaluate the adhesion of oxide films on oxygen-free copper. It focuses on electronic device components and glass-to-metal seals that depend on an adherent copper oxide layer for functionality.Test Specimen Preparation
Test pieces must be wire (1–2 mm diameter) or wrought flat strips (max 2 mm × 12 mm cross-section). Any surface oxidation must be fully removed prior to testing. The surface should be uniformly ground with 400-grade silicon carbide paper, degreased, cleaned in a 10% sulfuric acid solution, rinsed with distilled water, and dried without hand contact to avoid contamination.Testing Procedure
The prepared specimens are heated in air at 850–875°C for 30 minutes to form the copper oxide film, then rapidly cooled by immersion in cold water. This thermal cycling simulates real-world stresses impacting oxide adhesion.Evaluation Criteria
Visual examination is conducted to detect any loss of oxide film, blistering, or uneven coloration. The oxide layer should remain substantially intact, adherent, and uniformly colored. Minor edge effects may be disregarded, but absence of film blistering or detachment is mandatory.
Applications
ISO 4746:1977 is essential for industries where oxygen-free copper is used and oxide adherence affects product reliability and performance:
Electronic Devices
Ensures the oxide layer integrity on copper conductors and contacts, crucial for stable electrical performance and longevity.Glass-to-Metal Seals
Validates the copper oxide film adhesion on seals, which influences hermeticity and mechanical stability in electronics and vacuum systems.Non-Ferrous Metal Components
Applicable to quality control in manufacturing copper parts where oxide film properties affect corrosion resistance and surface functionality.Research and Development
Provides a benchmark method for studying oxidation behavior and improving copper alloy processing techniques.
Related Standards
For complementary standards on copper and related testing methods, consider the following:
- ISO 9955 – Copper and copper alloys - Wire
- ISO 13601 – Copper and copper alloys - Wrought flat products
- ISO 6507 – Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test, useful for assessing mechanical properties after oxidation
- IEC 60068 – Environmental testing, which may include thermal shock tests similar to those simulating conditions in ISO 4746
Keywords: ISO 4746, oxygen-free copper, scale adhesion test, copper oxide film, electronic devices, glass-to-metal seals, oxide adhesion, high conductivity copper, non-ferrous metals, copper oxidation test
ISO 4746:1977 - Oxygen-free copper -- Scale adhesion test
ISO 4746:1977 - Cuivre exempt d'oxygene -- Essai d'adhérence de la pellicule d'oxyde
ISO 4746:1977 - Cuivre exempt d'oxygene -- Essai d'adhérence de la pellicule d'oxyde
Frequently Asked Questions
ISO 4746:1977 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Oxygen-free copper - Scale adhesion test". This standard covers: Provides a means of assessing the usability in electronic devices, for applications involving glass-to-metal seals, or other uses relying on the formation and presence of an adherent film of copper oxide. The procedure includes preparation and heating in air of a test piece, followed by rapid cooling in water and visual examination for loss of the oxide film or blistering.
Provides a means of assessing the usability in electronic devices, for applications involving glass-to-metal seals, or other uses relying on the formation and presence of an adherent film of copper oxide. The procedure includes preparation and heating in air of a test piece, followed by rapid cooling in water and visual examination for loss of the oxide film or blistering.
ISO 4746:1977 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 77.040.99 - Other methods of testing of metals. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ISO 4746:1977 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD.
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION l MEXAYHAPOAHAII OPTAHM3AUWR no CTAHAAPTM3A~WH.ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Oxygen-free topper - Scale adhesion test
Cuivre exemp t d ‘ox ygene
- Essai d ‘adhelrencxl de Ia pelficule d’oxyde
First edition - 1977-08-0 1
w
-
Ref. No. ISO 4746-1977 E)
UDC 661.856.22 : 539.216.2 : 539.536
non-ferrous products, topper, electrolytic topper, tests, adhesion tests, scale korrosion), Oxide coatings.
Descriptors :
d
d
Price based on 1 page
FOREWORD
OS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation
of national Standards institutes (ISO member bodies). The work of developing
International Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every
member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been set
up has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated
to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International
Standards by the ISO Council.
International Standard ISO 4746 was developed by Technical Committee
lSO/TC 26, Copper and topper alloys, and was circulated to the member bodies
in January 1976.
lt has been approved by the member bodies of the following countries :
Beigium Korea, Dem. P. Rep. of Switzerland
Brazil Mexico Turkey
Chile Netherlands United Kingdom
USA.
France Norway
U.S.S. R.
Hungary Portugal
lndia Romania Yugoslavia
Italy South Africa, Rep. of
Japan Sweden
No member body expressed disapproval of the document.
International Organization for Standardkation, XI77 l
?rinted in Switzerland
ISO 4746-1977 (E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
Oxygen-free topper - Scale adhesion test
4 PREPARATION OF TEST PIECES
0 INTRODUCTION
Any surface Oxidation shall be removed completely.
The
...
NORME INTERNATIONALE 4746
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION l EXAYHAPOAHAII OPTAHM3ALWI XT0 ~AH~APTW3A~H&ï.ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Cuivre exempt d’oxygène - Essai d’adhérence de la pellicule
d’oxyde
Oxygen-free copper - Scale adhesion test
Première édition - 1977-08-o 1
Réf. no : ISO 4746-1977 (F)
CDU 661.856.22 : 539.216.2 : 539.536
cuivre, cuivre électrolytique, essai, essai d’adhérence, dépôt de matière, revêtement d’oxyde.
Descripteur~ : produit non ferreux,
Prix basé sur 1 page
AVANT-PROPOS
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale
d’organismes nationaux de normalisation (comités membresde I’ISO). L’élaboration
des Normes internationales est confiée aux comités techniques de I’ISO. Chaque
comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du comité technique
correspondant. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec I’ISO, participent également aux travaux.
Les projets de Normes internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont
soumis aux comités membres pour approbation, avant leur acceptation comme
Normes internationales par le Conseil de I’ISO.
La Norme internationale ISO 4746 a été élaborée par le comité technique
ISO/TC 26, Cuivre et Mages de cuivre, et a été soumise aux comités membres en
janvier 1976.
Les comités membres des pays suivants l’ont approuvée :
Afrique du Sud, Rép. d’ Italie Suède
Belgique Japon Suisse
Brési I Mexique Turquie
Chili Norvège U.R.S.S.
Corée, Rép. dém. p. de Pays-Bas U.S.A.
France Portugal Yougoslavie
Hongrie Roumanie
Inde Royaume-Uni
Aucun comité membre ne l’a désapprouvée.
0 Organisation internationale de normalisation, 1977 l
Imprimé en Suisse
ISO 4746-1977 (F)
NORME INTERNATIONALE
Cuivre exempt d’oxygène - Essai d’adhérence de la pellicule
d’oxyde
0 INTRODUCTION 4 PRÉPARATION DES ÉPROUVETTES
L’essai d’adhérence de la pellicule d’oxyde de cuivre est Toute oxydation de surface doit être enlevée complète-
un moyen de déterminer l’aptitude du cuivre exempt ment.
d’o’xygène à être utilisé principalement dans des dispositifs
II ne doit y avoir aucun
...
NORME INTERNATIONALE 4746
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION l EXAYHAPOAHAII OPTAHM3ALWI XT0 ~AH~APTW3A~H&ï.ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Cuivre exempt d’oxygène - Essai d’adhérence de la pellicule
d’oxyde
Oxygen-free copper - Scale adhesion test
Première édition - 1977-08-o 1
Réf. no : ISO 4746-1977 (F)
CDU 661.856.22 : 539.216.2 : 539.536
cuivre, cuivre électrolytique, essai, essai d’adhérence, dépôt de matière, revêtement d’oxyde.
Descripteur~ : produit non ferreux,
Prix basé sur 1 page
AVANT-PROPOS
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale
d’organismes nationaux de normalisation (comités membresde I’ISO). L’élaboration
des Normes internationales est confiée aux comités techniques de I’ISO. Chaque
comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du comité technique
correspondant. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec I’ISO, participent également aux travaux.
Les projets de Normes internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont
soumis aux comités membres pour approbation, avant leur acceptation comme
Normes internationales par le Conseil de I’ISO.
La Norme internationale ISO 4746 a été élaborée par le comité technique
ISO/TC 26, Cuivre et Mages de cuivre, et a été soumise aux comités membres en
janvier 1976.
Les comités membres des pays suivants l’ont approuvée :
Afrique du Sud, Rép. d’ Italie Suède
Belgique Japon Suisse
Brési I Mexique Turquie
Chili Norvège U.R.S.S.
Corée, Rép. dém. p. de Pays-Bas U.S.A.
France Portugal Yougoslavie
Hongrie Roumanie
Inde Royaume-Uni
Aucun comité membre ne l’a désapprouvée.
0 Organisation internationale de normalisation, 1977 l
Imprimé en Suisse
ISO 4746-1977 (F)
NORME INTERNATIONALE
Cuivre exempt d’oxygène - Essai d’adhérence de la pellicule
d’oxyde
0 INTRODUCTION 4 PRÉPARATION DES ÉPROUVETTES
L’essai d’adhérence de la pellicule d’oxyde de cuivre est Toute oxydation de surface doit être enlevée complète-
un moyen de déterminer l’aptitude du cuivre exempt ment.
d’o’xygène à être utilisé principalement dans des dispositifs
II ne doit y avoir aucun
...
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